Common types of urinary alterations
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This document outlines and describes common types of urinary alterations including their symptoms and potential causes. It discusses urinary urgency, dysuria, frequency, hesitancy, polyuria, oliguria, nocturia, dribbling, incontinence, hematuria, retention, and residual urine. For each alteration, it provides a brief definition and lists medical conditions or other factors that could cause the specific urinary symptom.
Common types of urinary alterations
- 3. Urgency – Feeling of need to void immediately
- 4. Cause of urinary urgency – Full bladder – Infection and irritation of the bladder – Hyperactive bladder – Psychological stress
- 5. Dysuria – Painful or difficult urination
- 6. Causes if dysuria – Inflammation of the bladder – Trauma or inflammation if urethral sphincter
- 7. Frequency – Voiding at frequent intervals (less than 2 hrs)
- 8. Causes of urinary frequency – High amount of fluid intake – Bladder inflammation – Increased pressure in bladder – Diuretic medications therapy
- 9. Hesitancy – Difficulty initiating urination
- 10. Causes if hesitancy – BPH – Anxiety – Urethral edema
- 11. Polyuria – Voiding or passing large amount of urine
- 12. Causes of polyuria – Large amounts of fluid intake – Diabetes mellitus ( DM) – Diabetes insipedus – Using of diuretic medications
- 13. Oliguria – Decreased urinary output less than 400 ml/24 hrs
- 14. Causes of oliguria – Severe dehydration – Renal failure – UTI – Increased ADH secretion – CHF
- 15. Nocturia – Voiding one or more times especially at night
- 16. Causes of nocturia – Large amount of fluid intake before going to bed – Renal disease – Aging process – BPH
- 17. Dribbling – Leakage if urine despite voluntary control of urination
- 18. Causes of dribbling – Stress incontinence – Over flow from urinary retention
- 19. Incontinence – Involuntary loss of urine
- 20. Causes if incontinence – Loss if pelvic muscle tone – Fecal impaction – Neurological impairment – Overactive bladder
- 21. Hematuria – Blood in urine
- 22. Retention – Accumulation of urine in the bladder,with inability if bladder to empty fully
- 23. Causes of retention – Urethral obstruction – Decreased sensory activity – Neurogenic bladder – BPH – Post anesthesia effects – Medications side effects
- 24. Residual urine – Volume if urine remaining after voiding more than 100ml
- 25. Causes – Inflammation and irritation if bladder mucosa from infection – Neurogenic bladder – BPH – Trauma and inflammation of the urethra
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