Contextual Data Collection for Smart Cities
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The document discusses the collection and utilization of contextual data in smart cities, emphasizing the importance of open government data (OGD) and sensor networks. It highlights the challenges in representing and understanding this data to enhance city functionalities and citizen engagement. The authors outline their work on the human-aware sensor network ontology (hasneto-sc) aimed at improving data collection and context representation for smart city applications.
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HASNetO
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The Human-Aware Sensor Network Ontology [1]
VSTO-I OBOE
Deployment Data Collection Dataset Measurement
Entity Characteristic Unit Platform
Instrument Detector
1. Pinheiro, P., McGuinness, D.L., Santos, H.: Human-Aware Sensor Network Ontology: Semantic Support for Empirical Data
Collection. In: Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Linked Science. Bethlehem, PA, USA (2015)
2. Fox, P., McGuinness, D.L., Cinquini, L., West, P., Garcia, J., Benedict, J.L., Middleton, D.: Ontology-supported scientific data
frameworks: The Virtual Solar-Terrestrial Observatory experience. Computers & Geosciences 35(4), 724–738 (Apr 2009)
3. http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o
4. Madin, J., Bowers, S., Schildhauer, M., Krivov, S., Pennington, D., Villa, F.: An ontology for describing and synthesizing ecological
observation data. Ecological Informatics 2(3), 279–296 (Oct 2007)
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Contextual Data Collection for Smart Cities
- 1. Contextual Data Collection for Smart Cities The 6th Workshop on Semantics for Smarter Cities (S4SC 2015) at The 14th International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC 2015) Bethlehem, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Henrique O. Santos, LEC-UNIFOR and TW-RPI Vasco Furtado, LEC-UNIFOR and CITINOVA Paulo Pinheiro, TW-RPI Deborah L. McGuinness, TW-RPI
- 2. 2 Smart Cities • Smart City is a city that is aimed to the future, i.e., with public policies to foster its safeness, sustainability, creativeness, innovativeness and so forth • Two keys points are identified: access to and understanding of city data
- 3. 3 Smart Cities are cities that produce relevant data that can be understood, derive knowledge from this data and use that knowledge to empower the city aspects.
- 4. 4 Open Government Data (OGD) • City data encompasses not only datasets containing regular data from city agencies, but also datasets and streams containing monitored data from sensors deployed throughout the city • This monitored data is normally published as regular datasets (many times in CSV format) without further information about the sensor network that is behind the collection of the data • Monitored data is about data that is collected empirically by sensors deployed in the city. It talks about a measured value that is obtained while sensing a characteristic of an entity of interest
- 5. 5 Aspects of OGD today Aspect How it is addressed Data presentation to the stakeholders - Datasets Metadata information - Description text files - Annotations - Derived from the above Provenance - Dataset level: Description text files - Data level: (mostly not addressed) Context (Not addressed)
- 6. 6 Context timeline t Feb 12, 2015, 11:45PM Feb 11, 2015, 10:00AM Configuration Deployment Dec 28, 2015, 11:32AM Dec 16, 2015, 9:55AM Calibration Acquire Nov 4, 2014, 12:55PM t February 12, 2015, 9:30AM February 12, 2015, 11:45PM Auto calibration Oct , 2015, 10:33AM Feb 12, 2015, 9:30AM
- 7. 7 City sensor network Sensors • What is being monitored on the city? • