Computers as Information and Communication Technology
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This document discusses the role of computers and information and communication technology (ICT) in education. It begins by outlining how computer technology has amplified learning and allowed for interactive engagement with information. It then discusses the rise of computer-assisted instruction and personal computers in classrooms. The document outlines key computer programs and their educational uses. It also discusses how ICTs like radio, television, and the internet can expand access to education, prepare students for the workplace, improve education quality, and transform learning to be more learner-centered. Key ways ICTs have been used for teaching and learning are also summarized.
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Box 2. Promoting Learner-Centered Pedagogy through Computers
Project CHILD (Computers Helping Instruction and Learning Development) is a computer-
integrated instruction programme developed in 1988 by the University of Florida for
grades K-5 (pre-school and primary school).The programme focuses on three subject
areas—reading,writing and mathematics. Each Project CHILD classroom has a learning
station with between three to six computers. Butzin describes a typical Project CHILD
classroom scenario thus:
• A class period begins with the teacher conducting a whole group lesson—let’s say an
introduction to fractions. After about 10 minutes of direct instruction, the students fan out
to their first assigned learning station. Each station will have an activity related to fractions.
Some stations will focus on skill practice, while others will focus on concept development.
The station activities encompass kinesthetic (hands-on) learning as well as auditory and
visual modalities. The teacher assigns instructional software at each computer station to
tie in with the lesson objectives.
• As student groups work at their stations, the teacher circulates to help, probe, assess, and
encourage students as they work on their assigned tasks.When a student finishes an
activity…[s/he] moves on [to the next station] as needed. At the end of the period, the
teacher gathers the class together for reflection and discussion on the day’s activities.
• Teachers form cross grade subject-specific clusters (K-2 or 3-5) and work with children over
three years, the better to judge what software is appropriate for the subject and to allow
students to learn at their own pace. Teachers are also given one year training on
integration and are provided with research-based materials for lesson planning and
technology integration. Over a decade’s worth of research on Project CHILD students
have shown that they have scored consistently higher on standardized tests than their
counterparts in traditional classrooms, and that the positive effects of the programme have
increased over time. Project CHILD students also exhibited better attitudes toward school
and learning, and better discipline as well. Project CHILD has been recognized as an
effective programme by the U.S.Department of Education’s National Diffusion Network
and has received funding for nationwide expansion.
Source: Butzin, S.,―Project CHILD: A Decade of Success for Young Children‖. Available](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/pwpineduc-7-120223014954-phpapp01/85/Computers-as-Information-and-Communication-Technology-31-320.jpg)
Computers as Information and Communication Technology
- 1. Lesson 9: Computers as Information and Communication Technology Jenelyn Calatrava Ronnie Z. Valenciano Jr. College of Development Education Central Bicol State University of Agriculture
- 2. Objectives: To identify the role of computers in education. To determine how computer technology transform into an educative information and communication technology (ICT) in education. To apply the computer-based technology in teaching pedagogy.
- 3. Introduction Through computer technology: 1. Educators saw the amplification of learning along computer literacy. 2. Much like reading, the modern student can now interact with computer messages; even respond to questions or to computer commands. 3. Like writing, the learner can form messages using computer language or program.
- 4. Soon computer-assisted instructed (CAI) was introduced using the principle of individualized learning through a positive climate that includes realism and appeal with drill exercises that uses color, music and animation.
- 5. But the evolving pace of innovation in today’s Information Age is so dynamic that within the first decade of the 21st century, computer technology in education has matured to transform into an educative information and communication technology (ICT) in education.
- 6. The Rise of Personal Computer (PC)? With a computer in the classroom, teachers are able to: 1.Demonstrate a new lesson, present new material, 2. Illustrate how to use new programs, 3. Show new websites .
- 7. Educational Instructional media communication media consist of audio-visual comprise the media of aids communication Examples are the using the print, film, radio blackboard, photo, film television or satellite and video. means of communication
- 8. The programs (capabilities) normally installed in an ordinary modern PC are: Microsoft Office – program for composing text, graphics, photos into letters, articles, report, etc. Power point – for preparing lecture presentations. Excel – for spreadsheets and similar graphic sheets.
