Introduction to computing
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The document presents an introduction to computer science, defining computers as machines that process information, and outlines various types of computers, including analog and hybrid. It covers the essential components of computer science, such as hardware, software, data, and users, and details the information processing cycle along with the various hardware types like processing devices, memory devices, input/output devices, and storage devices. Additionally, it discusses software types, including system and application software, and emphasizes the role of users in operating computer systems.
Introduction to computing
- 2. WHAT IS COMPUTER A machine that can receive and store information and change or process it.
- 3. TYPES OF COMPUTER ➢Analog Computers ➢ Hybrid computers
- 4. Parts of the Computer Science • Computer science have four parts – Hardware – Software – Data – User
- 5. Parts of the Computer Science • Hardware – Mechanical devices in the computer – Anything that can be touched • Software – Tell the computer what to do – Also called a program – Thousands of programs exist
- 6. Parts of the Computer Science • Data – Pieces of information – Computer organize and present data • Users – People operating the computer – Most important part – Tell the computer what to do
- 7. Information Processing Cycle • Steps followed to process data • Input • Processing • Output • Storage
- 8. Essential Computer Hardware • Computers use the same basic hardware • Hardware categorized into four types
- 9. Essential Computer Hardware • Processing devices – Brains of the computer – Carries out instructions from the program – Manipulate the data – Most computers have several processors – Central Processing Unit (CPU) – Secondary processors – Processors made of silicon and copper
- 10. Essential Computer Hardware • Memory devices – Stores data or programs – Random Access Memory (RAM) • Volatile • Stores current data and programs • More RAM results in a faster system – Read Only Memory (ROM) • Permanent storage of programs • Holds the computer boot directions
- 11. Essential Computer Hardware • Input and output devices – Allows the user to interact – Input devices accept data • Keyboard, mouse – Output devices deliver data • Monitor, printer, speaker – Some devices are input and output • Touch screens
- 12. Essential Computer Hardware • Storage devices – Hold data and programs permanently – Different from RAM – Magnetic storage • Floppy and hard drive • Uses a magnet to access data – Optical storage • CD and DVD drives • Uses a laser to access data
- 13. Software Runs The Machine • Tells the computer what to do • Reason people purchase computers • Two types – System software – Application software
- 14. Software Runs The Machine • System software – Most important software – Operating system • Windows XP – Network operating system (OS) • Windows Server 2008 – Utility • Symantec AntiVirus
- 15. Software Runs The Machine • Application software – Accomplishes a specific task – Most common type of software • MS Word – Covers most common uses of computers
- 16. Computer data • Fact with no meaning on its own • Stored using the binary number system • Data can be organized into files
- 17. Computer users • Role depends on ability – Setup the system – Install software – Mange files – Maintain the system • “Userless” computers – Run with no user input – Automated systems
- 18. REFERENCES: • www.mapsofworld.com • www.irmt.org • www.plato.stanford.edu
- 19. INTRO TO COMPUTER SCIENCE THANK YOU