Computer Networking Solutions for Energy Systems
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The document provides an overview of Westermo's computer networking solutions for energy systems, detailing their products and applications in power generation, transmission, and distribution. It highlights the challenges faced in the energy sector, such as the need for support of legacy equipment and long-distance communications, while showcasing Westermo's robust networking solutions designed for high-stress environments. Additionally, the document covers specific applications in renewable energy and substation automation, emphasizing the importance of cybersecurity and network redundancy.
Computer Networking Solutions for Energy Systems
- 1. Computer networking Solutions For energy systems Benjamin Campbell & Dakota Diehl
- 2. 2 Team Introduction Introduction to Westermo Energy Segment Overview Generation Distribution Applications Overview
- 3. 3 Introductions Dakota Diehl Network Application Engineer dakota.diehl@westermo.us 847.453.3899 Benjamin Campbell Technical Support Engineer benjamin.campbell@westermo.us 847.453.3896
- 4. 4 Westermo group 2020 Founded in 1975 Industry leading software and hardware development force Own production in Sweden with state of the art process control Own sales and support units in 12 key countries, distribution partners in many others
- 6. 6 Generation Transmission Distribution Supply Power generation conventional Power generation renewables Process industries substation (480 V – 36 kV) Energy Segment Overview Transmission lines (110 – 800 kV) Transmission substation (130 – 250 kV) Grid / primary substations (130 – 33 kV) Secondary substation (6 – 11 kV) Electricity poles Embedded generation Storage, EVs Consumers (90 – 240 V) Electricity meters
- 7. 7 Power Grid Overview Power generation Transmission network 250 – 800 kV Transmission substation 400 – 800 kV down to 132 kV Transmission network 132 kV Grid substation 132 kV down to 33 kV Primary substation 33 kV down to 6 – 11 kV Secondary substations / transformers 6 – 11 kV down to 400 V Micro grid generation
- 8. 8 Device servers Compact Device Server for legacy equipment Designed for use in industrial applications Robust for long service life Unique future proof industrial networking solutions WeOS Switches for various needs
- 9. 9 Ethernet extenders Save time and money reusing old cables and equipment Designed for use in industrial applications Robust for long service life Unique future proof industrial networking solutions WeOS switches for various needs
- 10. 10 Westermo Product Offerings Industry Approvals Environmental specification Products Nordic animals Solution provider Software tools Quality assurance Software & Hardware Cyber security Customer Finding solution
- 11. Generation Oil, Gas and Renewables
- 12. 12 Transmission lines (110 – 800 kV) Transmission substation (130 – 250 kV) Grid / primary substations (130 – 33 kV) Process industries substation (480 V – 36 kV) Consumers (90 – 240 V) Electricity meters Embedded generation Storage, EVs Generation Transmission Distribution Power generation conventional Power generation renewables Secondary substation (6 – 11 kV) Electricity poles Supply Power plant (Saudi Arabia) Serial converters ODW, MDW Thermal solar plant (Spain) RedFox, Lynx switches Westermo current business in the Energy segment Westermo in the Energy Segment
- 13. 13 Oil Refinery Process Control Application Westermo in the Energy Segment Business info: Variety of plants and topologies, with brown field applications to revitalize old equipment and infrastructure. Customer Pains: Legacy equipment needs supported High stress environments Need long distance communications Westermo Advantages: Portfolio supporting major industrial protocols SHDSL application to cover long distances Wide array of media conversion availability High temperature ratings and certifications Galvanic Isolation -40 to +70C Ratings ATEX Certifications SERIAL PLC SERIAL PLC SERIAL PLC SERIAL PLC Fiber Optic Ring FRNT Ring over SHDSL w/ Bypass Relays
- 14. 14 Renewable Energy – Wind Farm Network Topology: Rings: Lynx and Redfox switches Horseshoe: robust and scalable topology up to 16 “rings No need for a closed ring Control room: 2 central RedFox racks FRNT backbone Improved Cyber Security: Layer 3 available Cyber security features available in WeOS Network segmentation; routing WeConfig: easy-to-scale; easy-to-replicate; easy-to-maintain
- 16. 16 SAMCA Application Solar Plant in Spain servicing over 45,000 homes. Over 225,000 mirrors, grouped into 672 solar collectors, all continually adjusted to capture the sun’s rays. If network traffic is interrupted, energy is lost! Over 200 switches were configured into nine sub-rings, delivering a simple, yet highly redundant and efficient solution. All units were configured together and installed, providing simple installation.
