Comptia security-sy0-601-exam-objectives-(2-0)

CompTIA Security+
Certification Exam
Objectives
EXAM NUMBER: SY0-601

Candidates are encouraged to use this document to help prepare for the CompTIA
Security+ (SY0-601) certification exam. The CompTIA Security+ certification exam will
verify the successful candidate has the knowledge and skills required to:
• Assess the security posture of an enterprise environment and recommend
and implement appropriate security solutions
• Monitor and secure hybrid environments, including cloud, mobile, and IoT
• Operate with an awareness of applicable laws and policies, including
principles of governance, risk, and compliance
• Identify, analyze, and respond to security events and incidents
This is equivalent to two years of hands-on experience working in a security/systems administrator job role.
These content examples are meant to clarify the test objectives and should not be
construed as a comprehensive listing of all the content of this examination.
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results regarding the skills and knowledge required of an IT professional.
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PLEASE NOTE
The lists of examples provided in bulleted format are not exhaustive lists. Other examples of
technologies, processes, or tasks pertaining to each objective may also be included on the exam
although not listed or covered in this objectives document. CompTIA is constantly reviewing the
content of our exams and updating test questions to be sure our exams are current, and the security
of the questions is protected. When necessary, we will publish updated exams based on testing
exam objectives. Please know that all related exam preparation materials will still be valid.
About the Exam
CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam Objectives Version 3.0 (Exam Number: SY0-601)

TEST DETAILS
Required exam SY0-601
Number of questions Maximum of 90
Types of questions Multiple-choice and performance-based
Length of test 90 minutes
Recommended experience • At least 2 years of work experience
in IT systems administration with
a focus on security
• Hands-on technical information security experience
• Broad knowledge of security concepts
Passing score 750 (on a scale of 100–900)
EXAM OBJECTIVES (DOMAINS)
The table below lists the domains measured by this examination
and the extent to which they are represented:
DOMAIN PERCENTAGE OF EXAMINATION
1.0 Attacks, Threats, and Vulnerabilities 24%
2.0 Architecture and Design 21%
3.0 Implementation 25%
4.0 Operations and Incident Response 16%
5.0 Governance, Risk, and Compliance 14%
Total 100%

• Phishing
• Smishing
• Vishing
• Spam
• Spam over instant messaging (SPIM)
• Spear phishing
• Dumpster diving
• Shoulder surfing
• Pharming
• Tailgating
• Eliciting information
• Whaling
• Prepending
• Identity fraud
• Invoice scams
• Credential harvesting
• Reconnaissance
• Hoax
• Impersonation
• Watering hole attack
• Typosquatting
• Pretexting
• Influence campaigns
- Hybrid warfare
- Social media
• Principles (reasons for effectiveness)
- Authority
- Intimidation
- Consensus
- Scarcity
- Familiarity
- Trust
- Urgency
• Malware
- Ransomware
- Trojans
- Worms
-Potentiallyunwantedprograms(PUPs)
- Fileless virus
- Command and control
- Bots
- Cryptomalware
- Logic bombs
- Spyware
- Keyloggers
- Remote access Trojan (RAT)
- Rootkit
- Backdoor
• Password attacks
- Spraying
- Dictionary
- Brute force
- Offline
- Online
- Rainbow table
- Plaintext/unencrypted
• Physical attacks
- Malicious Universal
Serial Bus (USB) cable
- Malicious flash drive
- Card cloning
- Skimming
• Adversarial artificial intelligence (AI)
- Tainted training data for
machine learning (ML)
- Security of machine
learning algorithms
• Supply-chain attacks
• Cloud-based vs. on-premises attacks
• Cryptographic attacks
- Birthday
- Collision
- Downgrade
1.0 Threats, Attacks, and Vulnerabilities
Compare and contrast different types of social engineering techniques.
Given a scenario, analyze potential indicators
to determine the type of attack.
1.1
1.2

• Privilege escalation
• Cross-site scripting
• Injections
- Structured query language (SQL)
- Dynamic-link library (DLL)
- Lightweight Directory
Access Protocol (LDAP)
- Extensible Markup Language (XML)
• Pointer/object dereference
• Directory traversal
• Buffer overflows
• Race conditions
- Time of check/time of use
• Error handling
• Improper input handling
• Replay attack
- Session replays
• Integer overflow
• Request forgeries
- Server-side
- Cross-site
• Application programming
interface (API) attacks
• Resource exhaustion
• Memory leak
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) stripping
• Driver manipulation
- Shimming
- Refactoring
• Pass the hash
• Wireless
- Evil twin
- Rogue access point
- Bluesnarfing
- Bluejacking
- Disassociation
- Jamming
- Radio frequency identification (RFID)
- Near-field communication (NFC)
- Initialization vector (IV)
• On-path attack (previously
known as man-in-the-middle attack/
man-in-the-browser attack)
• Layer 2 attacks
- Address Resolution
Protocol (ARP) poisoning
- Media access control (MAC) flooding
- MAC cloning
• Domain name system (DNS)
- Domain hijacking
- DNS poisoning
- Uniform Resource
Locator (URL) redirection
- Domain reputation
• Distributed denial-of-service (DDoS)
- Network
- Application
- Operational technology (OT)
• Malicious code or script execution
- PowerShell
- Python
- Bash
- Macros
- Visual Basic for Applications (VBA)
associated with application attacks.
associated with network attacks.
1.3
1.4

