Computer network 1
- 2. COMPUTER NETWORK Network A network is any interconnection of two or more station that wish to communicate. Computer Network A computer network is interconnection of two or more nodes(computer) for sharing information and communication.
- 3. NETWORK BENEFITS The network provided to the users can be divided into two categories: i. Sharing ii. Connectivity
- 4. DISDAVATAGES OF NETWORKS High cost of installation Requires time for administration Failure of server Cable faults
- 5. Application Computer Network Sharing of resources such as printer. Sharing of expansive software and database. Communication from one computer to another. Exchange of data and information among users. For educational purpose. Sharing information over the geographically wide area.
- 6. OTHER BENEFITS OF COMPUTER NETWORK Increased speed Reduced cost Improved security Centralized software managements Electronic mail Flexible access
- 7. COMPONENTS OF COMPUTER NETWORK Two or more computers Cables as links between the computers A network interfacing card(NIC) on each computer Switches Software called operating system(OS)
- 8. SHARING RESOURCES Types of resources are: 1. Hardware: A network allows users to share many hardware devices such as printers , modems, fax machines, CD ROM, players, etc. 2. Software: sharing software resources reduces the cost of software installation, saves space on hard disk.
- 9. Uses Of Computer Network Business Application Home Application Mobile Users Social Issue
- 10. Business Application Many companies have a substantial number of computers. For example, a company may have separate computers to monitor production, keep track of inventories, and do the payroll. Initially, each of these computers may have worked in isolation from the others, but at some point, management may have decided to connect them to be able to extract and correlate information about the entire company. Put in slightly more general form, the issue here is resource sharing. The data are stored on powerful computers called servers
- 11. Home Application There is no reason for any individual to have a computer in his home. People initially bought computer for word processing and games. Recently the biggest reason to buy home computer for Internet access. home network are used in entertainment including, listening to music, photos and videos.
- 12. Mobile Users Mobile computers, such as notebook computers and personal digital assistants (PDAs), are one of the fastest growing segments of the computer industry. People on the go often want to use their mobile device to read and send mails, tweet watch movies, download music, play games or suit for the web application.
- 13. Social Issue Social network messages boards, content sharing sites and a host of other application allow people to share their views with different minded individuals. As long as a subjects restricted to terminal topic or business like gardening not two many problems will arise.
- 14. Types Of Computer Network Local area network(LAN) Metropolitan area network(MAN) Wide area network(WAN) Personal area network(PAN) Campus area network(CAN)
- 16. Local area network(LAN) LAN is a Local Area Network which spans a small geographical area. They are limited to a single building bor campus i.e. around 1km. the users in LAN can share expensive resources and communicate with each other by spending message. The various characteristics are as follows: 1) Size : limited number of companies i.e. approximately 50 computers. 2) Transmission media: it would be either coaxial, twisted pair or fiber optic cable which is depending b on the cost of the LAN network. 3) Data rate:10 Mbps 4) Topology: bus or star toplogy.
- 19. Metropolitan area network(MAN) A metropolitan area network, or MAN, covers a city. The best-known example of a MAN is the cable television network available in many cities. This system grew from earlier community antenna systems used in areas with poor over-the-air television reception. Characteristics are: 1) Size: it is limited upto one city. 2) Speed: it is between 10-100Mbps 3) It can be both data and voice 4) Application: LAN to LAN connection within city.
- 21. Wide area network(WAN) A wide area network, or WAN, spans a large geographical area, often a country or continent It uses similar technology as LAN. It can be a single network such as cable TV network, or a measure of connecting a number of LAN’s o a large network so that resources can be shared LAN to LAN as well as device to device. Characteristics are: 1) Size: unlimited number of computers can be added 2) Speed: more than 100Mbps 3) Topology: hybrid topology 4) Application: internet
- 23. Personal area network(PAN) A personal area network is a computer network organized around an individual person. It generally consists of a mobile computer, a cell phone or personal digital assistant. PAN enables the communication among these devices. It can also be used for communication among personal devices themselves for connecting to a digital level network and internet. The PANs can be constructed using wireless or cables.
- 25. Campus area network(CAN) The campus area network is made up of an interconnection of LAN with limited geographical area. Network equipment's such as switches, routers and the transmission media i.e. optical fiber etc. are almost entirely owned by the campus owner.
- 27. NETWORK CLASSIFICATION BY THEIR COMPONENT ROLE PEER TO PEER NETWORK CLIENT SERVER NETWORK
- 28. PEER TO PEER NETWORK In peer to peer network each computer is responsible for making its own resources available to other computers on the network. Each computer is responsible for setting up and maintaining its own security for these resources. Also each computer is responsible for accessing the required network resources from peer to peer relationships. Peer to peer network is useful for a small network containing less than 10 computers on a single LAN . peer to peer network each computer can function as both client and server. Peer to peer networks do not have a central control system. There are no servers in peer networks. Peer networks are amplified into home group
- 29. ADVANTAGES OF PEER TO PEER NETWORK Use less expensive computer hardware Easy to administer No NOS required More built in redundancy Easy setup & low cost
- 30. DISADVANTAGES OF PEER TO PEER NETWORK Not very secure No central point of storage or file archiving Additional load on computer because of resource sharing Hard to maintain version control
- 31. CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK In client-server network relationships, certain computers act as server and other act as clients. A server is simply a computer, that available the network resources and provides service to other computers when they request it. A client is the computer running a program that requests the service from a server. Local area network(LAN) is based on client server network relationship. A client-server network is one n which all available network resources such as files, directories, applications and shared devices, are centrally managed and hosted and then are accessed by client. Client serve network are defined by the presence of servers on a network that provide security and administration of the network.
- 32. ADVANTAGES OF CLIENTSERVER NETWORK Very secure Better performance Centralized backup very reliable
- 33. DISADVANTAGES OF CLIENTSERVER NETWORK requires professional administration More hardware intensive More software intensive Expensive dedicated software
- 34. Distinguish between peer to peer and client server
- 35. TYPES OF SERVERS File server : storing, retrieving and moving the data. A user can read, write, exchange and manage the files with the help of file servers. Printer server: The printer server is used for controlling and managing printing on the network. It also offers the fax service to the network users. Application server: The expensive software and additional computing power can be shared by the computers in a network with he help of application servers. Message server: It is used to co-ordinate the interaction between users, documents and applications. The data can be used in the for of audio, video, binary, text or graphics. Database server: It is a type of application server. It allows the uses to access the centralized strong database
- 36. Internetworking Internetworking started as a way to connect disparate types of computer networking technology. Computer network term is used to describe two or more computers that are linked to each other. When two or more computer LANs or WANs or computer network segments are connected using devices such as a router and configure by logical addressing scheme with a protocol such as IP, then it is called as computer internetworking. There are chiefly 3 unit of Internetworking: 1 Extranet 2 Intranet 3 Internet
- 37. Wireless network Wireless network is a network set up by using radio signal frequency to communicate among computers and other network devices. Sometimes it’s also referred to as WiFi network or WLAN. This network is getting popular nowadays due to easy to setup feature and no cabling involved. You can connect computers anywhere in your home without the need for wires The two main components are wireless router or access point and wireless clients.
- 38. Wireless network