Cis110 lecture 01 intro to is
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This document provides an overview of an introductory course on information systems and information technology. It defines key terms like information systems, information technology, data, information, and knowledge. It describes the major functions and capabilities of information systems. It also outlines different types of information systems including transaction processing systems, management information systems, decision support systems, and enterprise-wide systems that support organizational levels and business functions.
Cis110 lecture 01 intro to is
- 1. CIS 210: Introduction to Information Systems Lecture Notes 01 Overview of Information Systems and Information Technology Prof. M. Ulema Manhattan College, School of Business Computer Information Systems CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 1
- 2. “The right information at the right time is nine-tenths of any battle.” Abraham Lincoln CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 2
- 3. Outline • What is an Information System? • Functions and Capabilities of ISs • Business Perspective • Information Systems Literacy • Types of Information Systems – Supporting Organizational Levels – Major Business Functions – Enterprise-wide Information Systems CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 3
- 4. What is Information System (IS)? • A collection of computing systems used by an organization • A set of interrelated components that – Collect (or retrieve), process, store, and distribute information to support • Decision making and • Control in an organization CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 4
- 5. IS is not the same as IT! • Information System – A collection of computing systems used by an organization to deal with certain information • Information Technology – Broadly, an organization’s collection of information resources, their users, and the management that oversees them – Includes the IT infrastructure and all other information systems in an organization CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 5
- 6. Data vs. Information vs. Knowledge • Data – Streams of raw facts representing events such as business transactions • Information – Clusters of facts that are meaningful and useful to human beings in the processes such as making decisions • Knowledge – Data and/or information that have been organized and processed to convey understanding, experience, accumulated learning, and expertise as apply to a current problem or activity CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 6
- 7. Data vs. Information: An Example 331 Brilo Dish Soap 1.29 833 BK Hill Coffee 4.99 173 Meow Cat .75 331 Brilo Dish Soap 1.29 Sales Region: Northwest 553 Cntry Ham 3.29 Store: Superstore #: 22 521 Ginger Root .85 C ITEM NO. DESCRIPTION UNITS SOLD C 331 Brilo Dish Soap 7156 C YTD SALES $9,231.24 Data Information YTD SALES of $9,231.24 is the BEST figure we had in past 10 years. Knowledge CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 7
- 8. Major Capabilities of ISs • Perform high-speed, high-volume, numerical computation • Provide fast, accurate, and inexpensive communication within and between organizations • Automate both semiautomatic business processes and manual tasks • Store huge amounts of information in an easy-to-access, yet small space CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 8
- 9. Major Capabilities of ISs (Cont.) • Allow quick and inexpensive access to vast amount of information, worldwide • Facilitate the interpretation of vast amounts of data • Enable communication and collaboration anywhere, any time • Increase the effectiveness and efficiency of people working in groups in one place or in several locations, anywhere • Facilitate work in hazardous environment CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 9
- 10. Major Factors Involved in Building ISs • An important instrument for creating value for the organization TE S CH ION AT NO LO G NIZ INFORMATION Y GA SYSTEMS OR MANAGEMENT CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 10
- 11. Organization: Major Business Functions • Sales and marketing • Manufacturing • Finance • Accounting • Human resources CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 11
- 12. Management Levels • Senior managers: – Make long-range strategic decisions about products and services • Middle managers: – Carry out the programs and plans of senior management • Operational managers: – Monitor the firm’s daily activities CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 12
- 13. Major Technology Topics • Computers – Hardware, Software – Basic Architecture, Programming, Applications • Databases – Storing and managing data – Building, Querying, Modeling, Distributed DB • Networks – Internet, WWW, Communication Protocols • Security – Secrecy, Anonymity, Electronic Payments, Firewalls CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 13
- 14. IS Types - Overview ESS Senior IS TYPES Managers GROUPS SERVED DDS, MIS Middle Managers KWS, Office Knowledge and Systems Data Workers TPS Operational Managers Sales Manufac Finance Accounting Human FUNCTIONAL Marketing turing Resources AREAS IS TYPES CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 14
- 15. Organizational Level ISs Input Processing Output Supports Executive Support Aggregate Interactive Projections Strategic long term data decision making Systems (ESS) Decision Support Low volume Interactive Decision Complex, non-routine data analysis decision making Systems (DSS) Management High volume Simple models Summary Routine decision data reports making in functional Information areas Systems (MIS) Knowledge Work Design Modeling Designs, Creating, gathering, specs graphics organizing, integrating, Systems (KWS) and disseminating of an Office Systems organization knowledge Transaction Daily routine Record and Summaries Collecting, organizing, transactions store for other and disseminating data Processing ISs and information Systems (TPS) CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 15
- 16. Payroll TPS TPS Example Payroll TPS CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 16
- 17. MIS Example CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 17
- 18. DSS Example CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 18
- 19. FUNCTIONAL SPECIFIC ISs Systems Major Functions Sales and Sales management, Market research, Marketing Promotion, Pricing, New products Systems Manufacturing Scheduling, purchasing, shipping, receiving, and Production engineering, operations Systems Financing and Budgeting, general ledger, billing, cost Accounting accounting Systems Human Resources Personnel records, benefits, compensation, Systems labor relations, training CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 19
- 20. CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 20
- 21. Enterprise-Wide Information Systems • Serve several departments or entire enterprise – Supply Chain Management (SCM) Systems – Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems – Knowledge Management (KWM) Systems CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 21
- 22. Supply Chain Management • Links and coordinates the activities involved in buying, making, and moving a product • Integrates supplier, manufacturer, distributor, and customer logistics time • Reduces time, redundant effort, and inventory costs CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 22
- 23. Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Systems • Manages all ways used by firms to deal with existing and potential new customers • Uses information system to coordinate entire business processes of a firm • Consolidates customer data from multiple sources and provides tools for answering questions CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 23
- 24. Knowledge Management (KWM) Systems • Creating knowledge • Discovering and codifying knowledge • Sharing knowledge • Distributing knowledge CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 24
- 25. Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Systems • Integrating all data and processes of an organization into a unified system • Key ingredient: a unified database to store data for the various system modules • Typical modules in an ERP System: – Supply Chain Management (SCM), Customer Relationship Management (CRM), Finance, Manufacturing, Human Resources CIS 110 Fall 2012 Prof. Ulema Intro - 25