Conceptualizing transformative governance for food systems
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This document discusses conceptualizing transformative governance for food systems. It aims to identify pathways for transformation towards more sustainable, resilient, socially just, and environmentally sound food systems. While technologies and practices in food systems receive attention, less focus has been on necessary institutional and governance components. The document outlines the GECAFS conceptual framework and then analyzes transformations in food governance over the last 20-30 years, including a shift from government to market control, rise of private standards, and increased consumer movements. It proposes changes to governance that could enable transformation, such as recognizing interlinkages in food systems, creating learning environments, introducing polycentric multi-level governance, and establishing global food system frameworks. It ends with questions on
Conceptualizing transformative governance for food systems
- 1. Conceptualizing transformative governance for food systems Hallie Eakin, Claudia Pahl-Wostl, Polly Ericksen, Ashwina Mahanti, Lindsey Jones, Siri Eriksen, Caroline van Bers, Lutgart Lenaerts (presenting) Transformations, 6 October 2015, Stockholm. Patterns of transformations
- 2. Scope • Goal: to identify pathways for transformation in governance towards sustainable food systems that are resilient to shocks and surprises in general, and to climate change in particular. • Question: How do food systems transform into states that are considered more resilient, more socially just and equitable, and more environmentally sound? What role does governance play in this transformation? • Premise: While there is significant interest and effort in transforming the technologies, practices and activities of food systems, there has been less attention to the necessary institutional components, configurations of actors and networks of learning and exchange that precede, accompany and/or follow such changes.
- 3. The GECAFS Concept (Ericksen et al. 2009)
- 4. How has food governance changed, and what does this imply for food system transformation? Transformations in governance affecting food systems in the last 20-30 years: • Shift in control from government to market resulting in neo-liberal policies of free trade and the weakening of the nation state and governmental regulation through globalization • Increase in private rule-making/ industry-wide standards: process certification (ISO), social and environmental certification (e.g., Marine Stewardship Council, fair-trade certification), etc. (Schilpzand et al. 2010) • Increase in consumer–led movements (e.g. push for local food and farmers markets; organic movement; fair trade movement)
- 5. Changes that can contribute to or bring about transformation in governance: • Full recognition of the dynamic links among social, technological and ecological subsystems that support food systems to enable better governance. (Westley et al. 2011) • Creating learning environments that support experimentation and innovation • Environmental crises (e.g., droughts, or economic crises (e.g. energy prices)
- 6. Changes in governance that can contribute to or bring about transformation: • Introducing polycentric arrangements that enable multi-level systems of governance that are more inclusive/ participative and adaptive • Introducing an international instrument for food systems (like IPCC, SDGs) that provides a global framework for action and reform • Civil society is increasingly active in contributing to both local and global social movements that have the potential to transform
- 7. Mash-up questions 1. What is a change and what is transformative? How do we know if a transformative change in food systems has happened? Was it intentional? What kind of transformative change is desirable and who should decide on the direction of change? 2. Transformations in governance implies a shift in the value system and this, of course, is highly debatable. So what comes first: the new value system or co-production of knowledge to promote particular kinds of values in the governance of food systems? To what extent does a reframing of the objectives of food systems contribute to a change in values? 3. To which extent can and should the direction of change be determined and serve as a normative guiding target? (e.g. governance framework, characteristics of the food system). Put another way, to what extent can transformation be engineered? 4. What is the role of crises/ disasters in opening up space for new ideas/innovation which could lead to transformative change? What influence has the 2008 food (and global financial) crisis had on transforming food systems? 5. Will and should transformative change of the food system be driven by transformation in the production or in the consumption system?