Conference PPT - Copy DFIG based WECS, BESS

A Paper Presentation
on
Control Strategies for Improvement of Power Quality in Grid
Connected Variable Speed WECS with DFIG - An Overview
4th International Conference Intelligent Circuits & Systems (ICICS-
2022) 8-9th April 2022, LPU-Jalandhar
*Pradeep Singh,
**Dr. Krishan Arora,
***Dr. Umesh C. Rathore
*Research Scholar, LPU-Jalandhar,
** Associate Professor, LPU-Jalandhar,
*** Professor, Govt. Hydro Engg. College-
Bandla, Bilaspur, HP
1

POWER SCENARIO IN INDIA……
Power Scenario as on 31/12/2020
Wind
Solar
Bio Power
Hydro
Nuclear
Coal
Gas
 Coal (56 %)
 Hydro (14 %)
 Wind (10 %)
 Solar (8 %)
 Gas (7 %)
 Bio-Power (3 %)
 Nuclear (2 %)
2

POWER SCENARIO EXPECTED BY 2039-2040
Power Scenario expected by 2039-2040
Coal Gas Hydro Bio Power Nuclear Wind Solar
 Coal (32 %)
 Hydro (9 %)
 Wind (17 %)
 Solar (36 %)
 Gas (3 %)
 Bio-Power (1 %)
 Nuclear (2 %)
3

INTRODUCTION
 Renewable Energy Sources like Wind, Solar etc. are alternatives for fossil
fuels.
 However, Intermittent Characteristics of RE sources like wind shall
fluctuate the power output of the wind turbine generator (WTG).
 When the large scale WTG is connected to the grid, PQ problem arises.
 Wind Loading conditions disrupt the Power Quality (PQ) & Fundamental
Frequency components also the reason for interruption of PQ.
 Active Harmonic Filters (AHFs), Passive Harmonic Filters (PHFs) and Energy
Storage Systems improves the grid regulation by smoothening the power
output from the WTG to meet the load and peak demand thereby increase
the reliability of the RE grid connected system.
 This paper focuses on control strategies for PQ & different loading
conditions.
4

TYPES OF WIND GENERATORS
 SCIG - Type-I Wind Generator.
 WRIG - Type-II Wind Generator.
Type-I and Type-II used only for Fixed Wind Speed Conditions
and we have the problems of sag, swell and transients.
 DFIG - Type-III Wind Generator.
 Full Converter- Type-IV Wind Generator.
Type-III and Type-IV used for variable wind speed conditions
and we experience the problems of harmonics in the grid side.
5

POWER QUALITY PROBLEMS
 Voltage Sag (Dip)
 Voltage Spikes
 Voltage Swell
 Harmonic Distortion
 Voltage Fluctuations
 Noise
 Voltage Imbalance
6

POWER QUALITY SOLUTIONS
 Filters
 Isolation Transformers
 Voltage Regulators
 Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR)
 Uninterruptable Power Supply (UPS)
 Unified Power Quality Conditioner (UPQC)
 Static VAR Compensator (SVC)
 Energy Storage System(ESS)
7

HARMONIC MITIGATION TECHNIQUES
 Passive Harmonic Filters: These made up of components R, L & C like
RL, RC & LC filters. Shunt filters acts as a load for the generator of
fundamental frequency component, absorbing harmonious current
components and preventing it from flowing into the network, lowering
harmonic voltage. At resonance frequency, the filter which is in series
has a very high impedance for blocking, which keeps harmonics out of
the power system.
 Active Harmonic Filters: At resonance frequency, the filter which is in
series has a very high impedance for blocking, which keeps harmonics
out of the power system. System with three phases AHFs are a good
solution for unbalanced loads because they reduce current harmonics.
8