• Cloud-based vs. on-premises
vulnerabilities
• Zero-day
• Weak configurations
- Open permissions
- Unsecure root accounts
- Errors
- Weak encryption
- Unsecure protocols
- Default settings
- Open ports and services
• Third-party risks
- Vendor management
- System integration
- Lack of vendor support
- Supply chain
- Outsourced code development
- Data storage
• Improper or weak patch management
- Firmware
- Operating system (OS)
- Applications
• Legacy platforms
• Impacts
- Data loss
- Data breaches
- Data exfiltration
- Identity theft
- Financial
- Reputation
- Availability loss
• Actors and threats
- Advanced persistent threat (APT)
- Insider threats
- State actors
- Hacktivists
- Script kiddies
- Criminal syndicates
- Hackers
- Authorized
- Unauthorized
- Semi-authorized
- Shadow IT
- Competitors
• Attributes of actors
- Internal/external
- Level of sophistication/capability
- Resources/funding
- Intent/motivation
• Vectors
- Direct access
- Wireless
- Email
- Supply chain
- Social media
- Removable media
- Cloud
• Threat intelligence sources
- Open-source intelligence (OSINT)
- Closed/proprietary
- Vulnerability databases
- Public/private information-
sharing centers
- Dark web
- Indicators of compromise

- Automated Indicator Sharing (AIS)
- Structured Threat Information
eXpression (STIX)/Trusted
Automated eXchange of
Intelligence Information (TAXII)
- Predictive analysis
- Threat maps
- File/code repositories
• Research sources
- Vendor websites
- Vulnerability feeds
- Conferences
- Academic journals
- Request for comments (RFC)
- Local industry groups
- Social media
- Threat feeds
- Adversary tactics, techniques,
and procedures (TTP)
Explain the security concerns associated with
various types of vulnerabilities.
Explain different threat actors, vectors, and intelligence sources.
1.6
1.5

• Penetration testing
- Known environment
- Unknown environment
- Partially known environment
- Rules of engagement
- Lateral movement
- Privilege escalation
- Persistence
- Cleanup
- Bug bounty
- Pivoting
• Passive and active reconnaissance
- Drones
- War flying
- War driving
- Footprinting
- OSINT
• Exercise types
- Red-team
- Blue-team
- White-team
- Purple-team
• Threat hunting
- Intelligence fusion
- Threat feeds
- Advisories and bulletins
- Maneuver
• Vulnerability scans
- False positives
- False negatives
- Log reviews
- Credentialed vs. non-credentialed
- Intrusive vs. non-intrusive
- Application
- Web application
- Network
- Common Vulnerabilities and
Exposures (CVE)/Common
Vulnerability Scoring System (CVSS)
- Configuration review
• Syslog/Security information and
event management (SIEM)
- Review reports
- Packet capture
- Data inputs
- User behavior analysis
- Sentiment analysis
- Security monitoring
- Log aggregation
- Log collectors
• Security orchestration,
automation, and response (SOAR)
Explain the techniques used in penetration testing.
Summarize the techniques used in security assessments.
1.8
1.7

• Configuration management
- Diagrams
- Baseline configuration
- Standard naming conventions
- Internet protocol (IP) schema
• Data sovereignty
• Data protection
- Data loss prevention (DLP)
- Masking
- Encryption
- At rest
- In transit/motion
- In processing
- Tokenization
- Rights management
• Geographical considerations
• Response and recovery controls
• Secure Sockets Layer (SSL)/Transport
Layer Security (TLS) inspection
• Hashing
• API considerations
• Site resiliency
- Hot site
- Cold site
- Warm site
• Deception and disruption
- Honeypots
- Honeyfiles
- Honeynets
- Fake telemetry
- DNS sinkhole
• Cloud models
- Infrastructure as a service (IaaS)
- Platform as a service (PaaS)
- Software as a service (SaaS)
- Anything as a service (XaaS)
- Public
- Community
- Private
- Hybrid
• Cloud service providers
• Managed service provider (MSP)/
managed security service
provider (MSSP)
• On-premises vs. off-premises
• Fog computing
• Edge computing
• Thin client
• Containers
• Microservices/API
• Infrastructure as code
- Software-defined networking (SDN)
- Software-defined visibility (SDV)
• Serverless architecture
• Services integration
• Resource policies
• Transit gateway
• Virtualization
- Virtual machine (VM)
sprawl avoidance
- VM escape protection
2.0 Architecture and Design
Explain the importance of security concepts
in an enterprise environment.
Summarize virtualization and cloud computing concepts.
2.1
2.2

Summarize secure application development,
deployment, and automation concepts.
Summarize authentication and authorization design concepts.
2.3
2.4
• Environment
- Development
- Test
- Staging
- Production
- Quality assurance (QA)
• Provisioning and deprovisioning
• Integrity measurement
• Secure coding techniques
- Normalization
- Stored procedures
- Obfuscation/camouflage
- Code reuse/dead code
- Server-side vs. client-side
execution and validation
- Memory management
- Use of third-party libraries and
software development kits (SDKs)
- Data exposure
• Open Web Application
Security Project (OWASP)
• Software diversity
- Compiler
- Binary
• Automation/scripting
- Automated courses of action
- Continuous monitoring
- Continuous validation
- Continuous integration
- Continuous delivery
- Continuous deployment
• Elasticity
• Scalability
• Version control
• Authentication methods
- Directory services
- Federation
- Attestation
- Technologies
- Time-based one-
time password (TOTP)
- HMAC-based one-time
password (HOTP)
- Short message service (SMS)
- Token key
- Static codes
- Authentication applications
- Push notifications
- Phone call
- Smart card authentication
• Biometrics
- Fingerprint
- Retina
- Iris
- Facial
- Voice
- Vein
- Gait analysis
- Efficacy rates
- False acceptance
- False rejection
- Crossover error rate
• Multifactor authentication
(MFA) factors and attributes
- Factors
- Something you know
- Something you have
- Something you are
- Attributes
- Somewhere you are
- Something you can do
- Something you exhibit
- Someone you know
• Authentication, authorization,
and accounting (AAA)
• Cloud vs. on-premises requirements

