Computer fundamentals
- 2. 2 WHAT IS COMPUTER? Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and give the result (output) and saves output for the future use.
- 3. 3 A COMPUTER HAS FOUR FUNCTIONS: Accepts data Input Process data Processing Produces output
- 4. Input Output Input is the raw information entered into a computer from the input devices. It is the collection of letters, numbers, images etc. Proces s Process is the operation of data as per given instruction. It is totally internal process of the computer system. Storag e Output is the processed data given by computer after data processing. Output is also called as the Result. Output or Result can be stored in computer storage for future use.
- 5. 5 COMPUTER SYSTEM All of the components of a computer system can be summarized with the simple equations: COMPUTER SYSTEM = HARDWARE + SOFTWARE + USER Hardware = Internal Devices + Peripheral Devices Software = Programs Software which gives “intelligence” to the computer. User = Person, who operates computer.
- 6. 6 INPUT DEVICES Mouse & Keyboard Scanner Track Ball Biometric Device Joystic Web Cam
- 7. 7 INPUT DEVICES Magnetic Card Reader Microphone Bluetooth Touch pad
- 8. 8 PROCESSOR CENTRAL PROCESSION UNIT (CPU) CPU is the main unit inside the computer. It is responsible for all events inside the computer. It controls all internal and external devices, performs arithmetic and logic operations. The CPU is the device that interprets and execute the
- 9. 9 OUTPUT DEVICES Monitor Speaker Printer Projector
- 12. 12 TYPES OF COMPUTER ON THE BASES OF WORKING PRINCIPLE a) Analog Computer An analog computer is a form of computer that uses continuous physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved. Thermomete r Speedomet er
- 14. 14 b) Digital Computer A computer that performs calculation and logical operations with quantities represented as digits, usually in the binary number system.
- 15. 15 b) Hybrid Computer (Analog + Digital) A combination of computers those are capable of inputting and outputting in both digital and analog signals.
- 16. 16 ON THE BASIS OF SIZE a) Super Computer •It is the fastest type of computer and is very expensive. •Used for specialized applications that require immense amounts of mathematical calculations i.e., weather forecasting.
- 17. 17 b) Mainframe Computer •A very large and expensive computer capable of supporting hundreds, or even thousands of users simultaneously. •It comes after supercomputer in hierarchy and sometimes it is more powerful than supercomputer. •Mainframe computer can support multiple programs simultaneously whereas super computer uses all its power to
- 18. 18 c) Mini Computer •It is a midsized computer. In size and power, it lie between workstations and mainframes. •In general, a minicomputer is a multiprocessing system capable of supporting from 4 to about 200 users
- 19. 19 d) Micro Computer •Desktop Computer: a personal computer sufficient to fit on a desk. •Laptop Computer: a portable computer complete with an integrated screen and keyboard. •Palmtop Computer: a hand-sized computer with no keyboard as the screen serves both as an input and output device.