9
Active Power
Filters
Lattice Structure
Standard Switched
Hybrid
Filters
Series APF + Shunt
APF
Voltage Structure
UPQC
Series Active
Filters
Shunt Active
Filters
Series PPF + Shunt
APF
Shunt PPF + Series
APF
Capacitor Inverted
Current Fed
Inverter
Voltage Fed
Inverter
CLASSIFICATION OF ACTIVE HARMONIC FILTERS (AHFS)

10
Active Power
Filters
Optimization
Techniques
Constant Inductor
Current
Closed Loop
Control
Other Techniques
Linear Voltage
Control
Open Loop
Control
THD Minimization
PAM
Constant Capacitor
Voltage
Minimum Filter
Current
PWM
PWM
CONTROL TECHNIQUES BASED ON ACTIVE HARMONIC
FILTERS

TYPES OF ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM (ESS)
 Mechanical Energy Storage System
 Electrochemical Energy Storage System
 Thermal Energy Storage System
 Electrical Energy Storage System
 Hydrogen Based Storage System
11

BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM
 To store the excess energy from the renewable energy when
demand is low and this energy in the high demand time.
 Enabling the fast response characteristics to variations
between demand and supply.
 Provides active and reactive power support to the system when
the power from renewable energy sources fluctuates.
 In the grid connected mode, it provides reactive power support
for stabilizing the system voltages.
12

APPLICATIONS OF BESS
 Peak Shaving: Peaks in power production can be shaved, stored in
batteries and delivered when needed.
 VAR Support: Reactive Power Support by BESS.
 Oscillation Damping: Buffering of output during changes in the
intermittent renewable energy sources.
 Power Quality: BESS reduces the voltage sags caused by Power System
Faults.
 Voltage Support: In order to maintain the grid voltage, BESS injects or
absorbs active and reactive power.
 Long Term Load Leveling: BESS stores power during low load period and
delivers it during periods of high demand. 13

14
References
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Applied Electrical Engineering (PAEE).
[2] A. Bubshait and A. Mortezaei Power Quality Enhancement for a Grid Connected Wind Turbine Energy System 2017 IEEE Transaction
on Industrial Applications No. 3 53 pp. 2496–2505.
[3] M. Tuka Review on Power Quality Problems on-Grid Connected Wind Power System, 2016 International Journal of Advanced
Information Science & Technology (IJAIST) 5 No. 4 pp. 96–108.
[4] M. Momeni1 and A. H. Mazinan Improvement of Power Quality in Grid-Connected Inverter Through Adaptation-Based Control
Strategy 2019 Energy Ecology & Environment.
[5] Eklas Hossain and Mehmet Rida Tür Analysis and Mitigation of Power Quality Issues in Distributed Generation Systems Using
Custom Power Devices 2018 IEEE Access 6 pp. 16816–16833.
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Research Journal of Engineering & Technology 4 No. 1 pp. 1734–1736.
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Dynamical & Control Systems No. 7 9 pp.106 -112.
[9] Y. Hoon et. al. Control Algorithms of Shunt Active Power Filter for Harmonic Mitigation-A Review 2017 Energies No. 12 10 pp. 1-29.
[10] Jawad Hussain et. al. Power Quality Improvement of Grid Connected Wind Energy System Using DSTATCOM-BESS 2019
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15
[13] Irfan Hussain Panhwar et. al. Mitigating Power Fluctuations for Energy Storage in Wind Energy Conversion System Using Super-
capacitors, 2020 Special Section on Evolving Technologies in Energy Storage Systems for Energy System Applications 8 189747-189760.
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Applications 56 No. 6.
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[18] N. Abdul Rahman et. al. Significant Insights into the Operation of DC-Link Voltage Control of a Shunt Active Power Filter Using
Different Control Algorithm - A Comparative Study 2017 Turkish Journal Electrical Engineering Computer Science 25 pp. 2033–2043.
[19] Wessam A. Hafez et. al. Power Quality Issues of Grid Connected Wind Energy System Focus on DFIG and Various Control Techniques
of Active Harmonic Filter: A Review 2019 International Middle East Power Systems Conference (MEPCON) pp. 1006-1014.

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