Given a scenario, implement cybersecurity resilience.
Explain the security implications of embedded and specialized systems.
2.5
2.6
• Redundancy
- Geographic dispersal
- Disk
- Redundant array of
inexpensive disks (RAID) levels
- Multipath
- Network
- Load balancers
- Network interface
card (NIC) teaming
- Power
- Uninterruptible
power supply (UPS)
- Generator
- Dual supply
- Managed power
distribution units (PDUs)
• Replication
- Storage area network
- VM
• On-premises vs. cloud
• Backup types
- Full
- Incremental
- Snapshot
- Differential
- Tape
- Disk
- Copy
- Network-attached storage (NAS)
- Storage area network
- Cloud
- Image
- Online vs. offline
- Offsite storage
- Distance considerations
• Non-persistence
- Revert to known state
- Last known-good configuration
- Live boot media
• High availability
- Scalability
• Restoration order
• Diversity
- Technologies
- Vendors
- Crypto
- Controls
• Embedded systems
- Raspberry Pi
- Field-programmable gate array (FPGA)
- Arduino
• Supervisory control and data acquisition
(SCADA)/industrial control system (ICS)
- Facilities
- Industrial
- Manufacturing
- Energy
- Logistics
• Internet of Things (IoT)
- Sensors
- Smart devices
- Wearables
- Facility automation
- Weak defaults
• Specialized
- Medical systems
- Vehicles
- Aircraft
- Smart meters
• Voice over IP (VoIP)
• Heating, ventilation, air
conditioning (HVAC)
• Drones
• Multifunction printer (MFP)
• Real-time operating system (RTOS)
• Surveillance systems
• System on chip (SoC)
• Communication considerations
- 5G
- Narrow-band
- Baseband radio
- Subscriber identity module (SIM) cards
- Zigbee
• Constraints
- Power
- Compute
- Network
- Crypto
- Inability to patch
- Authentication
- Range
- Cost
- Implied trust

Explain the importance of physical security controls.
Summarize the basics of cryptographic concepts.
2.7
2.8
• Bollards/barricades
• Access control vestibules
• Badges
• Alarms
• Signage
• Cameras
- Motion recognition
- Object detection
• Closed-circuit television (CCTV)
• Industrial camouflage
• Personnel
- Guards
- Robot sentries
- Reception
- Two-person integrity/control
• Locks
- Biometrics
- Electronic
- Physical
- Cable locks
• USB data blocker
• Lighting
• Fencing
• Fire suppression
• Sensors
- Motion detection
- Noise detection
- Proximity reader
- Moisture detection
- Cards
- Temperature
• Drones
• Visitor logs
• Faraday cages
• Air gap
• Screened subnet (previously
known as demilitarized zone)
• Protected cable distribution
• Secure areas
- Air gap
- Vault
- Safe
- Hot aisle
- Cold aisle
• Secure data destruction
- Burning
- Shredding
- Pulping
- Pulverizing
- Degaussing
- Third-party solutions
• Digital signatures
• Key length
• Key stretching
• Salting
• Hashing
• Key exchange
• Elliptic-curve cryptography
• Perfect forward secrecy
• Quantum
- Communications
- Computing
• Post-quantum
• Ephemeral
• Modes of operation
- Authenticated
- Unauthenticated
- Counter
• Blockchain
- Public ledgers
• Cipher suites
- Stream
- Block
• Symmetric vs. asymmetric
• Lightweight cryptography
• Steganography
- Audio
- Video
- Image
• Homomorphic encryption
• Common use cases
- Low power devices
- Low latency
- High resiliency
- Supporting confidentiality
- Supporting integrity
- Supporting obfuscation
- Supporting authentication
- Supporting non-repudiation
• Limitations
- Speed
- Size
- Weak keys
- Time
- Longevity
- Predictability
- Reuse
- Entropy
- Computational overheads
- Resource vs. security constraints

3.0 Implementation
• Protocols
- Domain Name System
Security Extensions (DNSSEC)
- SSH
- Secure/Multipurpose Internet
Mail Extensions (S/MIME)
- Secure Real-time Transport
Protocol (SRTP)
- Lightweight Directory Access
Protocol Over SSL (LDAPS)
- File Transfer Protocol, Secure (FTPS)
- SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP)
- Simple Network Management
Protocol, version 3 (SNMPv3)
- Hypertext transfer protocol
over SSL/TLS (HTTPS)
- IPSec
- Authentication header (AH)/
Encapsulating Security
Payloads (ESP)
- Tunnel/transport
- Post Office Protocol (POP)/
InternetMessageAccessProtocol(IMAP)
• Use cases
- Voice and video
- Time synchronization
- Email and web
- File transfer
- Directory services
- Remote access
- Domain name resolution
- Routing and switching
- Network address allocation
- Subscription services
• Endpoint protection
- Antivirus
- Anti-malware
- Endpoint detection
and response (EDR)
- DLP
- Next-generation firewall (NGFW)
- Host-based intrusion prevention
system (HIPS)
- Host-based intrusion detection
system (HIDS)
- Host-based firewall
• Boot integrity
- Boot security/Unified Extensible
Firmware Interface (UEFI)
- Measured boot
- Boot attestation
• Database
- Tokenization
- Salting
- Hashing
• Application security
- Input validations
- Secure cookies
- Hypertext Transfer
Protocol (HTTP) headers
- Code signing
- Allow list
- Block list/deny list
- Secure coding practices
- Static code analysis
- Manual code review
- Dynamic code analysis
- Fuzzing
• Hardening
- Open ports and services
- Registry
- Disk encryption
- OS
- Patch management
- Third-party updates
- Auto-update
• Self-encrypting drive (SED)/
full-disk encryption (FDE)
- Opal
• Hardware root of trust
• Trusted Platform Module (TPM)
• Sandboxing
Given a scenario, implement secure protocols.
Given a scenario, implement host or application security solutions.
3.1
3.2

