Concept Kit 3-Phase AC Motor Drive Simulation (PSpice Version)
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This document provides information about modeling a 3-phase AC motor for electric drive system simulation in PSpice. It includes the motor specifications, modeling of torque and back-EMF, a simplified 3-phase AC motor model, the equivalent circuit model, and parameter settings. Appendices provide details on measuring points, evaluation text, gate signals, model text, and simulation settings.
![Concept Kit
Modeling of 3-Phase AC Motor
Drive Simulation
For Electric Drive Systems
[PSpice Version]
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 1](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/3-phaseacmotormodelpsspiceopen-120913030034-phpapp02/85/Concept-Kit-3-Phase-AC-Motor-Drive-Simulation-PSpice-Version-1-320.jpg)
![1.5) Parameters Settings
Model Parameters:
LOAD : Load current each phase of motor [Arms]
U 1 – e.g. LL = 125Arms, 140Arms, or 400Arms
M E0913
1
LL : Phase inductance [H]
LL = 105U
M
– e.g. LL = 10mH, 100mH, or 1H
2 4 R L L = 0 .0 1 2 5
N 0 KE = 0 .0 2
3 KT = 1 .6 RLL : Phase resistance (Phase-to-phase) [Ω]
LO AD = 140 – e.g. RLL = 10mΩ, 100mΩ, or 1Ω
KE : Back-EMF constant [V/RPM]
– e.g. KE= 0.01, 0.05, or 0.1
Fig. 4 Symbol of 3-Phase Induction Motor KT : Torque constant [Lb-in/A]
– e.g. KT= 0.1, 0.5, or 1
1 Pound Inch equals 0.11 Nm
• From the 3-Phase Induction Motor specification, the model is characterized by setting parameters
LL, RLL, KE, KT and LOAD.
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 7](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/3-phaseacmotormodelpsspiceopen-120913030034-phpapp02/85/Concept-Kit-3-Phase-AC-Motor-Drive-Simulation-PSpice-Version-7-320.jpg)
![2.4) Power Output and Efficiency Characteristics At 140Arms
- Simulation Results
2 0 KW
At Load=140Arms, Power Output ≈ 13.7 [KW]
( 9 6 0 . 6 1 6 m, 1 3 . 6 6 2 K)
Watt 1 0 KW
SEL > >
0W
RMS( V( RU: 1 , N0 ) ) * RMS( I ( RU) )
100
At Load=140Arms, Efficiency ≈ 82 [%]
( 9 6 2 . 5 0 0 m, 8 1 . 9 4 1 )
[%] 50
0
0. 5s 1. 0s
100* ( ( RMS( V( U, N0 ) ) * RMS( I ( RU) ) ) / ( RMS( V( RU: 1 , N0 ) ) * RMS( I ( RU) ) ) )
Ti me Reference of Phase U
Fig. 9 Power Output and Efficiency Characteristics at Load=140Arms
All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 12](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/3-phaseacmotormodelpsspiceopen-120913030034-phpapp02/85/Concept-Kit-3-Phase-AC-Motor-Drive-Simulation-PSpice-Version-12-320.jpg)
Concept Kit 3-Phase AC Motor Drive Simulation (PSpice Version)
- 1. Concept Kit Modeling of 3-Phase AC Motor Drive Simulation For Electric Drive Systems [PSpice Version] All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 1
- 2. Contents Slide # 1. Modeling of 3-Phase AC Motor Model 1.1 Manufacturer Specification......................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Torque and Back-EMF............................................................................................................... 4 1.3 Simplified 3-Phase AC Motor Model......................................................................................... 5 1.4 The 3-Phase AC Motor Equivalent Circuit................................................................................. 6 1.5 Parameter Settings..................................................................................................................... 7 2. Simulation Circuit of 3-Phase AC Motor Model................................................................................ 8 2.1 Phase Current Characteristics Under Load Variation................................................................ 9 2.2 Back-EMF Characteristics Under Load Condition..................................................................... 