This document discusses different methods for applying styles in CSS, including inline styles within HTML elements, embedded styles in the <head> section, and external style sheets linked via the <link> tag. It covers CSS selectors like element, id, and class selectors that allow targeting specific elements by type, id, or class for styling. External style sheets defined in separate .css files can affect all pages using the same selectors, while inline and embedded styles are local to the individual page.