Computer based learning
Download as PPTX, PDF0 likes1,353 views
This document discusses computer-assisted instruction and its uses in education. It defines computer-assisted instruction as interactive instructional strategies that use computers to convey and teach material to students while monitoring their learning. The document outlines several types of computer-assisted instruction programs including drill-and-practice, tutorials, simulations, games, and discovery-based learning. It also discusses the advantages and limitations of computer-assisted instruction, as well as how it benefits both students and teachers.
Computer based learning
- 1. BY: TRUPTI REKHA SWAIN M.Sc nursing
- 2. Teaching-learning system Teacher, students, curriculum, methods. Teacher-centred and Learner- centred Individualized
- 3. INTRODUCTION Computer based learning, is a term that refers to interactive instructional strategies that use computers to convey and teach instructional material to students, as well as monitor their learning.
- 4. Use of computers in education is referred by many names such as: Computer Assisted Instruction(C.A.I.) Computer Assisted Learning(C.A.L.) Computer Based Education(C.B.E.) Computer Based Instruction(C.B.I.) Computer Enriched Instruction (C.E.I.) Computer Managed Instruction (C.M.I.)
- 5. HISTORY Charles Babbage’s design of 1833 of a general purposes computing device laid the foundation of the modern computer and the first computing machine as per his design was constituted by International Business Machines Corporation in USA in 1943.
- 6. DEFINITION OF COMPUTER A Computer is defined as electronic equipment which can store information and data which can be retrieved from it as and when required.
- 7. CHARACTRISTIC OF COMPUTER Versatility Accuracy Power of Remembering Speed Self-Paced Self-Directed Storage Diligence Use of Various Senses
- 9. COMPUTER HARDWARE A Computer consist of following components
- 10. INPUT UNIT- To read the algorithm and data to be processed by the algorithm. MEMORY UNIT- To share the algorithm, data and computed values. PROCESSING UNIT- To interpret the instructions and to carry them out. OUTPUT UNIT- To display or to print the desired information. I.e. data, results etc.
- 11. COMPUTER SOFTWARE Software refers to the operational programme, algorithm, processing methodology etc. which employ the hardware for the desired purpose.
- 12. MAIN- FRAME COMPUTER : A medium size computer with a word length between 32 and 60 bits , memory 2 to 16 MB and CPU which can carry 1 to 10 million instructions per second . This is usually accompanied by fast and expensive equipment. SUPER- COMPUTER- A computer with word length around 64 bits , CPU speed around 100 million instructions with very high speed peripherals is called a super- computer. It costs 10 to 30 million dollars. MIDI – COMPUTER- A medium sized computer with word length between 32 and 60 bits , memory 2 to 16 MB and a CPU which can carry out 1 to 10 million instructions per second supporting fast expensive peripherals is called a Midi computer
- 13. MINI- COMPUTER- A small size computer which usually has a word length of 16 bits, memory bits 1 MB and a CPU capable of carrying out half a million instructions per second is called a Mini computer. MICRO COMPUTER- A microcomputer is a self-contained integrated circuit (IC) on single chips of silicon. The silicon chip is the central processing unit (CPU) . The chip microprocessor contains an instruction register, an arithmetic logic unit, processing registers as also control and timing circuits.
- 14. TYPES OF COMPUTER AIDED PROGRAMME LOGO SIMULATION CONTROLLED LEARNING
- 15. LOGO- It is the instructional procedure for learning the programme language through simple programmes in logos system are concerned with generating designs on the screen which students do by following the instructions like that of preparation of a recipe in cooking class. SIMULATION- The CAI programme is learning the computer language through gaming and simulation. Certain simulations are concerned with outcomes can be got using the computer.
- 16. CONTROLLED LEARNING- This CAI programme Is concerned with drill and practice activities supplementary to the prescribed curriculum in any subject area. A controlled learning programme provides a course of study in an instructional sequence on the pattern of branching programme.
- 17. COMPUTER-ASSISTED INSTRUCTION In computer-assisted instruction, there is flow of information and interaction between the computer and the learner. The computer delivers instructions directly to students and allows them to interact with it through the lessons programmed in the system. A computer provides feedback to the learner on the basis of his/her performance.
- 19. Drill-and-Practice Drilland practice provide opportunities to thestudents to repeatedlypractice theskills thathave previously been presented and thatfurtherpractice is necessary for mastery. In this, thestudents learn facts and memorize themby drill methode.g. usingan MCQ bank for drill and practice. This method is usefulfor slow learners.
- 20. Tutorial A well structured programmed learning unit provides interactive learning. In this computer assumes the role of a tutor, introducing content, providing practice, and assessing learning. Tutorials are used to introduce new content to learners in much the same manner that a human teacher might. This mode, if used well could result in 90% retention of the content compared with 30% retention after the best lecture.