10 2.3 Speed and Torque Characteristics At 140Arms........................................................................ 11 2.4 Power Output and Efficiency Characteristics At 140Arms......................................................... 12 Appendix A: Measured Point of Simulation Circuit (1/2)........................................................... 13 Appendix A: Measured Point of Simulation Circuit (2/2)........................................................... 14 Appendix B: Evaluation Text...................................................................................................... 15 Appendix C: Gate Signal for Six-Step Control........................................................................... 16 Appendix D: 3-Phase AC Motor Model Text (1/2)..................................................................... 17 Appendix D: 3-Phase AC Motor Model Text (2/2)..................................................................... 18 Appendix E: Simulation Settings................................................................................................ 19 All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 2
- 3. 1.1) Manufacturer Specification Motenergy, Inc (ME0913) Motor Electrical Parameters • Operating Voltage Range..........................0 – 72 V MAX • Rated Continuous Current........................140 Arms • Peak Stalled Current.................................400 Arms • Voltage Constant.......................................50 RPM/V • Phase Resistance (L-L).............................0.0125 Ω • Phase Inductance......................................105uH at 120Hz, 110uH at 1kHz • Maximum Continuous Power Rating……..17KW at 102V DC Battery Voltage 14.3KW at 84VDC Battery Voltage 12KW at 72VDC Battery Voltage Motor Mechanical Parameters • Rated Speed.............................................3000 RPM • Maximum Speed.......................................5000 RPM • Rated Torque............................................288 Lb-in • Torque Constant.......................................1.6 Lb-in/A All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 3
- 4. 1.2) Torque and Back-EMF • The Torque are defined by : phe : u, v, w Tu = KT ⋅ Iu Vphe : Phase voltage applied from inverter to motor Tv = KT ⋅ Iv (1) VAC : Operating voltage range (Maximum voltage) Tw = KT ⋅ Iw VBAT : DC Voltage applied from battery Te = Tu + Tv + Tw (2) Iphe : Phase current At 140Arms (Rated Continuous Current) Tphe : Electric torque produced by u, v, w phase KT = 1.6 Lb-in/A Te : Electric torque produced by motor Ephe : Phase Back-EMF Tphe = 1.6 140 = 224Lb-in KE : Back-EMF constant Te = 224*3= 672Lb-in KT : Torque constant • The Back-EMF are defined by : ωm : Angular speed of rotor Eu = KE ⋅ ω m 1 Pound Inch equals 0.11 Nm Ev = K E ⋅ ω m (3) Ew = K E ⋅ ω m At 5000 RPM (Maximum Speed) Ephe ≈ VBAT (In an ideal motor, R and L are zero) Ephe = 102V KE = Ephe /ωm = 102 / 5000 KE ≈ 0.02V/RPM All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 4
- 5. 1.3) Simplified 3-Phase AC Motor Model Frequency Response 110uH 105uH BEMF1 R 1 L1 U 1 2 R 2 L2 BEMF2 Phase Resistance (L-L) : 0.0125Ω V 1 2 Phase Inductance : 105uH N 0 : 110uH BEMF3 R 3 L3 W 1 2 Fig. 1 Scheme of the 3-Phase Model Fig.2 Phase-to-Ground All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 5
- 6. RLL = 0.0125 PARAMET 0 0 LL = 105U OUT- OUT- OUT+ OUT+ KE = 0.02 KT = 1.6 IN+ IN- IN+ IN- 1.4) The 3-Phase AC Motor Equivalent Circuit lim_w 0 0 lim_u lim_v mul |Z| - Frequency Back-EMF Voltage 0 0 0 OUT+ OUT+ OUT+ OUT- OUT- OUT- IN+ IN- IN+ IN- IN+ IN- sp_w sp_u sp_v 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mechanical part IN+ IN- IN+ IN- IN+ IN- OUT+ OUT- OUT+ OUT- OUT+ OUT- emf_w emf_u emf_v emf_w emf_u emf_v sp_w sp_u - - - sp_v + + + E1 E2 E3 tw tu tv + + + - - - 0 0 0 TQSP 2 TQSP 2 TQSP 2 ew eu ev Fig. 3 Three-Phase AC Motor Equivalent Circuit • This figure shows the equivalent circuit of AC motor model that includes the |Z|- U1 U2 U3 frequency part ,Back-EMF voltage part ,and Mechanical part. 1 1 1 n1 n3 n2 • The Back-EMF voltage is the voltage generated across the motor's terminals as the windings move through the motor's magnetic field. Vw Vu Vv All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 6 0
- 7. 1.5) Parameters Settings Model Parameters: LOAD : Load current each phase of motor [Arms] U 1 – e.g. LL = 125Arms, 140Arms, or 400Arms M E0913 1 LL : Phase inductance [H] LL = 105U M – e.g. LL = 10mH, 100mH, or 1H 2 4 R L L = 0 .0 1 2 5 N 0 KE = 0 .0 2 3 KT = 1 .6 RLL : Phase resistance (Phase-to-phase) [Ω] LO AD = 140 – e.g. RLL = 10mΩ, 100mΩ, or 1Ω KE : Back-EMF constant [V/RPM] – e.g. KE= 0.01, 0.05, or 0.1 Fig. 4 Symbol of 3-Phase Induction Motor KT : Torque constant [Lb-in/A] – e.g. KT= 0.1, 0.5, or 1 1 Pound Inch equals 0.11 Nm • From the 3-Phase Induction Motor specification, the model is characterized by setting parameters LL, RLL, KE, KT and LOAD. All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 7
- 8. 2) Simulation Circuit of 3-Phase AC Motor Model V1 S1 D 1 S3 D 3 S5 D 5 102V U P + + D M O D _01 VP + + D M O D _01 W P + + D M O D _01 - - - - - - 0 0 0 U 1 M E0913 R U U 1 R V 2 M 4 V N 0 N 0 R W W 3 N 0 RU, RV, RW: 173.75m V2 102V LL = 105U S2 D 2 S4 D 4 S6 D 6 R L L = 0 .0 1 2 5 U D + + D M O D _01 VD + + D M O D _01 W D + + D M O D _01 K E = 0 .0 2 K T = 1 .6 - - - - - - LO AD = 140 0 0 0 0 • Fig.5 Analysis of motor operation powered by U P U D VP VD W P W D alternating voltage variation involves using the model of three-phase induction motor. U 2 VP U P W P VD U D W D G D R V All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 8
- 9. 2.1) Phase Current Characteristics Under Load Variation - Simulation Results 500A Load 50Arms 0A - 500A 0s 5 0 0 ms 500A I ( RU) / SQRT( 2 ) Ti me Load 140Arms 0A - 500A 0s 5 0 0 ms 500A I ( RU) / SQRT( 2 ) Ti me Load 200Arms 0A - 500A 0s 5 0 0 ms I ( RU) / SQRT( 2 ) Ti me Reference of Phase U Fig. 6 Current Characteristics under load Condition All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 9
- 10. 2.2) Back-EMF Characteristics Under Load Condition - Simulation Results 200V Load 50Arms 100V 0V - 100V - 200V 0s 5 0 0 ms 200V V( X_ U1 . EU) Ti me Load 140Arms 100V 0V - 100V - 200V 0s 5 0 0 ms 200V V( X_ U1 . EU) Ti me Load 200Arms 100V 0V - 100V - 200V 0s 5 0 0 ms V( X_ U1 . EU) Ti me Reference of Phase U Fig. 7 Back-EMF Characteristics under load Condition All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 10
- 11. 2.3) Speed and Torque Characteristics At 140Arms - Simulation Results 4 . 0 KV The Load 140(Arms) is Rated Continuous Current 3 . 0 KV ( 4 6 4 . 1 4 6 m, 3 . 2 3 1 1 K) RPM 2 . 0 KV 1 . 0 KV SEL > > 0V V( X_ U1 . s p e e d ) 1 . 0 KV Tphe: Electric torque produced by each phase Lb-in 0 . 5 KV ( 4 4 6 . 4 8 6 m, 2 2 3 . 7 2 8 ) 0V 0s 5 0 0 ms V( X_ U1 . t u ) Ti me Reference of Phase U Fig. 8 Speed and Torque Characteristics at Load=140Arms All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 11
- 12. 2.4) Power Output and Efficiency Characteristics At 140Arms - Simulation Results 2 0 KW At Load=140Arms, Power Output ≈ 13.7 [KW] ( 9 6 0 . 6 1 6 m, 1 3 . 6 6 2 K) Watt 1 0 KW SEL > > 0W RMS( V( RU: 1 , N0 ) ) * RMS( I ( RU) ) 100 At Load=140Arms, Efficiency ≈ 82 [%] ( 9 6 2 . 5 0 0 m, 8 1 . 9 4 1 ) [%] 50 0 0. 5s 1. 0s 100* ( ( RMS( V( U, N0 ) ) * RMS( I ( RU) ) ) / ( RMS( V( RU: 1 , N0 ) ) * RMS( I ( RU) ) ) ) Ti me Reference of Phase U Fig. 9 Power Output and Efficiency Characteristics at Load=140Arms All Rights Reserved Copyright (C) Bee Technologies Inc. 2012 12