Class Eight Direct to Indirect speech
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The document discusses direct and indirect speech. It provides examples of changing direct speech to indirect speech based on tense. Direct speech uses quotation marks to report the exact words spoken, while indirect speech does not use quotation marks and communicates the general idea of what was said without the exact words. The key changes discussed are changing the present tense to past tense and changing future tense verbs from "will" to "would" when changing from direct to indirect speech. Time and place expressions are also sometimes changed in indirect speech, such as "now" becoming "then" and "here" becoming "there".
Class Eight Direct to Indirect speech
- 1. Narration Abul Bashar Assistant Teacher Tangail Residential School & College
- 2. Speaker Reporting Verb Direct speech Sumon Said “I am busy.” Direct Speech
- 3. Speaker Reporting Verb Linker Reported speech Sumon Said that he was vary busy Indirect Speech
- 4. Fill in the blanks
- 5. • She says, ‘I have done my duty.’ (Direct speech) • She says that she has done her duty. (Indirect speech) • Direct: He says to her, ‘I will wait for you at the railway station.’ • Indirect: He tells her that he will wait for her at the railway station.
- 6. • Direct: He says, ‘I am not coming.’ • Indirect: He says that he is not coming. • Direct: She will say, ‘I don’t want to come.’ • Indirect: She will say that she does not want to come.
- 7. • Direct: He will say, ‘I cannot wait any longer.’ • Indirect: He will say that he cannot wait any longer.
- 8. • Table for change in tense of reported speech for all TENSES. • TENSE CHANGE - IN - INDIRECT SPEECH Present simple tense into Past simple Present Continuous tense into Past continuous Present Perfect tense into Pas perfect Present Perfect Continuous into Past perfect continuous Past simple into Past Perfect Past Continuous into Past Perfect Continuous Past Perfect into Past Perfect Future simple, will into would Future Continuous, will be into would be Future Perfect, will have into would have •
- 9. PRESENT TENSE PRESENT SIMPLE changes into PAST SIMPLE • He said, “I write a letter” • He said that he wrote a letter. • She said, “he goes to school daily” • He said that she went to school daily. • They said, “we love our country” • They said that they loved their country • He said, “he does not like computer” • He said that he did not like computer.
- 10. PRESENT CONTINUOUS changes into PAST CONTINUOUS • He said, “he is listening to the music” • He said that he was listening to the music. • She said, “I am washing my clothes” • She said that she was washing her clothes. • They said, “we are enjoying the weather” • They said that they were not enjoying the weather.
- 11. PRESENT PERFECT CANGES INTO PAST PERFECT • She said, “he has finished his work” • She said that he had finished his work. • He said, “I have started a job” • He said that he had started a job. • I said, “she have eaten the meal” • I said that she had eaten the meal
- 12. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS CANGES INTO PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS • He said, “I have been studying since 3 O’clock” • He said that he had been studying since 3 O’clock. • She said, “It has been raining for three days.” • She said that it been raining for three days.
- 13. PAST TENSE PAST SIMPLE CHANGES INTO PAST PERFECT • He said to me, “you answered correctly” • He said to me that I had answered correctly. • John said, “they went to cinema” • John said that they had gone to cinema.
- 14. PAST CONTINUOUS changes into PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS • They said, “we were enjoying the weather” • They said that they had been enjoying the weather. • He said to me, “ I was waiting for you” • He said to me that he had been waiting for me. • I said, “It was raining” • I said that it had been raining.
- 15. PAST PERFECT changes into PAST PERFECT (tense does not change) • She said, “She had visited a doctor” • She said that she had visited a doctor. • He said, “I had started a business” • He said that he had started a business.
- 16. FUTURE TENSE FUTURE SIMPLE TENSE WILL CHANGES INTO ‘WOULD’ • He said, “I will study the book” • He said that he would study the book. • She said, “I will buy a computer” • She said that she would buy a computer.
- 17. FUTURE CONTINUOUS TENSE WILL BE CHANGES INTO WOULD BE • I said to him, “ I will be waiting for him” • I said to him that I would be waiting for him. She said,” I will be shifting to new home” • She said that she would be shifting to a new home.
- 18. FUTURE PERFECT TENSE WILL HAVE changes into WOULD HAVE • He said, “I will have finished the work” • He said that he would have finished the work. • She said, “they will have passed the examination” • She said that they would have passed the examination.
- 19. Some words of time expression and place expression are changed if the Reporting verb is in the past tense. • Now becomes them • ago---before • today---that day • to night---that night • tomorrow--- the next day • yesterday---the previous day • last night---the previous night
- 20. • here becomes there • hence---thence • this---that • these---those • thus---that day • thus--- so • come---go