Given a scenario, implement secure network designs.
Given a scenario, install and configure wireless security settings.
3.3
3.4
• Load balancing
- Active/active
- Active/passive
- Scheduling
- Virtual IP
- Persistence
• Network segmentation
- Virtual local area network (VLAN)
- Screened subnet (previously
known as demilitarized zone)
- East-west traffic
- Extranet
- Intranet
- Zero Trust
• Virtual private network (VPN)
- Always-on
- Split tunnel vs. full tunnel
- Remote access vs. site-to-site
- IPSec
- SSL/TLS
- HTML5
- Layer 2 tunneling protocol (L2TP)
• DNS
• Network access control (NAC)
- Agent and agentless
• Out-of-band management
• Port security
- Broadcast storm prevention
- Bridge Protocol Data
Unit (BPDU) guard
- Loop prevention
- Dynamic Host Configuration
Protocol (DHCP) snooping
- Media access
control (MAC) filtering
• Network appliances
- Jump servers
- Proxy servers
- Forward
- Reverse
- Network-based intrusion detection
system (NIDS)/network-based
intrusion prevention system (NIPS)
- Signature-based
- Heuristic/behavior
- Anomaly
- Inline vs. passive
- HSM
- Sensors
- Collectors
- Aggregators
- Firewalls
- Web application firewall (WAF)
 - NGFW
- Stateful
- Stateless
- Unified threat management (UTM)
- Network address
translation (NAT) gateway
- Content/URL filter
- Open-source vs. proprietary
- Hardware vs. software
- Appliance vs. host-based vs. virtual
• Access control list (ACL)
• Route security
• Quality of service (QoS)
• Implications of IPv6
• Port spanning/port mirroring
- Port taps
• Monitoring services
• File integrity monitors
• Cryptographic protocols
- WiFi Protected Access 2 (WPA2)
- WiFi Protected Access 3 (WPA3)
- Counter-mode/CBC-MAC
Protocol (CCMP)
- Simultaneous Authentication
of Equals (SAE)
• Authentication protocols
- Extensible Authentication
Protocol (EAP)
- Protected Extensible
Authentication Protocol (PEAP)
- EAP-FAST
- EAP-TLS
- EAP-TTLS
- IEEE 802.1X
- Remote Authentication Dial-in
User Service (RADIUS) Federation
• Methods
- Pre-shared key (PSK) vs.
Enterprise vs. Open
- WiFi Protected Setup (WPS)
- Captive portals
• Installation considerations
- Site surveys
- Heat maps
- WiFi analyzers
- Channel overlaps
- Wireless access point
(WAP) placement
- Controller and access point security
3.0 Implementation

3.0 Implementation
Given a scenario, implement secure mobile solutions.
Given a scenario, apply cybersecurity solutions to the cloud.
3.5
3.6
• Connection methods and receivers
- Cellular
- WiFi
- Bluetooth
- NFC
- Infrared
- USB
- Point-to-point
- Point-to-multipoint
- Global Positioning System (GPS)
- RFID
• Mobile device management (MDM)
- Application management
- Content management
- Remote wipe
- Geofencing
- Geolocation
- Screen locks
- Push notifications
- Passwords and PINs
- Biometrics
- Context-aware authentication
- Containerization
- Storage segmentation
- Full device encryption
• Mobile devices
- MicroSD hardware
security module (HSM)
- MDM/Unified Endpoint
Management (UEM)
- Mobile application
management (MAM)
- SEAndroid
• Enforcement and monitoring of:
- Third-party application stores
- Rooting/jailbreaking
- Sideloading
- Custom firmware
- Carrier unlocking
- Firmware over-the-air (OTA) updates
- Camera use
- SMS/Multimedia Messaging Service
(MMS)/Rich Communication
Services (RCS)
- External media
- USB On-The-Go (USB OTG)
- Recording microphone
- GPS tagging
- WiFi direct/ad hoc
- Tethering
- Hotspot
- Payment methods
• Deployment models
- Bring your own device (BYOD)
- Corporate-owned
personally enabled (COPE)
- Choose your own device (CYOD)
- Corporate-owned
- Virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI)
• Cloud security controls
- High availability across zones
- Resource policies
- Secrets management
- Integration and auditing
- Storage
- Permissions
- Encryption
- Replication
- High availability
- Network
- Virtual networks
- Public and private subnets
- Segmentation
- API inspection and integration
- Compute
- Security groups
- Dynamic resource allocation
- Instance awareness
- Virtual private
cloud (VPC) endpoint
- Container security
• Solutions
- CASB
- Application security
- Next-generation secure
web gateway (SWG)
- Firewall considerations
in a cloud environment
- Cost
- Need for segmentation
- Open Systems
Interconnection (OSI) layers
• Cloud native controls vs.
third-party solutions

