Computer assisted assesment presentation
- 1. Presented to: Dr. Shafqat Ali Associate Professor UE Lower Mall Campus, Lahore Presented By: Sabir Ali Roll No. MSF 1700148 M.Phil Education
- 2. What is CAA? "computer-assisted assessment" is a term that covers all forms of assessments, whether summative (i.e. tests that will contribute to formal qualifications) or formative (i.e. tests that promote learning but are not part of a course's marking), delivered with the help of computers.
- 3. What is CAA? Computer Assisted assessment (CAA) is a common term for the use of computers in the assessment of student learning. Various other forms exist, such as Computer-Aided Assessment, computerised assessment, Computer Based assessment (CBA) and computer-based testing. Online Computer Based Assessment has existed for a long time in the form of Multiple Choice Questions (MCQ's).
- 4. IMPLEMENTATION Computer Based Assessment is commonly directly made via a computer, whereas Computer Assisted Assessment is used to manage or support the assessment process. Examples are the optical mark reader used to score MCQs , and database programs used to record student marks.
- 5. FORMATIVE VERSUS SUMMATIVE Computer Assisted Assessment is typically formative, in that, it helps students to discover whether they have learned what the educator intended and provide timely feedback on how best to teach a subject. Increasingly, it can be summative, with limited feedback typically being given at the end of a course and serving to grade and categorize the student's work. It can also be diagnostic, e.g. by testing for pre- knowledge.
- 6. NORM REFERENCED VERSUS CRITERIA TESTING Assessment techniques are usually either norm referenced or criterion referenced. Norm referenced assesses an individual's performance in relation to the norms established by a peer group. Criterion referenced occurs when a student is assessed on his or her ability to meet a required level of skill or competence. Computer Assisted Assessment is usually criterion referenced.
- 7. ADVANTAGES Well-written computer assisted testing is more likely to be objective testing: testing that can be marked objectively and thus offer high reliability. The benefit is that the tests can be marked quickly and easily, and adapted to meet a wide range of learning outcomes.
- 8. ADVANTAGES Tests have the following potential: To incorporate a wide range of media; To link online assessments to feedback; To incorporate hints into test questions; To assign other learning activities based on the test result; To make randomized selection can be made from large question banks; To be administrated easily, allowing better test management.
- 9. DISADVANTAGES CAA can have the following limitations: It is usually associated with testing knowledge skills rather than conceptual understanding, because of the frequent use of MCQ formatting, which is believed to test at a lower level of understanding when related to Bloom's Taxonomy; Construction of good objective tests requires skill and practice and so is initially time consuming; Implementation of a CAA system can be costly; Hardware and software must be carefully monitored to avoid failure during examinations;
- 10. DISADVANTAGES Security issues can be a problem in Web based CAA; Students require adequate IT skills and experience of the assessment type; Assessors and invigilators need training in assessment design, IT skills and examination management; A high level of organization is required of all parties involved in assessment (academics, support staff, computer services, administrators).
- 11. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Computer assisted assessment of higher order skills such as comprehension, application and reasoning is difficult. Recent research has produced an improvement in CAA's ability to test these skills, and allowed for its implementation of the tools on the Web. Areas for development include graphical hotspot questions, which involve selecting an area of the screen by moving a marker to the required position. Text assessment is also being developed.
- 12. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS A number of institutional Computer Based Assessment development projects (many funded by higher education initiatives) offer free or relatively inexpensive assessment tools, which do not require the purchase of costly licenses. One example is the CASTLE toolkit, part of the Book of Talent, which has been developed so that Tutors and Course managers can create on-line interactive assessment tools quickly and easily without any prior knowledge of HTML, CGI , or scripting languages.
- 13. RECENT DEVELOPMENTS Its aim is to provide a High Level Authoring Shell for online Interactive Tutorials and Assessment, by developing a comprehensive courseware authoring tool, which will enable tutors to produce and maintain on-line Web pages. This should enhance the learning resources available to the student, whilst requiring a fairly minimal time investment on behalf of the tutor or course developer. Effective question design means that assessment questionnaires can test different cognitive processes (e.g. comprehension, application and evaluation) as well as the ability to recall facts.
- 14. THANKS Don’t work hard, Work intelligent