- 9. Internet Explorer – access to the internet. Yahoo or Google – websites; e-mail, chat rooms, blog sites, news service (print/video) educational software etc. Adobe Reader – graphs/photo composition and editing. MSN – mail/chat messaging.
- 10. ● Windows media player – CD, VCD player. Cyber Power – DVD player Windows media player – editing film/video.
- 11. Activity of the Students: Activity 1 On the enumerated programs installed in a computer, pick your TOP 5 programs which do you prefer most. Reason out your ranking. Post your answer on http://tonnieme.blogspot.com/
- 12. What is ICT? ICT is an acronym that stands for Information Communications Technology. Lets focus on the three words behind ICT: - INFORMATION - COMMUNICATIONS - TECHNOLOGY
- 13. ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information electronically in a digital form.
- 14. ―diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store, and manage information. include computers, the Internet, broadcasting technologies (radio and television), and telephony.
- 15. How can ICTs help expand access to education? 1. ICTs make possible asynchronous learning, or learning characterized by a time lag between the delivery of instruction and its reception by learners. Online course materials, for example , may be accessed 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
- 16. 2. Teachers and learners no longer have to rely solely on printed books and other materials in physical media housed in libraries (and available in limited quantities) for their educational needs. 3. ICTs also facilitate access to resource persons—mentors, experts, researchers, professionals, business leaders, and peers—all over the world.
- 17. How does the use of ICTs help prepare individuals for the workplace? Technological literacy, or the ability to use ICTs effectively and efficiently, is thus seen as representing a competitive edge in an increasingly globalizing job market. Examine the table: Table 1. Skills Needed in the Workplace of the Future Source: Adapted from EnGauge. North Central Regional Educational Laboratory. Available Online at http://www.ncrel.org/engauge/skills/21skills.htm. Accessed 31 May 2002.
- 18. Digital Age Literacy Global awareness - Functional literacy- Understanding of Ability to decipher how nations, meaning and corporations, and express ideas in a communities all over range of media; this the world are includes the use of interrelated Scientific literacy- Understanding of Cultural literacy- both the theoretical Appreciation of and applied aspects the diversity of of science and cultures mathematics Information literacy- Ability to Technological find, evaluate and literacy- Competence in the make appropriate use of information use of information, and communication including via the technologies use of ICTs
- 19. Adaptability Creativity Ability to adapt Risk-taking Ability to use and manage in Curiosity Inventive Ability to take imagination to a complex, Desire to know Thinking risks create new interdependent things world
- 20. Effective Communication Teaming -Ability to work in a team Collaboration and Interpersonal skills - Ability to interact smoothly and work effectively with others interpersonal skills Personal and social Responsibility- Be accountable for the way they use ICTs and to learn to use ICTs responsibility for the public good Interactive communication Competence in conveying, transmitting, accessing and understanding information High Productivity -Ability to prioritize, plan, and manage programs and projects to achieve the desired results. Ability to apply what they learn in the classroom to real-life contexts to create relevant, high-quality products
- 21. How can the use of ICTs help improve the quality of education? 1. Motivating to learn - ICTs such as videos, television and multimedia computer software that combine text, sound, and colorful, moving images can be used to provide challenging and authentic content that will engage the student in the learning process.
- 22. 2. Facilitating the acquisition of basic skills. - Educational television programs such as Sesame Street use repetition and reinforcement to teach the alphabet, numbers, colors, shapes and other basic concepts.
- 23. 3. Enhancing teacher training - ICTs have also been used to improve access to and the quality of teacher training. - For example, institutions like the Cyber Teacher Training Center (CTTC) in South Korea are taking advantage of the Internet to provide better teacher professional development opportunities to inservice teachers.