3.0 Implementation
Given a scenario, implement identity and
account management controls.
Given a scenario, implement authentication
and authorization solutions.
Given a scenario, implement public key infrastructure.
3.7
3.8
3.9
• Identity
- Identity provider (IdP)
- Attributes
- Certificates
- Tokens
- SSH keys
- Smart cards
• Account types
- User account
- Shared and generic
accounts/credentials
- Guest accounts
- Service accounts
• Account policies
- Password complexity
- Password history
- Password reuse
- Network location
- Geofencing
- Geotagging
- Geolocation
- Time-based logins
- Access policies
- Account permissions
- Account audits
- Impossible travel time/risky login
- Lockout
- Disablement
• Authentication management
- Password keys
- Password vaults
- TPM
- HSM
- Knowledge-based authentication
• Authentication/authorization
- EAP
- Challenge-Handshake
Authentication Protocol (CHAP)
- Password Authentication
Protocol (PAP)
- 802.1X
- RADIUS
- Single sign-on (SSO)
- Security Assertion
Markup Language (SAML)
- Terminal Access Controller
Access Control System Plus (TACACS+)
- OAuth
- OpenID
- Kerberos
• Access control schemes
- Attribute-based access control (ABAC)
- Role-based access control
- Rule-based access control
- MAC
- Discretionary access control (DAC)
- Conditional access
- Privileged access management
- Filesystem permissions
• Public key infrastructure (PKI)
- Key management
- Certificate authority (CA)
- Intermediate CA
- Registration authority (RA)
- Certificate revocation list (CRL)
- Certificate attributes
- Online Certificate Status
Protocol (OCSP)
- Certificate signing request (CSR)
- CN
- Subject alternative name
- Expiration
• Types of certificates
- Wildcard
- Subject alternative name
- Code signing
- Self-signed
- Machine/computer
- Email
- User
- Root
- Domain validation
- Extended validation
• Certificate formats
- Distinguished encoding rules (DER)
- Privacy enhanced mail (PEM)
- Personal information exchange (PFX)
- .cer
- P12
- P7B
• Concepts
- Online vs. offline CA
- Stapling
- Pinning
- Trust model
- Key escrow
- Certificate chaining

4.0 Operations and Incident Response
• Network reconnaissance and discovery
- tracert/traceroute
- nslookup/dig
- ipconfig/ifconfig
- nmap
- ping/pathping
- hping
- netstat
- netcat
- IP scanners
- arp
- route
- curl
- theHarvester
- sn1per
- scanless
- dnsenum
- Nessus
- Cuckoo
• File manipulation
- head
- tail
- cat
- grep
- chmod
- logger
• Shell and script environments
- SSH
- PowerShell
- Python
- OpenSSL
• Packet capture and replay
- Tcpreplay
- Tcpdump
- Wireshark
• Forensics
- dd
- Memdump
- WinHex
- FTK imager
- Autopsy
• Exploitation frameworks
• Password crackers
• Data sanitization
• Incident response plans
• Incident response process
- Preparation
- Identification
- Containment
- Eradication
- Recovery
- Lessons learned
• Exercises
- Tabletop
- Walkthroughs
- Simulations
• Attack frameworks
- MITRE ATT&CK
- The Diamond Model of
Intrusion Analysis
- Cyber Kill Chain
• Stakeholder management
• Communication plan
• Disaster recovery plan
• Business continuity plan
• Continuity of operations planning (COOP)
• Incident response team
• Retention policies
Given a scenario, use the appropriate tool to
assess organizational security.
Summarize the importance of policies, processes,
and procedures for incident response.
4.1
4.2

4.0 Operations and Incident Response
Given an incident, utilize appropriate data
sources to support an investigation.
Given an incident, apply mitigation techniques
or controls to secure an environment.
Explain the key aspects of digital forensics.
4.3
4.4
4.5
• Vulnerability scan output
• SIEM dashboards
- Sensor
- Sensitivity
- Trends
- Alerts
- Correlation
• Log files
- Network
- System
- Application
- Security
- Web
- DNS
- Authentication
- Dump files
- VoIP and call managers
- Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) traffic
• syslog/rsyslog/syslog-ng
• journalctl
• NXLog
• Bandwidth monitors
• Metadata
- Email
- Mobile
- Web
- File
• Netflow/sFlow
- Netflow
- sFlow
- IPFIX
• Protocol analyzer output
• Reconfigure endpoint security solutions
- Application approved list
- Application blocklist/deny list
- Quarantine
• Configuration changes
- Firewall rules
- MDM
- DLP
- Content filter/URL filter
- Update or revoke certificates
• Isolation
• Containment
• Segmentation
• SOAR
- Runbooks
- Playbooks
• Documentation/evidence
- Legal hold
- Video
- Admissibility
- Chain of custody
- Timelines of sequence of events
- Time stamps
- Time offset
- Tags
- Reports
- Event logs
- Interviews
• Acquisition
- Order of volatility
- Disk
- Random-access memory (RAM)
- Swap/pagefile
- OS
- Device
- Firmware
- Snapshot
- Cache
- Network
- Artifacts
• On-premises vs. cloud
- Right-to-audit clauses
- Regulatory/jurisdiction
- Data breach notification laws
• Integrity
- Hashing
- Checksums
- Provenance
• Preservation
• E-discovery
• Data recovery
• Non-repudiation
• Strategic intelligence/
counterintelligence

