Cloud computing & it’s applications in library systems
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The document discusses the benefits and applications of cloud computing in library systems, highlighting how it streamlines resource management, enhances accessibility, and reduces costs. It outlines various cloud service models such as IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS, and describes their specific applications in libraries, including digital libraries, library automation, and community building. Additionally, it presents examples of organizations implementing cloud solutions to improve service delivery and resource sharing in libraries.
![IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 45
CLOUD COMPUTING & IT’S APPLICATIONS IN LIBRARY SYSTEMS
Neeraj Tyagi1
, Nidhi Passi2
, Sumit Kumar Baberwal3
1
Associate Professor, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, Delhi University, Delhi, India
2
Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University, Delhi, India
3
Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University, Delhi, India
Abstract
Cloud computing is the buzzword in today’s businesses and organizations. It gives the benefit of hosting your files on a network
that could be accessed anywhere anytime rather than hosting on a local server which has limitations of availability and
connectivity. It thus, is a memory and time saving process. Our paper defines what makes cloud computing so different and how
its solution benefits the library system. This study also reveals the opportunities it brings for the library system by connecting
services with cloud. It can help to re-invent the library services in a more effective, compatible and user–centric way.
Keywords: Cloud Computing, Digital Library, Cloud Models, Services, Applications in Library Systems
--------------------------------------------------------------------***----------------------------------------------------------------------
1. INTRODUCTION
Cloud computing is the technology which by the concept of
ubiquitous computing helps in accessing the data in a more
efficient way. It requires an internet connection. Basic
requirements like cost of purchasing & repairing of
hardware, software‟s etc could be eliminated through this
technology. It rather gives a platform to directly use the
resources in terms of cloud i.e. a paradigm shift of
information technology and computing where all the
services are available in virtualized form to the clients.
Important point is “pay as use” users will only pay when
they use that service, hence making it more cost effective.
This concept accessing resources in a virtualized form is
implemented by these service models—IaaS (Infrastructure
as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a service) & SaaS (Software
as a Service). Today may organizations and businesses are
moving towards this trend of using cloud services. [1]
2. CLOUD MODELS USED FOR DEPLOYMENT
Cloud Computing can be deployed based on different
models as per requirement.
2.1 Public Cloud
Cloud service on a public network providing local or public
support i.e. the virtualized resources & data centre is
transparent to the end user. Public access of shared
resources is provided in this deployment.
2.2 Private Cloud
In this public cloud services are made dedicated to certain
users only making it private to them. Using this model,
organizations being the sole owner of particular section can
more efficiently manage their corporate data. The data is
considered to be more secure this way as the information is
on a private cloud accessed by the dedicated user only.
2.3 Community Cloud
Requirements specific to a particular set of users is gathered
and deployed on a common cloud making a community. It
could be considered as a public cloud service designed for
researchers working on a joint venture.
2.4 Hybrid Cloud
It combines the different deployment models to form a
dynamic and more efficient way of sharing resources. This
approach is generally considered by organizations during
outsourcing data.
3. SERVICES PROVIDED BY CLOUD
COMPUTING
3.1 Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas)
This model provides the entire necessary infrastructure like
computers, hard-disks, networks-storage, computing
resources etc. to a company in the virtualized form. User can
access the resources; run software‟s & performs deployment
without bothering about the management of Infrastructure.
The service provider is solely responsible for the
maintenance and management of equipments on-service.
3.2 Platform as a Service (Paas)
This model provides a platform to run different applications.
It could be considered as the most important model of cloud
computing as it is intermediate between the IaaS & SaaS.
3.3 Software as a Service (Saas)
This Model enables the use of different software
applications by the end user over the internet. All the
management & cost factors related to software like
licensing, updates etc are handled by the service provider
only.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cloudcomputingitsapplicationsinlibrarysystems-160906114358/85/Cloud-computing-amp-it-s-applications-in-library-systems-1-320.jpg)
![IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 46
4. CLOUD SERVICES IN LIBRARY SYSTEM
Library is the collection of different resources. The way new
additions are made in the library, it is very difficult to
manage everything with traditional management system.
New technologies are available to manage & distribute the
resources. Cloud computing uses the concept of centralising
the data on the internet further making it available to user,
anytime anywhere. Virtualized shared resources allow
multiple users to access the resources simultaneously. It
reduces the dependency of installation, maintenance, failure
of ICT infrastructure etc. Web repositories like E-journals &
digital libraries etc are created so that users can access the
global resources, helping the researchers/ educational
professionals.
