Coal is a black or brown sedimentary rock formed from the compression of dead plant matter over millions of years. It exists in various forms from peat to anthracite depending on the level of compression. Coal provides over 7 million jobs and is a primary source of electricity generation worldwide due to its low cost and abundance. However, coal mining and combustion produce environmental impacts like acid rain, pollution of water sources, and health hazards. While coal fueled the Industrial Revolution, its use now needs to decline to avoid catastrophic climate change, making a transition to renewable energy sources necessary.