Concept of ICT
- 1. Dr. Pooja Walia Assistant Professor Department of Education Mizoram University, Aizawl
- 2. • Meaning of Information and Communication Technology • Components of ICT • Meaning of Information Technology • Meaning of Communication Technology • Concept of ICT • Features of ICT • Historical Overview of ICT • Digital Paradigm
- 3. “ICT," an abbreviation for information and communication technology, refers to all equipment, applications and services that involve communication such as Computers, cellphones, televisions, radios and satellite systems. ICT covers any product that will store, retrieve, manipulate, transmit or receive information electronically in a digital form.
- 4. Information and communication technology is an integration of computation system, communication technologies and process for generation of information and dissemination. This synergetic integration is achieved by the convergence for computer and electronic communication. Hence information and communication technology is not only a single technology rather it is a comprehensive approach of using the computation and communication technologies. Computers represent the computation technologies and other processing systems while communication technologies are represented by a combination of methods and modes for electronic data transmission.
- 6. Information Technology is a scientific, technological and engineering discipline and management technique used in handing the information, it‘s application and association with social, economical and cultural matters. • Acquisition, Storage, manipulation, management, transmission or reception of data or information. • Real time access to information. • Easy availability of updated data • Connecting Geographically dispersed regions • Wider range of communication media
- 7. • Communication Technology is the electronic systems used to facilitates communication between individuals or groups. It facilitates communication between individuals or groups, who are not physically present at the same location. Systems such as telephone, telex, Fax, radio, T.V. and Video are included, as well as more recent computer based technologies, including electronic data interchange and e-mail. • Communication technology is the activity of designing and constructing and maintaining communication systems.
- 8. • Information Technology pertains to the hardware, software and user skills associated with a stand-alone computer or laptop, while Information Communications Technology relates to networked equipment (LAN/WAN) that allows for intra- and inter-network communication via email and the Internet. • In IT, hardware is the basic computer box and associated peripheral devices: scanners, printers, CD-ROM, DVD drive and so on. Software consists of the programs a user installs for personal use, such as the operating system (Windows/Linux/Mac OS), word processors, spreadsheets, databases, graphic design and photo manipulation. IT skills are those associated with the proper use of the operating system and other installed programs. • In ICT, hardware necessarily includes those devices, such as modems, routers and servers that makes communication possible within and between networks.
- 9. • Information and communications technology (ICT) refers to all the technology used to handle telecommunications, broadcast media, audio visual processing and transmission systems, and network-based control and monitoring functions. ICT include the merging of audio visual, telephone and computer networks • Information and Communication Technologies are defined as all devices, tools, content, resources, forums, and services, digital and those that can be converted into or delivered through digital forms, which can be deployed for realising the goals of teaching learning, enhancing access to and reach of resources, building of capacities, as well as management of the educational system.
- 10. IT is technology that supports activities involving information. Such activities include gathering, processing, storing and presenting data. The ever-changing field of technology has made the world a smaller place, as information is easily and rapidly exchanged through devices of telecommunication. Increasingly these activities also involve collaboration and communication. Hence IT has become ICT: information and communication technology. The Internet has proved a huge advancement in the ICT community. Videoconferencing and distance learning allow people thousands of miles apart to speak together as if they were in the same room. ICT involves more than just sharing of information, however. It also includes the quest to improve communication throughout the world, especially to more underserved areas of the globe.
- 11. • These will not only include hardware devices connected to computers, and software applications, but also interactive digital content, internet and other satellite communication devices, radio and television services, web based content repositories, interactive forums, learning management systems, and management information systems. • These will also include processes for digitisation, deployment and management of content, development and deployment of platforms and processes for capacity development, and creation of forums for interaction and exchange.
- 12. • ICT are perhaps nearly as old as humanity itself, as human beings needed to communicate with one another, beginning with symbolic (non verbal) ways, before language was invented. Language could be seen as the first 'ICT', it enabled (oral) communication among human beings. Yet oral communication had the limitation of space and time, meaning that the speaker and the listener had to be in the same space and time. • Script was the next ICT, invented around 5,000 years ago, which enabled information to be held distinct from the communicator and be made available beyond the limitation of space and time that oral communication imposed. Writing also enabled easier recording of human history and thus the invention of script was a landmark in the history of ICTs. • Invention of printing technologies scaled up the 'writing' process and enabled mass production of books. The invention of radio and television created the 'mass media' in which simultaneously the same message could be transmitted to thousands of people. Each ICT invention enabled the processes of information creation, sharing, storing and communicating to be easier, quicker, more efficient (reaching more people) etc. Each invention was a significant event in the evolution of human communication processes and in the explosion in the availability of information. Each step also resulted also in shifts in the way information became accessible to sections of society.
- 14. • Information and communication have historically been drivers of social processes and systems. What makes the new framework different is the advancement in the digital technologies surrounding information and communications. We are using digital methods of accessing, creating, modifying sharing and storing information as well as for communication. • The digital format of resources has caused such an explosion of information since creation, storage and dissemination of information has become much easier and cheaper than before. Increasingly, production and consumption of information becoming increasingly important, not only from economic but even more so from social and cultural perspectives. • This digital knowledge society is developing new structures and adjusting existing structures, along the lines of information flow. These pathways of information flow can also create more marginalization and exclusion if all the participants in society are not equipped with the skills to function in this society.