Fig -1: Source [2] Architecture of a Digital Library System
4.1 Application of Cloud Computing in Libraries
The library system along with cloud computing helps in
saving time and money while amplifying it‟s power on the
web. The services of cloud computing may be applied on the
following areas:
4.1.1 Building Digital Library
An efficient way to manage resources, information and
library related services is to maintain a digital library. The
user may be facilitated access via network. Many open
source software are providing a platform to digital libraries
by hosting them locally. Duraspace uses digital library
services using SaaS approach eliminates the need of
maintaining a separate server, taking backups and software
updates for the same.
4.1.2 Searching Library Data
This could be provided with the help of collaborative
platform to help connect more easily. It may include a
repository, Innovation as well as a discussion platform
where resources, ideas and problems may be shared for
better decision making.
4.1.3 Library Automation
This helps in saving the cost of maintenance and investment
on hardware and software resources. Libraries don‟t have to
worry about software updates backup etc. This all may be
taken care by a centralised cloud service like SaaS.
4.1.4 Search Services
Many open source solutions are providing services in this
regard. They use context-sensitive links to jump from
citation in an abstract or indexed database to complete text.
„OpenURL providers‟ is such a key service on the cloud.
4.1.5 Website Hosting
In spite of maintaining their own server many library
including organizations consider to host their websites
outside library server so that editors from varied geography
may access the site.
4.1.6 Searching Scholarly Content
Researchers may take great benefit from this service as
sharing of knowledge with peers along with discussions is
made easy by this. A widespread range of articles, journals,
e-books, patents and scholarly content may be accessed with
ease.
4.1.7 File Storage
The virtual sharing and accessing of files makes the real life
easy. Cloud computing makes possible the uploading and
downloading of information from anywhere anytime by
offering no maintenance, no-cost storage space. This further
helps in easy sync of documents across multiple devices and
elaborated work over the web in a collaborative way more
effective.
4.1.8 Building Community Power
This benefits not only the library related individuals but also
provides a medium to connect the information seekers on a
global level. More intellectual conversations along with
innovative ideas may be shared and implemented in a
powerful approach. The community cooperation further
helps in decision making, recognition, and providing timely
and efficient solutions for dynamic knowledge. [3], [4]
4.2 A Few Areas where Libraries are Implemented
using Cloud Computing
4.2.1 Online Computer Library Centre
OCLC is one of the cloud computing vendors, providing a
platform to access information. It‟s a research organization
designed to reduce the cost of accessing information
available globally. In this the Centralized data is managed
by the cataloguing tools over the Internet. By maintaining a
centralized data source of catalog, multiple libraries can
access the resources simultaneously, increasing the sharing
of resources, hence reducing the time spent in individual](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cloudcomputingitsapplicationsinlibrarysystems-160906114358/85/Cloud-computing-amp-it-s-applications-in-library-systems-2-320.jpg)
![IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308
_______________________________________________________________________________________
Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 47
cataloguing of new material. Another example of cloud
computing architecture maintaining common catalog is
World Cat.
4.2.2 Library Thing
Tim Spalding is the originator of Library Thing designed to
combine aspects of Cloud computing & social networking.
Here people share interests, contribute information and
provide suggestions regarding the books, articles & various
resources. It allows the different users to interconnect with
each other globally. Libraries can access the database
regarding the recommendation of users to provide better
facility by paying fee.
4.2.3 Reed Elsevier
Provide scientific information to medical technicians.
Technical manuals, article content are hosted for the medical
personnel to get assistance. Data & applications are tied to
provide better facilities to practitioners.
4.2.4 CYBRARIAN
CYBRARIAN is a web based library used for automation &
management solution. It provides a platform where data is
stored in much more updated and secured form. Constant
backup of data is maintained at regular interval
automatically. A centralized database is maintained over a
remote server. Users can access & run this software, from a
normal PC having a browser, to carry out online
transactions, management of catalogues & reports, article
indexing etc. Only authorized users can access the library
resources.
