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Clsfn Of Animals
- 1. Classification of Animals By Uma Raikwar
- 2. Why classify? Think of three examples where we group things. Why do we group these things?
- 3. Taxonomy Animals are classified in different groups according to their similarities and differences . This is called “taxonomy”.
- 4. Classifying Living Things We put livings things into two large groups: Plants Animals
- 5. Animals Animals are spilt into two major groups: Invertebrates Vertebrates
- 6. Invertebrates These are animals without a backbone There are eight groups of invertebrates Porifera Coelentrata Platyhelminthes Nemathelminthes Annelida Arthropoda mollusca Echinodermata
- 7. Porifera-Sponges Have bodies made of loosely joined cells
- 9. Porifera Latin; Porous – a pore , ferre – to bear Body has numerous pores called ostia and single large pore called osculum . Aquatic, mostly marine, few in fresh water. Mostly asymmetrical. Attached to the substratum, hence sessile .
- 10. Coelentrata Have thin sack like bodies Have tentacles
- 11. Coelentrata (Cnidaria) Greek: Koilas- hollow + intestine Cnidaria – stinging cells Cylindrical – Polyp or umbrella like - medusa. Mostly marine some are found in fresh water. Solitary or colonial animals. Radially symmetrical and diploblastic. Mouth surrounded by tentacles having stinging cells.
- 12. Platyhelminthes Have flat worm like bodies
- 13. Planaria
- 14. Platyhelminthes Greek: Platys – flat + helminthes – worm. Dorsoventrally flattened body. Endoparasites, whereas few are free living. Triploblastic- ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm. Hermophrodite- male and female gonads in same animal.
- 15. Nematoda Have long thin round worm like bodies Have bodies with no segments
- 16. Nemathelminthes (Nematoda) Greek: nema- thread + helminthes – worm Long, slender & cylindrical. Free living or endoparasitic. Triploblastic, body covered with cuticle. Unisexual.
- 17. Annelida Have elongated bodies divided into segments
- 18. Annelida Latin: Annulus- a little ring Elongated, cylindrical, segmented. Mostly free living, some are ectoparasites. Triploblastic, bilaterally symmetrical, coelomates. Setae (microscopic) for locomotion. Hermaphrodites, sometimes separate sexes.
- 19. Arthropoda Have lots of legs and segmented bodies. There are four group of arthropods: Arachnids Myriapoda-Centipedes & Millipedes Crustaceans Insects
- 20. Arthropods - Arachnid Have four pairs of legs. Have bodies divided into two sections
- 21. Arthropods – Centipedes & Millipedes Have long thin bodies and pairs of legs on each of their many body sections
- 22. Arthropods - Crustacean Have five-seven pairs of legs First pair often used as pincers Bodies covered in shell
- 23. Arthropods - Insects Have three pairs of legs Bodies divided into three sections Often have wings
- 24. Mollusca Crawl on a single fleshy pad. Can have a shell
- 25. Mollusca Latin: mollis: soft Aquatic or terrestrial. Triploblastic, coelomate. Unsegmented & soft body. Bilateral symmetry Large muscular foot for locomotion. Body covered with thick mantle which secretes calcareous shell. Sexes are separate.
- 26. Echinoderms Have bodies divided into five parts Have spiny outer covering
- 27. Echinodermata Greek: Echinos – spines + derma- skin Marine dwelling. Triploblastic, radial symmetry in adults. Spines for defence and locomotion. Sexes are separate.
- 28. Protochordata
- 29. Protochordata Half chordates Body is divisible into three regions: Proboscis, collar and trunk One to many gill-clefts Sexes are separate or may be hermaphrodites.
- 31. Vertebrates These are animals with a backbone. There are six groups of vertebrates: Cyclostomata Pisces Amphibia Reptilia Aves Mammalia
- 32. Cyclostomata
- 33. Cyclostomata Suctorial mouth without jaws. Skin is soft without scales. Paired appendages – absent Cartileginous endoskeleton. Mostly ectoparasites.
- 34. Pisces Have wet scales Lays eggs in water Lives in water
- 35. Marine biologists conserving sharks along the Gujarat coast
- 36. Pisces Cold blooded, aquatic- marine or fresh water Body is streamlined and boat shaped. Paired or unpaired fins present. Tail fin used as rudder. Endoskeleton – cartilaginous / bony. Exoskeleton in the form of scales. Respiration by gills, eyes without eyelids.
- 37. Amphibia Have moist skin Lay jelly coated eggs in water Lives on land and water
- 38. Amphibia Cold blooded freshwater and terrestrial forms. Larva- in water and adult on land. Two pairs of limbs and clawless digits. Skin is moist- mucus glands. External ear absent, eardrum present. Protruding eyes with eyelids.
- 39. Reptilia Have dry scales Lay leathery shelled eggs Cold blooded
- 40. Sea snake
- 41. Reptilia Completely terrestrial. Cold blooded. Underdeveloped limbs, hence crawl. Skin is dry and bear bony scales or plates. Digits are clawed.
- 42. Aves Have feathers and hollow bones Lay hard shelled eggs Warm blooded
- 43. Aves Aerial mode of life. Warm blooded. Body is streamlined and spindle shaped. Forelimbs- modified into wings Digits are clawed & covered with scales. Endoskeleton made of bones which are hollow. Exoskeleton- of feathers, beak prominent.
- 44. Mammalia Have hair and produce milk Give birth to live offspring (no eggs) Warm blooded
- 45. Mammalia Presence of mammary glands. Warm blooded animals Body divisible into head, neck trunk and tail Digits are provided with nails, claws, or hooves Endoskeleton is bony Exoskeleton – hairs or fur External ear present
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