COMPUTER MEMORY -overview,types and.pptx
- 1. COMPUTER MEMORY PRESENTED BY HC/RO RANA SANJEEV SINGH An Overview of Types and Functions of Computer Memory
- 2. What is Computer Memory? • Definition: Computer memory refers to devices or systems that store data and instructions temporarily or permanently. • Purpose: It allows the computer to store and retrieve data for processing tasks.
- 3. Types of Computer Memory • Primary Memory (Volatile):RAM (Random Access Memory) • Cache Memory • Secondary Memory (Non-Volatile):Hard Drive (HDD) • Solid-State Drive (SSD) • Optical Discs (CD/DVD) • Tertiary and Off-line Memory: (For archival storage, e.g., Tape Drives)
- 4. Primary Memory - RAM • Definition: Random Access Memory (RAM) is the temporary memory used by the CPU to store data and instructions that are currently in use.Features:Volatile (data is lost when power is turned off) • Fast access speed • Used for active processes and running applications • Types of RAM:DRAM (Dynamic RAM) • SRAM (Static RAM)
- 5. Cache Memory • Definition: A smaller, faster type of volatile memory located closer to the CPU.Purpose: Stores frequently accessed data for faster retrieval.Levels of Cache:L1 Cache: Integrated into the CPU (small and fast) • L2 Cache: Slightly larger, located on or near the CPU • L3 Cache: Even larger, shared by multiple cores in multi-core processors
- 6. Secondary Memory • Definition: Non-volatile storage that retains data even when the computer is powered off.Types:HDD (Hard Disk Drive): Magnetic storage, slower but cost-effective. • SSD (Solid State Drive): Faster, more durable, uses flash memory. • Optical Discs: CD/DVD for data storage and media. • Purpose: Store data, software, and the operating system for long-term use.
- 7. Tertiary & Off-line Memory • Definition: Storage used for backup and archival purposes, typically not directly accessible by the system.Examples:Tape drives • Cloud storage (used for off-line data access) • Purpose: Long-term storage and data retrieval.
- 8. Memory Hierarchy • Description: The structure of memory in a computer system, from the fastest but smallest (Cache) to the slowest but largest (Secondary Storage).Cache: Fast, expensive, small • RAM: Faster than secondary storage, limited capacity • Secondary Storage (HDD/SSD): Large capacity, slower access • Why Hierarchy? Balances speed, cost, and capacity..
- 9. Summary • Key Takeaways:Memory is divided into primary (RAM, Cache) and secondary (HDD, SSD) types. • RAM is temporary and fast, while secondary memory is permanent and used for long-term storage. • A balance of memory types is needed for optimal performance in a computer.
- 10. THANK YOU