4.2.5 OPAC
Online Public Access catalog is a general cataloguing
service used to maintain data records online. Users can
search books & other resources available physically in a
library. Other examples are Amazon, Google, Kindle,
Mobile Me services, DuraSpace, Chronopolis Project,
TerraPod. [5]
5. CONCLUSION
Cloud computing is benefitting the organizations in different
ways. And it is supporting more innovations because of its
existence. Whether it‟s about software updating, hardware
maintenance, space or time limitations, cloud computing has
a range of services to support the digital world. Libraries can
now pay full attention on gathering library resources rather
than paying attention on the technical aspects. Some
libraries in India implementing this concept are Digital
Library of India (hosted by ERNET, CMU, IIIT-H, NSF,
MCIT, IISB), and National Library (Ministry of Culture,
Government of India). More and more libraries may be
connected together to share resources, innovations and
feedbacks. It becomes feasible for the user to get a vast pool
of knowledge with easy accessibility, cost effectiveness and
scalability at the time of growing information. Shared data
and integrated, well collaborative services have helped
libraries to grow and take new leaps.
REFERNCES
[1] S. K. Baberwal and N. Passi, "CLOUD
COMPUTING-“Hidden Vulnerabilities”," IRJMST,
pp. 147-153, 2014
[2] D. C. Y. I. G. K. P. P. S. R. H.-J. S. H. S. a. C. T.
Leonardo Candela, "Setting the Foundations of
Digital Libraries," vol. 13, 2007.
[3] K. Anna Kaushik, "Application of Cloud Computing
in Libraries," International Journal of Information
Dissemination and Technology, vol. 3, no. 4, pp.
270-273, October-December 2013.
[4] D. A. K. Dr. ADARSH N GOKUL, "Cloud
Computing and its Application in Libraries".
[5] P. K. J. Lakhmi Chand Goyal, "Cloud Computing: an
Overview and its impact on Libraries," International
Journal of Next Generation Computer Applications,
vol. 1, no. 1, September 2012.
[6] M. Goldner, "Winds of Change:Libraries and Cloud
Computing," OCLC Online Computer Library
Center, 2010.
[7] P. S. S. S. B. D. PROF. NANDKISHOR GOSAVI,
"USE OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN LIBRARY
AND INFORMATION SCIENCE FIELD,"
International Journal of Digital Library Services, vol.
2, no. 3, July-September 2012.
[8] N. Joint, "Strategic approaches to digital libraries and
virtual learning environments (VLEs)," Emerald
Group Publishing Limited, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 5-9,
2005.
[9] M. YUVARAJ, "Cloud Computing Applications in
Indian Central University libraries: A study of
librarians` use," Library Philosophy and Practice,
2013.
[10] M. R. R. Dr. Atul Gosai, "CLOUD COMPUTING: A
NEW PARADIGM FOR E-LIBRARY," JOURNAL
OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND
RESEARCH IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND
APPLICATIONS, vol. 2, no. 2.
[11] D. G. Chandra, "Library Automation in Cloud".](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/cloudcomputingitsapplicationsinlibrarysystems-160906114358/85/Cloud-computing-amp-it-s-applications-in-library-systems-3-320.jpg)
Cloud computing & it’s applications in library systems
- 1. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 45 CLOUD COMPUTING & IT’S APPLICATIONS IN LIBRARY SYSTEMS Neeraj Tyagi1 , Nidhi Passi2 , Sumit Kumar Baberwal3 1 Associate Professor, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya College, Delhi University, Delhi, India 2 Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University, Delhi, India 3 Assistant Professor, Keshav Mahavidyalaya, Delhi University, Delhi, India Abstract Cloud computing is the buzzword in today’s businesses and organizations. It gives the benefit of hosting your files on a network that could be accessed anywhere anytime rather than hosting on a local server which has limitations of availability and connectivity. It thus, is a memory and time saving process. Our paper defines what makes cloud computing so different and how its solution benefits the library system. This study also reveals the opportunities it brings for the library system by connecting services with cloud. It can help to re-invent the library services in a more effective, compatible and user–centric way. Keywords: Cloud Computing, Digital Library, Cloud Models, Services, Applications in Library Systems --------------------------------------------------------------------***---------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. INTRODUCTION Cloud computing is the technology which by the concept of ubiquitous computing helps in accessing the data in a more efficient way. It requires an internet connection. Basic requirements like cost of purchasing & repairing of hardware, software‟s etc could be eliminated through this technology. It rather gives a platform to directly use the resources in terms of cloud i.e. a paradigm shift of information technology and computing where all the services are available in virtualized form to the clients. Important point is “pay as use” users will only pay when they use that service, hence making it more cost effective. This concept accessing resources in a virtualized form is implemented by these service models—IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service), PaaS (Platform as a service) & SaaS (Software as a Service). Today may organizations and businesses are moving towards this trend of using cloud services. [1] 2. CLOUD MODELS USED FOR DEPLOYMENT Cloud Computing can be deployed based on different models as per requirement. 