Cognition Decision behaviour - Dr Adrian Banks
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The document discusses the psychology of decision-making, emphasizing the role of cognition and heuristics in making choices. It highlights biases that can distort our assessments and introduces the importance of storytelling in understanding evidence and context. The piece concludes that improving our decision-making ability requires deliberate practice and experience in navigating alternative narratives.
Cognition Decision behaviour - Dr Adrian Banks
- 1. Neuroscience Steady State Ready State: Cognition, Decision and Behaviour B h i CPD for L&D professionals #CIPDLRN © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 2. Mike Morrison RapidBI.com R idBI © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD #CIPDLRN
- 3. Today's Speakers y p John McGurk Adviser: Learning and Talent Development CIPD Dr Adrian B k D Ad i Banks School of Psychology University of S U i it f Surrey © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD #CIPDLRN
- 4. Q A Martin Couzins Type question here Editor Learnpatch.com Q&A Support
- 5. Neuroscience Steady State Ready State: Cognition, Decision and Behaviour Dr Adrian Banks University of Surrey University of Surrey © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 6. Making Good Choices Making Good Choices • In most situations we have a choice • What we decide to do determines where we end up • How do we make these d k h choices? • How can we make better How can we make better choices? © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 7. The History of Decision Making The History of Decision Making 0.5 { } 0.5 analytic pessimistic optimistic © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 8. Uncertain Choices Uncertain Choices 1. How likely is this to happen? 1 How likely is this to happen? expected utility = likelihood x benefit d ili lik lih d b fi 2. What are the benefits? Our assessment of both of these is O fb h f h i distorted, leading to systematic errors or biases e.g. • Certainty effect • Losses loom larger than gains disposition effect sunk cost effect k t ff t © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 9. Coping with Complexity Coping with Complexity Heuristics are simple strategies to manage complexity or reduce mental effort e.g. g satisficing Are you more likely to die of a Are you more likely to die of a shark attack or a falling aeroplane part? Are aeroplanes safer than cars? © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 10. Which US City has More Inhabitants? Which US City has More Inhabitants? San Diego Simple heuristics that are adapted to the environment can be very effective San Antonio S A t i © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 11. Expertise: 10,000 ish hours Expertise: 10,000‐ish hours • Experts have extensive domain knowledge • Stored in templates which are used to identify typical scenarios • Templates also allow more complex analysis of consequences • Acquired through deliberate practice © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 12. Telling Stories Telling Stories • Jurors fit the evidence into a story • But they also fill in the gaps to make the story coherent • With experience, this h h information may be valid • Without, it can lead to bias Without, it can lead to bias © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 13. In Two Minds In Two Minds • Should we rely on y intuitive heuristics or analytic reason? • We need both db h • Automatic cognitive processes cue up the processes cue up the key information p • Controlled processes organise it into meaningful stories © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 14. Out of Our Minds Out of Our Minds • Much cognition takes place outside our head • Our skill is not in making the decision, but in controlling the tools to decide for us the tools to decide for us • Default settings and constraints of tools can subtly influence the outcome © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 15. Decision Fatigue Decision Fatigue • Self control is a limited resource • Resisting biscuits now causes failures later • But look for performance l kf f decrement in the secondary tasks © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
- 16. Summary • We are story tellers and we decide based on We are story tellers and we decide based on our stories instead of just the facts • With experience, we know what stories to With experience, we know what stories to expect and we fill in the gaps accurately with automatic cognitive processes • Without experience, we should actively seek alternative stories • Only by practicing this deliberately and extensively will we improve © Dr Adrian Banks – 2013 RapidBI|CIPD
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