5.0 Governance, Risk, and Compliance
• Category
- Managerial
- Operational
- Technical
• Control type
- Preventive
- Detective
- Corrective
- Deterrent
- Compensating
- Physical
• Regulations, standards, and legislation
- General Data Protection
Regulation (GDPR)
- National, territory, or state laws
- Payment Card Industry Data
Security Standard (PCI DSS)
• Key frameworks
- Center for Internet Security (CIS)
- National Institute of Standards
and Technology (NIST) Risk
Management Framework (RMF)/
Cybersecurity Framework
(CSF)
- International Organization
for Standardization (ISO)
27001/27002/27701/31000
- SSAE SOC 2 Type I/II
- Cloud security alliance
- Cloud control matrix
- Reference architecture
• Benchmarks /secure
configuration guides
- Platform/vendor-specific guides
- Web server
- OS
- Application server
- Network infrastructure devices
• Personnel
- Acceptable use policy
- Job rotation
- Mandatory vacation
- Separation of duties
- Least privilege
- Clean desk space
- Background checks
- Non-disclosure agreement (NDA)
- Social media analysis
- Onboarding
- Offboarding
- User training
- Gamification
- Capture the flag
- Phishing campaigns
- Phishing simulations
- Computer-based training (CBT)
- Role-based training
• Diversity of training techniques
• Third-party risk management
- Vendors
- Supply chain
- Business partners
- Service level agreement (SLA)
- Memorandum of
understanding (MOU)
- Measurement systems analysis (MSA)
- Business partnership agreement (BPA)
- End of life (EOL)
- End of service life (EOSL)
- NDA
• Data
- Classification
- Governance
- Retention
• Credential policies
- Personnel
- Third-party
- Devices
- Service accounts
- Administrator/root accounts
• Organizational policies
- Change management
- Change control
- Asset management
Compare and contrast various types of controls.
Explain the importance of applicable regulations, standards, or
frameworks that impact organizational security posture.
Explain the importance of policies to organizational security.
5.1
5.2
5.3

5.0 Governance, Risk, and Compliance
Summarize risk management processes and concepts.
Explain privacy and sensitive data concepts in relation to security.
5.4
5.5
• Risk types
- External
- Internal
- Legacy systems
- Multiparty
- IP theft
- Software compliance/licensing
• Risk management strategies
- Acceptance
- Avoidance
- Transference
- Cybersecurity insurance
- Mitigation
• Risk analysis
- Risk register
- Risk matrix/heat map
- Risk control assessment
- Risk control self-assessment
- Risk awareness
- Inherent risk
- Residual risk
- Control risk
- Risk appetite
- Regulations that affect risk posture
- Risk assessment types
- Qualitative
- Quantitative
- Likelihood of occurrence
- Impact
- Asset value
- Single-loss expectancy (SLE)
- Annualized loss expectancy (ALE)
- Annualized rate of occurrence (ARO)
• Disasters
- Environmental
- Person-made
- Internal vs. external
• Business impact analysis
- Recovery time objective (RTO)
- Recovery point objective (RPO)
- Mean time to repair (MTTR)
- Mean time between failures (MTBF)
- Functional recovery plans
- Single point of failure
- Disaster recovery plan (DRP)
- Mission essential functions
- Identification of critical systems
- Site risk assessment
• Organizational consequences
of privacy and data breaches
- Reputation damage
- Identity theft
- Fines
- IP theft
• Notifications of breaches
- Escalation
- Public notifications and disclosures
• Data types
- Classifications
- Public
- Private
- Sensitive
- Confidential
- Critical
- Proprietary
- Personally identifiable
information (PII)
- Health information
- Financial information
- Government data
- Customer data
• Privacy enhancing technologies
- Data minimization
- Data masking
- Tokenization
- Anonymization
- Pseudo-anonymization
• Roles and responsibilities
- Data owners
- Data controller
- Data processor
- Data custodian/steward
- Data protection officer (DPO)
• Information life cycle
• Impact assessment
• Terms of agreement
• Privacy notice

ACRONYM DEFINITION
3DES Triple Data Encryption Standard
AAA Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting
ABAC Attribute-based Access Control
ACL Access Control List
AD Active Directory
AES Advanced Encryption Standard
AES256 Advanced Encryption Standards 256bit
AH Authentication Header
AI Artificial Intelligence
AIS Automated Indicator Sharing
ALE Annualized Loss Expectancy
AP Access Point
API Application Programming Interface
APT Advanced Persistent Threat
ARO Annualized Rate of Occurrence
ARP Address Resolution Protocol
ASLR Address Space Layout Randomization
ASP Active Server Pages
ATT&CK Adversarial Tactics, Techniques,
and Common Knowledge
AUP Acceptable Use Policy
AV Antivirus
BASH Bourne Again Shell
BCP Business Continuity Planning
BGP Border Gateway Protocol
BIA Business Impact Analysis
BIOS Basic Input/Output System
BPA Business Partnership Agreement
BPDU Bridge Protocol Data Unit
BSSID Basic Service Set Identifier
BYOD Bring Your Own Device
CA Certificate Authority
CAPTCHA Completely Automated Public Turing
Test to Tell Computers and Humans Apart
ACRONYM DEFINITION
CAR Corrective Action Report
CASB Cloud Access Security Broker
CBC Cipher Block Chaining
CBT Computer-based Training
CCMP Counter-Mode/CBC-MAC Protocol
CCTV Closed-Circuit Television
CERT Computer Emergency Response Team
CFB Cipher Feedback
CHAP Challenge-Handshake Authentication Protocol
CIO Chief Information Officer
CIRT Computer Incident Response Team
CIS Center for Internet Security
CMS Content Management System
CN Common Name
COOP Continuity of Operations Planning
COPE Corporate-owned Personally Enabled
CP Contingency Planning
CRC Cyclic Redundancy Check
CRL Certificate Revocation List
CSA Cloud Security Alliance
CSIRT Computer Security Incident Response Team
CSO Chief Security Officer
CSP Cloud Service Provider
CSR Certificate Signing Request
CSRF Cross-Site Request Forgery
CSU Channel Service Unit
CTM Counter-Mode
CTO Chief Technology Officer
CVE Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
CVSS Common Vulnerability Scoring System
CYOD Choose Your Own Device
DAC Discretionary Access Control
DBA Database Administrator
DDoS Distributed Denial-of-Service
DEP Data Execution Prevention
The following is a list of acronyms that appear on the CompTIA
Security+ exam. Candidates are encouraged to review the complete
list and attain a working knowledge of all listed acronyms as
part of a comprehensive exam preparation program.
Security+ (SY0-601) Acronym List