2.1 Public Cloud Cloud service on a public network providing local or public support i.e. the virtualized resources & data centre is transparent to the end user. Public access of shared resources is provided in this deployment. 2.2 Private Cloud In this public cloud services are made dedicated to certain users only making it private to them. Using this model, organizations being the sole owner of particular section can more efficiently manage their corporate data. The data is considered to be more secure this way as the information is on a private cloud accessed by the dedicated user only. 2.3 Community Cloud Requirements specific to a particular set of users is gathered and deployed on a common cloud making a community. It could be considered as a public cloud service designed for researchers working on a joint venture. 2.4 Hybrid Cloud It combines the different deployment models to form a dynamic and more efficient way of sharing resources. This approach is generally considered by organizations during outsourcing data. 3. SERVICES PROVIDED BY CLOUD COMPUTING 3.1 Infrastructure as a Service (Iaas) This model provides the entire necessary infrastructure like computers, hard-disks, networks-storage, computing resources etc. to a company in the virtualized form. User can access the resources; run software‟s & performs deployment without bothering about the management of Infrastructure. The service provider is solely responsible for the maintenance and management of equipments on-service. 3.2 Platform as a Service (Paas) This model provides a platform to run different applications. It could be considered as the most important model of cloud computing as it is intermediate between the IaaS & SaaS. 3.3 Software as a Service (Saas) This Model enables the use of different software applications by the end user over the internet. All the management & cost factors related to software like licensing, updates etc are handled by the service provider only.
- 2. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 46 4. CLOUD SERVICES IN LIBRARY SYSTEM Library is the collection of different resources. The way new additions are made in the library, it is very difficult to manage everything with traditional management system. New technologies are available to manage & distribute the resources. Cloud computing uses the concept of centralising the data on the internet further making it available to user, anytime anywhere. Virtualized shared resources allow multiple users to access the resources simultaneously. It reduces the dependency of installation, maintenance, failure of ICT infrastructure etc. Web repositories like E-journals & digital libraries etc are created so that users can access the global resources, helping the researchers/ educational professionals. Fig -1: Source [2] Architecture of a Digital Library System 4.1 Application of Cloud Computing in Libraries The library system along with cloud computing helps in saving time and money while amplifying it‟s power on the web. The services of cloud computing may be applied on the following areas: 4.1.1 Building Digital Library An efficient way to manage resources, information and library related services is to maintain a digital library. The user may be facilitated access via network. Many open source software are providing a platform to digital libraries by hosting them locally. Duraspace uses digital library services using SaaS approach eliminates the need of maintaining a separate server, taking backups and software updates for the same. 4.1.2 Searching Library Data This could be provided with the help of collaborative platform to help connect more easily. It may include a repository, Innovation as well as a discussion platform where resources, ideas and problems may be shared for better decision making. 4.1.3 Library Automation This helps in saving the cost of maintenance and investment on hardware and software resources. Libraries don‟t have to worry about software updates backup etc. This all may be taken care by a centralised cloud service like SaaS. 4.1.4 Search Services Many open source solutions are providing services in this regard. They use context-sensitive links to jump from citation in an abstract or indexed database to complete text. „OpenURL providers‟ is such a key service on the cloud. 4.1.5 Website Hosting In spite of maintaining their own server many library including organizations consider to host their websites outside library server so that editors from varied geography may access the site. 4.1.6 Searching Scholarly Content Researchers may take great benefit from this service as sharing of knowledge with peers along with discussions is made easy by this. A widespread range of articles, journals, e-books, patents and scholarly content may be accessed with ease. 4.1.7 File Storage The virtual sharing and accessing of files makes the real life easy. Cloud computing makes possible the uploading and downloading of information from anywhere anytime by offering no maintenance, no-cost storage space. This further helps in easy sync of documents across multiple devices and elaborated work over the web in a collaborative way more effective. 