Components of Computer System
4 likes308 views
This document discusses the components of a computer system. It outlines that a computer system has two main components: computer hardware and computer software. The computer hardware includes the input, output, and system units. The input unit consists of devices like the keyboard and mouse that are used to enter data. The output unit includes displays and printers that present the processed data to users. The system unit houses the core computer components like the motherboard, RAM, and hard drive. Computer software is divided into system software and application software. System software manages the computer hardware, while application software is used by users to perform tasks. The document also describes the main parts and functions of the central processing unit and memory in a computer system.
Components of Computer System
- 1. Lecture no : 7 Introduction to Computer/ Computer Education Mr. Muhammad Moazzam MPhil Public Health BSc BioMedical University of the Lahore
- 2. Content • Components of Computer System
- 3. Computer Components A computer is a device that accept data and processes it for some result based on a sequence of instructions. The sequence of instruction given to computer for manipulating data is known as program
- 4. Components of Computer System They are two basic components of a computer system • Computer Hardware • Computer Software
- 5. Computer Hardware The physical parts of the computer system that you can touch and feel are known as Computer Hardware. Computer hardware divided into following hardware parts • Input Unit • Output Unit • System Unit
- 6. Input Unit Input unit of a system consists of input devices. Different type of input devices use to input data in different forms e.g. • Keyboard is used to entre textual data • Mouse is used as a pointing device and to trigger different commands in different application • Microphone is used to entre voice data
- 7. Input Unit
- 8. Output Unit Output unit of a computer system consist of output devices. As data presented to the user in different forms, therefore different output devices are needed e.g. • Monitor is used to display text and image on a screen • Printer is used to get output on paper • Speaker is used to receive voice output
- 9. Output Unit
- 10. System unit System unit contains a number of other components which are enclosed in a casting. Casting available into two form : • Vertical shape (tower casing) • Horizontal shape (desktop casing) System unit have motherboard, RAM, hard disk drive ,floppy disk, microprocessor etc
- 11. System unit
- 12. Computer Software Computer software or program is a term used for organized collections of computer data and instructions. It is a set of instructions given to the computer to solve a particular problem. It divided into two major types • System software • Application software
- 13. System software System software refer to the program that are responsible for controlling and managing the actual operations of the computer hardware. It consists of an operating system and some fundamental utilities such as disk formatters, file managers, display managers and user authentication(login)
- 14. System software
- 15. Application Software Application software is used to perform tasks specified by the user. Application software consist of a single program, such as an image viewer or a collection of programs(called software package) that work together to perform a task .e.g. word processor,spreadsheet,database etc
- 17. Difference between System Software and Application Software System Software and Application Software • System software is used for operating computer hardware. Application software is used by user to perform specific task. • System software are installed on the computer when operating system is installed. Application software are installed according to user’s requirements.
- 18. System Software and Application Software • In general, the user does not interact with system software because it works in the background. In general, the user interacts with application software. • System software can run independently. It provides platform for running application software. Application software can’t run independently. They can’t run without the presence of system software.
- 19. Organization of Computer A computer performs following five major functions: • Accept data • Stores data • Process data as required by the user • Gives results in the form of output • Controls all operations inside a computer
- 20. Organization of Computer To perform following operations; the computer is divided into three units. These are • Central processing unit(CPU) • Memory unit • Input/output Unit
- 21. Central Processing Unit(CPU) The central processing unit is generally referred to as the brain of the computer. The primary work of CPU is to convert data from input, process the data and output in useful information that can be used by either user or other computer programs.
- 22. Memory unit Memory unit is also referred to as Computer memory. It used to store programs and data. They are two types: • Main storage or primary memory • Secondary storage
- 23. Memory unit Main storage: Primary Memory also called as volatile memory because the memory can’t store the data permanently. Primary memory select any part of memory when user want to save the data in memory but that may not be store permanently on that location. It also has another name i.e. RAM.
- 24. Memory unit Secondary storage: Secondary memory is external and permanent memory that is useful to store the external storage media such as floppy disk, magnetic disks, magnetic tapes and USB etc
- 25. Memory unit
- 26. Input/output Devices When feed data and instructions through some devices to the computer are called Input devices. After processing data and instructions, give output through some devices called Output devices.