- 17. Distribution
- 18. 18 Transmission lines (110 – 800 kV) Transmission substation (130 – 250 kV) Grid / primary substations (130 – 33 kV) Process industries substation (480 V – 36 kV) Consumers (90 – 240 V) Electricity meters Embedded generation Storage, EVs Generation Transmission Distribution Power generation conventional Power generation renewables Secondary substation (6 – 11 kV) Electricity poles Supply Power distr. smart grid (UK) Extenders DDW, cellular MRD Remote electricity meters (Bulgaria) Serial adapters EDW-100 Westermo current business in the Energy segment Westermo in the Energy Segment
- 19. 19 Introduction to substations Switch RackMedium Voltage Switchgear Protection Relay or IED Circuit Breaker Busbar Network Switches IEC 61850 compliant
- 20. 20 Introduction to substations Power grids – overview As the voltage level decreases, the amount of units in the grid increases Single line diagram Grid, primary and secondary substations Primary distribution substations Our focus: IEDs and switches
- 21. 21 Communication: MMS: communication between IED and SCADA GOOSE: interlocking/protection communication among IEDs SV (or SMV): measurement communication between IEDs and Merging Units/equipment Network redundancy: PRP: Parallel Redundancy Protocol HSR: High-Availability Seamless Redundancy Time synchronization: PTP (IEEE 1588): Precision Time Protocol SNTP: Simple Network Time Protocol IEC 61850 protocols Substation Automation basics and use cases MMS SV HMI-SCADA system Process Bus Station Bus GOOSE
- 22. 22 Typical network topology Substation Automation basics and use cases Process Bus HSR PRP A PRP B Station Bus RedBox RedBox HSR RedBox
- 23. 23 Substation Automation basics and use cases IEC 61850 protocols: Communication Network redundancy Time synchronization Typical use cases: Single ring, Ed.1 IEDs Redundant PRP Station bus PRP Station bus; HSR Process bus
- 24. 24 Primary substation connectivity Westermo in the Energy Segment Control Center connects to RTUs in every primary substation: Status information (no protection) 100+ primary substations, very spread geographies From substations to central SCADA: Point-to-point media converters (e.g. ODWs) Analog modems (e.g. TD-23) Leased lines Westermo proposal: Replacing analog serial-based network by Wolverine More reliability over existing cabling infrastructure Faster communication through Ethernet networks Power generation Transmission network 250 – 800 kV Transmission substation 400 – 800 kV down to 132 kV Transmission network 132 kV Grid substation 132 kV down to 33 kV Primary substation 33 kV down to 6 – 11 kV Secondary substations / transformers 6 – 11 kV down to 400 V Control center (Central SCADA)
- 25. 25 Smart grid communication Westermo in the Energy Segment Distribution companies – main problem: Increase reliability in the network to its customers: Reduce number of minutes lost Reduce number of customer interruptions Get ready for Smart Grids: Better management and control, automation systems dispatching/controlling the grid Better control of distributed generation (residential level) Westermo proposal: Cellular communication to control centers (e.g. MRDs) Power generation Transmission network 250 – 800 kV Transmission substation 400 – 800 kV down to 132 kV Transmission network 132 kV Grid substation 132 kV down to 33 kV Primary substation 33 kV down to 6 – 11 kV Secondary substations / transformers 6 – 11 kV down to 400 V Control center (Central SCADA)
- 26. 26 Hybrid L2/L3 network Backhaul L2 ring topology 20-30ms re-convergence time Simplified View showing A Network only L3 routing and FW at each node creates a Zone Dynamic routing protocol (OSPF) used to advertise location of subnets only, not used for re-convergence
- 27. 27 Securing traffic over network Backhaul L3 routing and FW at each node creates a Zone Use Firewall to create data conduits between master substation site and remote nodes i.e. only defined traffic will be able to pass in to and out of the core ring. The core traffic in this scenario will not be encrypted, but network configuration will be simpler
- 28. 28 Hybrid L2/L3 network with encryption Backhaul SSL VPN established between remote node and substation router/s. All communication to the remote location will be via VPN. OSPF will distribute subnets available on each remote site. All management will be in-band i.e. software updates, configuration and SCADA.
- 29. 29 Backhaul Routed links to central SCADA L2 ring topology 20-30ms re-convergence time L3 routing and FW at each node creates a Zone X Backup Primary
- 30. 30 Backhaul X Backup Primary VRRP SSL VPN OSPF distributes the remote not availability. Could be an OSPF area per substation. Multiple modes of failure are possible. As long as there is a physical path back to the substation the remote node will be available from the master SCADA system. Primary routes via VPN Backup routes via VPN
- 31. 31 Westermo in the Energy Segment Backbone Fibre ZONE 1 10.10.10.0/24 ZONE 2 10.20.20.0/28 IED RS-232, DNP-3 RS-232, Config port Maintainers sandbox entry point, access to network is FW, if 802.1x configured only valid users/machines can join the network All communication
- 32. 32 SHDSL Applications Other Applications Point-To-Pont with PAF Bonding Point-To-Pont with Bypass Relays FRNT Ring with Layer 2 Redundancy
- 33. 33