4.1.8 Building Community Power This benefits not only the library related individuals but also provides a medium to connect the information seekers on a global level. More intellectual conversations along with innovative ideas may be shared and implemented in a powerful approach. The community cooperation further helps in decision making, recognition, and providing timely and efficient solutions for dynamic knowledge. [3], [4] 4.2 A Few Areas where Libraries are Implemented using Cloud Computing 4.2.1 Online Computer Library Centre OCLC is one of the cloud computing vendors, providing a platform to access information. It‟s a research organization designed to reduce the cost of accessing information available globally. In this the Centralized data is managed by the cataloguing tools over the Internet. By maintaining a centralized data source of catalog, multiple libraries can access the resources simultaneously, increasing the sharing of resources, hence reducing the time spent in individual
- 3. IJRET: International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology eISSN: 2319-1163 | pISSN: 2321-7308 _______________________________________________________________________________________ Volume: 04 Issue: 07 | July-2015, Available @ http://www.ijret.org 47 cataloguing of new material. Another example of cloud computing architecture maintaining common catalog is World Cat. 4.2.2 Library Thing Tim Spalding is the originator of Library Thing designed to combine aspects of Cloud computing & social networking. Here people share interests, contribute information and provide suggestions regarding the books, articles & various resources. It allows the different users to interconnect with each other globally. Libraries can access the database regarding the recommendation of users to provide better facility by paying fee. 4.2.3 Reed Elsevier Provide scientific information to medical technicians. Technical manuals, article content are hosted for the medical personnel to get assistance. Data & applications are tied to provide better facilities to practitioners. 4.2.4 CYBRARIAN CYBRARIAN is a web based library used for automation & management solution. It provides a platform where data is stored in much more updated and secured form. Constant backup of data is maintained at regular interval automatically. A centralized database is maintained over a remote server. Users can access & run this software, from a normal PC having a browser, to carry out online transactions, management of catalogues & reports, article indexing etc. Only authorized users can access the library resources. 4.2.5 OPAC Online Public Access catalog is a general cataloguing service used to maintain data records online. Users can search books & other resources available physically in a library. Other examples are Amazon, Google, Kindle, Mobile Me services, DuraSpace, Chronopolis Project, TerraPod. [5] 5. CONCLUSION Cloud computing is benefitting the organizations in different ways. And it is supporting more innovations because of its existence. Whether it‟s about software updating, hardware maintenance, space or time limitations, cloud computing has a range of services to support the digital world. Libraries can now pay full attention on gathering library resources rather than paying attention on the technical aspects. Some libraries in India implementing this concept are Digital Library of India (hosted by ERNET, CMU, IIIT-H, NSF, MCIT, IISB), and National Library (Ministry of Culture, Government of India). More and more libraries may be connected together to share resources, innovations and feedbacks. It becomes feasible for the user to get a vast pool of knowledge with easy accessibility, cost effectiveness and scalability at the time of growing information. Shared data and integrated, well collaborative services have helped libraries to grow and take new leaps. REFERNCES [1] S. K. Baberwal and N. Passi, "CLOUD COMPUTING-“Hidden Vulnerabilities”," IRJMST, pp. 147-153, 2014 [2] D. C. Y. I. G. K. P. P. S. R. H.-J. S. H. S. a. C. T. Leonardo Candela, "Setting the Foundations of Digital Libraries," vol. 13, 2007. [3] K. Anna Kaushik, "Application of Cloud Computing in Libraries," International Journal of Information Dissemination and Technology, vol. 3, no. 4, pp. 270-273, October-December 2013. [4] D. A. K. Dr. ADARSH N GOKUL, "Cloud Computing and its Application in Libraries". [5] P. K. J. Lakhmi Chand Goyal, "Cloud Computing: an Overview and its impact on Libraries," International Journal of Next Generation Computer Applications, vol. 1, no. 1, September 2012. [6] M. Goldner, "Winds of Change:Libraries and Cloud Computing," OCLC Online Computer Library Center, 2010. [7] P. S. S. S. B. D. PROF. NANDKISHOR GOSAVI, "USE OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN LIBRARY AND INFORMATION SCIENCE FIELD," International Journal of Digital Library Services, vol. 2, no. 3, July-September 2012. [8] N. Joint, "Strategic approaches to digital libraries and virtual learning environments (VLEs)," Emerald Group Publishing Limited, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 5-9, 2005. [9] M. YUVARAJ, "Cloud Computing Applications in Indian Central University libraries: A study of librarians` use," Library Philosophy and Practice, 2013. [10] M. R. R. Dr. Atul Gosai, "CLOUD COMPUTING: A NEW PARADIGM FOR E-LIBRARY," JOURNAL OF INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE AND RESEARCH IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND APPLICATIONS, vol. 2, no. 2. [11] D. G. Chandra, "Library Automation in Cloud".