- 24. How can ICTs help transform the learning environment into one that is learner-centered? 1. . Active learning. -ICT enhanced learning mobilizes tools for examination, calculation and analysis of information, thus providing a platform for student inquiry, analysis and construction of new information
- 25. 2. Collaborative learning. -ICT-supported learning encourages interaction and cooperation among students, teachers, and experts regardless of where they are. 3. Creative Learning. - ICT-supported learning promotes the manipulation of existing information and the creation of real-world products rather than the regurgitation of received information.
- 26. 4. Integrative learning. - ICT-enhanced learning promotes a thematic, integrative approach to teaching and learning. - This approach eliminates the artificial separation between the different disciplines and between theory and practice that characterizes the traditional classroom approach.
- 27. 5. Evaluative learning. - ICT-enhanced learning is student- directed and diagnostic. - Unlike static,text- or print-based educational technologies, ICT-enhanced learning recognizes that there are many different learning pathways and many different articulations of knowledge. - ICTs allow learners to explore and discover rather than merely listen and remember.
- 28. The Uses of ICTs in Education Each of the different ICTs—print, audio/video cassettes, radio and TV broadcasts, computers or the Internet—may be used for presentation and demonstration, the most basic of the five levels.
- 29. How have radio and TV broadcasting been used in education? There are three general approaches to the use of radio and TV broadcasting in education: 1) direct class teaching, where broadcast programming substitutes for teachers on a temporary basis; 2) school broadcasting, where broadcast programming provides complementary teaching and learning resources not otherwise available; and
- 30. 3) general educational programming over community, national and international stations which provide general and informal educational opportunities. Activity 2 (Give your reaction as you read the paragraph. Post your reaction on http://promotelearners.blogspot.com/ The paragraph will be posted on the blogsite.)
- 31. (Please visit the blogsite for conveniences reading) Box 2. Promoting Learner-Centered Pedagogy through Computers Project CHILD (Computers Helping Instruction and Learning Development) is a computer- integrated instruction programme developed in 1988 by the University of Florida for grades K-5 (pre-school and primary school).The programme focuses on three subject areas—reading,writing and mathematics. Each Project CHILD classroom has a learning station with between three to six computers. Butzin describes a typical Project CHILD classroom scenario thus: • A class period begins with the teacher conducting a whole group lesson—let’s say an introduction to fractions. After about 10 minutes of direct instruction, the students fan out to their first assigned learning station. Each station will have an activity related to fractions. Some stations will focus on skill practice, while others will focus on concept development. The station activities encompass kinesthetic (hands-on) learning as well as auditory and visual modalities. The teacher assigns instructional software at each computer station to tie in with the lesson objectives. • As student groups work at their stations, the teacher circulates to help, probe, assess, and encourage students as they work on their assigned tasks.When a student finishes an activity…[s/he] moves on [to the next station] as needed. At the end of the period, the teacher gathers the class together for reflection and discussion on the day’s activities. • Teachers form cross grade subject-specific clusters (K-2 or 3-5) and work with children over three years, the better to judge what software is appropriate for the subject and to allow students to learn at their own pace. Teachers are also given one year training on integration and are provided with research-based materials for lesson planning and technology integration. Over a decade’s worth of research on Project CHILD students have shown that they have scored consistently higher on standardized tests than their counterparts in traditional classrooms, and that the positive effects of the programme have increased over time. Project CHILD students also exhibited better attitudes toward school and learning, and better discipline as well. Project CHILD has been recognized as an effective programme by the U.S.Department of Education’s National Diffusion Network and has received funding for nationwide expansion. Source: Butzin, S.,―Project CHILD: A Decade of Success for Young Children‖. Available
- 32. How have computers and the Internet been used for teaching and learning? 3 General Approaches to the instructional use of computers and the Internet 1)Learning about computers and the Internet, in which technological literacy is the end goal; 2) Learning with computers and the Internet, in which the technology facilitates learning across the curriculum; and 3) Learning through computers and the Internet, integrating technological skills development with curriculum applications.
- 33. Activity 3 Will ICTs Replace the Teacher? (Answer judiciously on the blogsite given by the reporter) Answers will be posted on the site. Post your answers on reportactivity.blogspot.com
- 34. The END!