Computer networks
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This document provides an introduction to computer networks. It defines what a computer network is and describes how networks can connect computers that are located anywhere. It then discusses different types of networks including LANs, MANs, and WANs. It also outlines common applications of networks like resource and information sharing, communication, and remote computing. Finally, it explores various network components and topics such as topologies, networking media, devices, the client-server model, networking protocols like TCP/IP, and popular applications.
Computer networks
- 1. INTRODUCTION TOCOMPUTER NETWORKS GROUP-B SYEDFARAN RAZA MOHAMMADJAMIL JAHANZAIBMUSTAJAB FARHAN ALI ALI SHER Introduction to Computer Networks
- 2. COMPUTERNETWORKS COMPUTER NETWORK CONNECTS TWO OR MORE INDEPENDENT COMPUTERS. THE COMPUTERS CAN BE GEOGRAPHICALLY LOCATEDANYWHERE. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 3. LAN, MAN & WAN LAN : NETWORK IN SMALL GEOGRAPHICAL AREA (ROOM, BUILDING OR A CAMPUS) IS CALLED LAN (LOCAL AREA NETWORK) MAN : NETWORK IN A CITY IS CALL MAN (METROPOLITAN AREA NETWORK) WAN : NETWORK SPREAD GEOGRAPHICALLY (COUNTRY OR ACROSS GLOBE) IS CALLED WAN (WIDE AREA NETWORK) Introduction to Computer Networks
- 4. APPLICATIONS OF NETWORKS RESOURCE SHARING HARDWARE (COMPUTING RESOURCES, DISKS, PRINTERS) SOFTWARE (APPLICATION SOFTWARE) INFORMATION SHARING EASY ACCESSIBILITY FROM ANYWHERE (FILES, DATABASES) SEARCH CAPABILITY (WWW) COMMUNICATION EMAIL MESSAGE BROADCAST REMOTE COMPUTING A PERSON TO CONTROL A REMOTE COMPUTER FROM ANOTHER COMPUTER. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 5. NETWORKTOPOLOGY THE NETWORK TOPOLOGY DEFINES THE WAY IN WHICH COMPUTERS, PRINTERS, AND OTHER DEVICES ARE CONNECTED. A NETWORK TOPOLOGY DESCRIBES THE LAYOUT OF THE WIRE ANDDEVICES AS WELL AS THE PATHS USED BY DATA TRANSMISSIONS. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 6. BUS TOPOLOGY COMMONLY REFERRED TO AS A LINEAR BUS, ALL THE DEVICES ON A BUS TOPOLOGY ARE CONNECTED BY ONE SINGLE CABLE. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 7. STAR& TREE TOPOLOGY THE STARTOPOLOGY IS THE MOST COMMONLY USED ARCHITECTURE IN ETHERNET LANS. WHEN INSTALLED, THE STAR TOPOLOGY RESEMBLES SPOKES IN A BICYCLE WHEEL. LARGER NETWORKS USE THE EXTENDED STAR TOPOLOGY ALSO CALLED TREE TOPOLOGY. WHEN USED WITH NETWORK DEVICES THAT FILTER FRAMES OR PACKETS, LIKE BRIDGES, SWITCHES, AND ROUTERS, THIS TOPOLOGY SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCES THE TRAFFIC ON THE WIRES BY SENDING PACKETS ONLY TO THE WIRES Introduction to Computer Networks
- 8. RING TOPOLOGY A FRAME TRAVELS AROUND THE RING, STOPPING AT EACH NODE. IF A NODE WANTS TO TRANSMIT DATA, IT ADDS THE DATA AS WELL AS THE DESTINATION ADDRESS TO THE FRAME. THE FRAME THEN CONTINUES AROUND THE RING UNTIL IT FINDS THE DESTINATION NODE, WHICH TAKES THE DATA OUT OF THE FRAME. SINGLE RING – ALL THE DEVICES ON THE NETWORK SHARE A SINGLE CABLE DUAL RING – THE DUAL RING Introduction to Computer Networks
- 9. MESHTOPOLOGY THE MESH TOPOLOGY CONNECTS ALL DEVICES (NODES) TO EACH OTHER FOR REDUNDANCY AND FAULT TOLERANCE. IT IS USEDIN WANS TO INTERCONNECT LANS AND FOR MISSION CRITICAL NETWORKS LIKE THOSE USED BY BANKS AND FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS. IMPLEMENTING THE Introduction to Computer Networks
- 10. NETWORKCOMPONENTS PHYSICAL MEDIA INTERCONNECTING DEVICES COMPUTERS NETWORKING SOFTWARE APPLICATIONS Introduction to Computer Networks
- 11. NETWORKING MEDIA NETWORKING MEDIA CAN BE DEFINED SIMPLY AS THE MEANS BY WHICH SIGNALS (DATA) ARE SENT FROM ONE COMPUTER TO ANOTHER (EITHER BY CABLE OR WIRELESS MEANS). Introduction to Computer Networks
- 12. NETWORKING DEVICES HUB, SWITCHES, ROUTERS, WIRELESS ACCESS POINTS, MODEMS ETC. Introduction to Computer Networks
- 13. COMPUTERS: CLIENTS AND SERVERSIN A CLIENT/SERVER NETWORK ARRANGEMENT, NETWORK SERVICES ARE LOCATED IN A DEDICATED COMPUTER WHOSE ONLY FUNCTION IS TO RESPOND TO THE REQUESTS OF CLIENTS. THE SERVER CONTAINS THE FILE, PRINT, APPLICATION, SECURITY, AND OTHER SERVICES IN A CENTRAL COMPUTER THAT IS Introduction to Computer Networks
- 14. NETWORKING PROTOCOL: TCP/IP Introduction to Computer Networks
- 15. APPLICATIONS E-MAIL SEARCHABLE DATA (WEB SITES) E-COMMERCE NEWS GROUPS INTERNET TELEPHONY (VOIP) VIDEO CONFERENCING CHAT GROUPS INSTANT MESSENGERS INTERNET RADIO Introduction to Computer Networks