ACRONYM DEFINITION
DER Distinguished Encoding Rules
DES Data Encryption Standard
DHCP Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol
DHE Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral
DKIM Domain Keys Identified Mail
DLL Dynamic-link Library
DLP Data Loss Prevention
DMARC Domain Message Authentication
Reporting and Conformance
DNAT Destination Network Address Transaction
DNS Domain Name System
DNSSEC Domain Name System Security Extensions
DoS Denial-of-Service
DPO Data Protection Officer
DRP Disaster Recovery Plan
DSA Digital Signature Algorithm
DSL Digital Subscriber Line
EAP Extensible Authentication Protocol
ECB Electronic Code Book
ECC Elliptic-curve Cryptography
ECDHE Elliptic-curve Diffie-Hellman Ephemeral
ECDSA Elliptic-curve Digital Signature Algorithm
EDR Endpoint Detection and Response
EFS Encrypted File System
EIP Extended Instruction Pointer
EOL End of Life
EOS End of Service
ERP Enterprise Resource Planning
ESN Electronic Serial Number
ESP Encapsulating Security Payload
ESSID Extended Service Set Identifier
FACL File System Access Control List
FDE Full Disk Encryption
FIM File Integrity Monitoring
FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
FRR False Rejection Rate
FTP File Transfer Protocol
FTPS Secured File Transfer Protocol
GCM Galois/Counter Mode
GDPR General Data Protection Regulation
GPG GNU Privacy Guard
GPO Group Policy Object
GPS Global Positioning System
GPU Graphics Processing Unit
GRE Generic Routing Encapsulation
HA High Availability
HDD Hard Disk Drive
HIDS Host-based Intrusion Detection System
HIPS Host-based Intrusion Prevention System
HMAC Hash-based Message Authentication Code
HOTP HMAC-based One-time Password
ACRONYM DEFINITION
HSM Hardware Security Module
HSMaaS Hardware Security Module as a Service
HTML Hypertext Markup Language
HTTP Hypertext Transfer Protocol
HTTPS Hypertext Transfer Protocol Secure
HVAC Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning
IaaS Infrastructure as a Service
IAM Identity and Access Management
ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
ICS Industrial Control Systems
IDEA International Data Encryption Algorithm
IDF Intermediate Distribution Frame
IdP Identity Provider
IDS Intrusion Detection System
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IKE Internet Key Exchange
IM Instant Messaging
IMAP4 Internet Message Access Protocol v4
IoC Indicators of Compromise
IoT Internet of Things
IP Internet Protocol
IPS Intrusion Prevention System
IPSec Internet Protocol Security
IR Incident Response
IRC Internet Relay Chat
IRP Incident Response Plan
ISA Interconnection Security Agreement
ISFW Internal Segmentation Firewall
ISO International Organization for Standardization
ISP Internet Service Provider
ISSO Information Systems Security Officer
ITCP IT Contingency Plan
IV Initialization Vector
KDC Key Distribution Center
KEK Key Encryption Key
L2TP Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol
LAN Local Area Network
LDAP Lightweight Directory Access Protocol
LEAP Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol
MaaS Monitoring as a Service
MAC Media Access Control
MAM Mobile Application Management
MAN Metropolitan Area Network
MBR Master Boot Record
MD5 Message Digest 5
MDF Main Distribution Frame
MDM Mobile Device Management
MFA Multifactor Authentication
MFD Multifunction Device
MFP Multifunction Printer
ML Machine Learning

ACRONYM DEFINITION
MMS Multimedia Message Service
MOA Memorandum of Agreement
MOU Memorandum of Understanding
MPLS Multiprotocol Label Switching
MSA Measurement Systems Analysis
MS-CHAP Microsoft Challenge-Handshake
Authentication Protocol
MSP Managed Service Provider
MSSP Managed Security Service Provider
MTBF Mean Time Between Failures
MTTF Mean Time to Failure
MTTR Mean Time to Repair
MTU Maximum Transmission Unit
NAC Network Access Control
NAS Network-attached Storage
NAT Network Address Translation
NDA Non-disclosure Agreement
NFC Near-field Communication
NFV Network Function Virtualization
NGFW Next-generation Firewall
NG-SWG Next-generation Secure Web Gateway
NIC Network Interface Card
NIDS Network-based Intrusion Detection System
NIPS Network-based Intrusion Prevention System
NIST National Institute of Standards & Technology
NOC Network Operations Center
NTFS New Technology File System
NTLM New Technology LAN Manager
NTP Network Time Protocol
OCSP Online Certificate Status Protocol
OID Object Identifier
OS Operating System
OSI Open Systems Interconnection
OSINT Open-source Intelligence
OSPF Open Shortest Path First
OT Operational Technology
OTA Over-The-Air
OTG On-The-Go
OVAL Open Vulnerability and Assessment Language
OWASP Open Web Application Security Project
P12 PKCS #12
P2P Peer-to-Peer
PaaS Platform as a Service
PAC Proxy Auto Configuration
PAM Privileged Access Management
PAM Pluggable Authentication Modules
PAP Password Authentication Protocol
PAT Port Address Translation
PBKDF2 Password-based Key Derivation Function 2
PBX Private Branch Exchange
PCAP Packet Capture
ACRONYM DEFINITION
PCI DSS Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard
PDU Power Distribution Unit
PE Portable Executable
PEAP Protected Extensible Authentication Protocol
PED Portable Electronic Device
PEM Privacy Enhanced Mail
PFS Perfect Forward Secrecy
PGP Pretty Good Privacy
PHI Personal Health Information
PII Personally Identifiable Information
PIN Personal Identification Number
PIV Personal Identity Verification
PKCS Public Key Cryptography Standards
PKI Public Key Infrastructure
PoC Proof of Concept
POP Post Office Protocol
POTS Plain Old Telephone Service
PPP Point-to-Point Protocol
PPTP Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol
PSK Preshared Key
PTZ Pan-Tilt-Zoom
PUP Potentially Unwanted Program
QA Quality Assurance
QoS Quality of Service
PUP Potentially Unwanted Program
RA Registration Authority
RAD Rapid Application Development
RADIUS Remote Authentication Dial-in User Service
RAID Redundant Array of Inexpensive Disks
RAM Random Access Memory
RAS Remote Access Server
RAT Remote Access Trojan
RC4 Rivest Cipher version 4
RCS Rich Communication Services
RFC Request for Comments
RFID Radio Frequency Identification
RIPEMD RACE Integrity Primitives
Evaluation Message Digest
ROI Return on Investment
RPO Recovery Point Objective
RSA Rivest, Shamir, & Adleman
RTBH Remotely Triggered Black Hole
RTO Recovery Time Objective
RTOS Real-time Operating System
RTP Real-time Transport Protocol
S/MIME Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
SaaS Software as a Service
SAE Simultaneous Authentication of Equals
SAML Security Assertions Markup Language
SCADA Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition
SCAP Security Content Automation Protocol

ACRONYM DEFINITION
SCEP Simple Certificate Enrollment Protocol
SDK Software Development Kit
SDLC Software Development Life Cycle
SDLM Software Development Life-cycle Methodology
SDN Software-defined Networking
SDP Service Delivery Platform
SDV Software-defined Visibility
SED Self-Encrypting Drives
SEH Structured Exception Handling
SFTP SSH File Transfer Protocol
SHA Secure Hashing Algorithm
SIEM Security Information and Event Management
SIM Subscriber Identity Module
SIP Session Initiation Protocol
SLA Service-level Agreement
SLE Single Loss Expectancy
SMB Server Message Block
S/MIME Secure/Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions
SMS Short Message Service
SMTP Simple Mail Transfer Protocol
SMTPS Simple Mail Transfer Protocol Secure
SNMP Simple Network Management Protocol
SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
SOAR Security Orchestration, Automation, Response
SoC System on Chip
SOC Security Operations Center
SPF Sender Policy Framework
SPIM Spam over Instant Messaging
SQL Structured Query Language
SQLi SQL Injection
SRTP Secure Real-time Transport Protocol
SSD Solid State Drive
SSH Secure Shell
SSID Service Set Identifier
SSL Secure Sockets Layer
SSO Single Sign-on
STIX Structured Threat Information eXpression
STP Shielded Twisted Pair
SWG Secure Web Gateway
TACACS+ Terminal Access Controller Access Control System
TAXII Trusted Automated eXchange
of Intelligence Information
TCP/IP Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol
TGT Ticket Granting Ticket
TKIP Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
TLS Transport Layer Security
TOTP Time-based One Time Password
TPM Trusted Platform Module
TSIG Transaction Signature
TTP Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures
ACRONYM DEFINITION
UAT User Acceptance Testing
UDP User Datagram Protocol
UEBA User and Entity Behavior Analytics
UEFI Unified Extensible Firmware Interface
UEM Unified Endpoint Management
UPS Uninterruptible Power Supply
URI Uniform Resource Identifier
URL Universal Resource Locator
USB Universal Serial Bus
USB OTG USB On-The-Go
UTM Unified Threat Management
UTP Unshielded Twisted Pair
VBA Visual Basic for Applications
VDE Virtual Desktop Environment
VDI Virtual Desktop Infrastructure
VLAN Virtual Local Area Network
VLSM Variable-length Subnet Masking
VM Virtual Machine
VoIP Voice over IP
VPC Virtual Private Cloud
VPN Virtual Private Network
VTC Video Teleconferencing
WAF Web Application Firewall
WAP Wireless Access Point
WEP Wired Equivalent Privacy
WIDS Wireless Intrusion Detection System
WIPS Wireless Intrusion Prevention System
WORM Write Once Read Many
WPA WiFi Protected Access
WPS WiFi Protected Setup
XaaS Anything as a Service
XML Extensible Markup Language
XOR Exclusive OR
XSRF Cross-site Request Forgery
XSS Cross-site Scripting

HARDWARE
• Laptop with Internet access
• Separate wireless NIC
• WAP
• Firewall
• UTM
• Mobile device
• Server/cloud server
• IoT devices
SOFTWARE
• Virtualization software
• Penetration testing OS/distributions
(e.g., Kali Linux, Parrot OS)
• SIEM
• Wireshark
• Metasploit
• tcpdump
OTHER
• Access to a CSP
CompTIA has included this sample list of hardware and software to assist candidates
as they prepare for the Security+ exam. This list may also be helpful for training
companies that wish to create a lab component for their training offering.
The bulleted lists below each topic are sample lists and are not exhaustive.
Security+ Proposed Hardware and Software List
© 2019 CompTIA Properties, LLC, used under license by CompTIA Certifications, LLC. All rights reserved. All certification programs and education related to such
programs are operated exclusively by CompTIA Certifications, LLC. CompTIA is a registered trademark of CompTIA Properties, LLC in the U.S. and internationally.
Other brands and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks or service marks of CompTIA Properties, LLC or of their respective owners. Reproduction
or dissemination prohibited without written consent of CompTIA Properties, LLC. Printed in the U.S. 007330-Dec2019

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