Communication protocols
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The document explains communication protocols, defining them as rules for data exchange between electronic devices. It distinguishes between inter system protocols, like UART, USART, USB, and intra system protocols, such as I2C, SPI, and CAN, each serving different communication needs. Key features and examples of each protocol are outlined, emphasizing aspects like data transmission methods and requirements.
Communication protocols
- 1. COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS By: Piyush Bhardwaj VI Sem (Ece)
- 2. • Exchange of information from one system to another system with a medium is called a Communication. Communication • A set of rules and regulations is called a Protocol.Protocol • A set of rules and regulations that allow two electronic devices to connect to exchange the data with one and another. Communication Protocol INTRODUCTION Communication Protocols 2
- 3. Inter System Protocol Used to communicate between two different devices Intra System Protocol Used to communicate between two devices within the circuit board TYPES OF ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATION PROTOCOLS Communication Protocols 3
- 4. The inter system protocol is used to communicate between two different devices. Eg. Communication between computer and microcontroller kit. This is achieved through a inter bus system. INTER SYSTEM PROTOCOL Communication Protocols 4
- 5. UART Protocol USART Protocol USB Protocol Communication Protocols 5 DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF INTER SYSTEM PROTOCOL
- 6. UART PROTOCOL UART stands for UNIVERSAL ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER. UART Protocol is a serial communication with two wired protocol. The data cable signal lines are labeled as Rx and Tx. Serial communication is commonly used for transmitting and receiving the signal. It transfers and receives the data serially bit by bit without class pulses. The UART take bytes of data and send the individual bits in sequential manner. UART is a half duplex protocol. Half duplex means transferring and receiving the data but not at a same time. Ex: Emails, SMS, Walkie-talkie. Communication Protocols 6
- 7. USART PROTOCOL USART stands for UNIVERSAL SYNCHRONOUS AND ASYNCHRONOUS TRANSMITTER AND RECEIVER. It is a serial communication of two wire protocol. The data cable signal lines are labeled as Rx and Tx. This protocol is used for transmitting and receiving the data byte by byte along with the clock pulses. It is a full-duplex protocol means transmitting and receiving data simultaneously to different board rates. Different devices communicate with microcontroller to this protocol. Ex:-Telecommunications. Communication Protocols 7
- 8. USB PROTOCOL USB stands for UNIVERSAL SERIAL BUS. Again it is a serial communication of two wire protocol. The data cable signal lines are labeled as ‘D+’ and ‘D-’. This protocol is used to communicate with the system peripherals. USB protocol is used to send and receive the data serially to the host and peripheral devices. USB communication requires a driver software which is based on the functionality of the system. USB device can transfer data on the bus without any request on the host computer. Ex: Mouse, Keyboard, Hubs, switches, pen drive. Communication Protocols 8
- 9. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE INTER SYSTEM PROTOCOLS Communication Protocols 9
- 10. INTRA SYSTEM PROTOCOL The Intra system protocol is used to communicate the two devices within the circuit board. While using this intra system protocols, without going to intra system protocols we will expand the peripherals of the microcontroller. The circuit complexity and power consumption will be increased by using intra system protocol. Using intra system protocols circuit complexity and power consumption and cost is decreased. Communication Protocols 10
- 11. DIFFERENT CATEGORIES OF INTRA SYSTEM PROTOCOL I2C Protocol SPI Protocol CAN Protocol Communication Protocols 11
- 12. INTER-INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (i2C) PROTOCOL i2C requires only two wires connecting all peripherals to microcontroller. i2C requires two wires SDA (serial data line) and SCL (serial clock line) to carry information between devices. It is a master to slave communication protocol. Each slave has a unique address. Master device sends the address of the target slave device and read/write flag. The address is matched to any slave device and if that device is ON, remaining slave devices are in disable mode. Once the address is matched, communication proceeds between master and that slave device and transmitting and receiving the data starts. The transmitter sends 8-bit data, the receiver replies 1-bit of acknowledgement. When the communication is completed master issues the stop condition. I2C requires only two wires for connecting all the peripherals to the microcontroller. Communication Protocols 12
- 13. I2C PULL-UP RESISTORS Why given the pull-up resisters in I2C SCL and SDA line. Both SDA and SCL lines are open drain drivers. Its can be drive output low cannot driver it high. For the lines to be able to go high you must provide pull-up resistors Communication Protocols 13
- 14. SPI PROTOCOL SPI stands for SERIAL PERIPHERAL INTERFACE. It is one of the serial communication protocol developed by Motorola. Some times SPI protocol is also called a 4-wire protocol. It requires four wires MOSI, MISO, SS, and SCLK. SPI protocol is used to communicate the master and slave devices. The master first configures the clock using a frequency. The master then selects the particular slave device for communication by pulling the chip select button. That particular device is selected and starts the communication between master and that particular slave. The master select only one slave at a time. It is full duplex communication protocol. Communication Protocols 14
- 15. CAN PROTOCOL CAN stands for CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK. It is a serial communication protocol. It require two wires CAN High (H+) and CAN low (H-). It was developed by the Robert bosh company in 1985 for vehicle networks. It is based on a message oriented transmission protocol. Communication Protocols 15
- 16. DIFFERENCES BETWEEN THE INTER SYSTEM PROTOCOLS Communication Protocols 16