- 21. In tutorial method, a module lesson consists of: Presentation of content in a structured way Task prescription to elicit the learner’s response Instant feedback and reinforcement to the learner Can be effectively used by individuals or groups of 2-3 students.
- 22. Provides a real-life scenario with the material to be learned being applied as it would in the real world. It provides a simplified representation of a real situation, phenomenon, or process. It also provides the opportunity for students to apply knowledge in a realistic format but without the time, expense, or risk associated with the real thing. Simulation provides safety of learning environment.
- 23. Simulation software can provide an approximation of reality that does not require the expense of real life or its risks. Simulations can mimic physical objects or phenomena, processes, procedures, and situations.
- 24. Games Games use the instructional material to create a contest for the learner. The learner can compete against his own personal best, the computer, or other learners while mastering the material. Game software often creates a contest to achieve the highest score and either beat others or beat the computer. Usually, they are aimed at younger learners such as those in the elementary grades.
- 25. Discovery Provides the learner with an opportunity to draw his own conclusions. Presents learner with a wealth of material on a topic and allows the learner to seek answers on his own. Discovery approach provides a large database of information specific to a course or content area and challenges the learner to analyze, compare, infer and evaluate based on their explorations of the data.
- 26. ADVANTAGES OF COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION The CAI can be used for handling a large body of students as many as 4000 students can be instructed. The CAI can provides a highly flexible branching in instruction for looking after the pace, entry cognition and level of knowledge suitable for a particular student. Thus, CAI can individualize classroom instruction. The revelatory form of CAI assists the student to learn by a process of gradual recovery.
- 27. CAI enables the student to make models of real life situations, formulate and test ideas and hypothesis. A student learns to use the computer in solving difficult problems. The computer data bank helps the student to obtain data and process it quickly and meaningfully. A student can take a test with the computer and can obtain immediate feedback so that he can rectify his deficiencies and improve his learning. A computer can be used in several innovative ways to improve learning
- 28. LIMITATIONS OF CAI CAL lacks the human and emotional factors which are available in the normal classroom. Computers are relatively costly. CAL produces more mental and physical fatigue as compared to other methods of instructions. The mechanical responses by punching keys can become dull and frustrating. Number of computers Computer require on campus
- 30. Why students like CAI Students say they like working with computer Are infinitely patient Never get tired Never get frustrated or angry Allow students to work privately Are fun and entertaining Never forget to correct or praise Individualize learning Are self paced
- 31. Student’s benefits: Computer assisted instruction provides differentiated lesson for varied levels of learning including with disabilities and gifted students Students are able to work at their own pace while receiving instant feedback which enables them to self correct before moving on to the next skill The programs are interactive and students can work individually or in groups Student also gain valuable computer skill which will continue to benefit them through out life
- 32. Teacher benefits: Teachers are better able to track their students’ strength and weaknesses though CAI. Computer programs can enhance the lesson and allow teacher to pick different level of a programs. When students are learning and active involved with learning teacher will have less behavior problems in the classroom. CAI benefits teacher by allowing them to work with small group of children on a particular skill while the other students in the class are working on their computer program. The nature of the program allows the students to work independently. Minimizing distraction to the teacher while s/he works with the other students.
- 33. DIFFERENT USES OF COMPUTER Education Getting information through internet Animation Hair Styling Defence Services Controlling Satellites Medical & Engineering Post Offices Banking & Commerce Railway Station & Airport.
- 34. APPLICATION Of COMPUTER IN NURSING A) In education To prepare slides To make teaching effective Internet has simplified the education process.
- 35. B) In administration For preparation of records Keeping records of assessment & results In preparing rules, letters. Helps in preparing the duty rosters & saves the time. Preparation of plans – annually, monthly or weekly such as rotation plans & time.
- 36. C) In Hospitals To keep the records of patient's health status. Hospital Management System to have an access of patient's treatment chart, operation list or anaesthetic records. In managing the daily records or routine documents. Increases the productivity of nurses.
- 37. D) In Research Work Used to get information on the researchers carried out through internet. To support their research findings with the research carried out by them. Knowledge of computers helps the nurses to do the analysis of data & to draw interpretations with the use of statistical packages.
- 38. Research article Hae Kyoung Son and Jiyoung Lim; The effect of a web- based education programme (WBEB) on disease severity, quality of life and mother’s self efficacy in children with atopic dermatitis. Journal of advance nursing, isssue70(10), February 2014. Abstract – To develop and evaluate the effect of web- based education programme in early childhood for children with atopic dermatitis. The web based education programme as an advanced intervention may be useful in providing basic data for future atopic dermatitis related studies. Moreover the programme may serve as a nursing education intervention tool for clinical nursing practice.
- 39. CONCLUSION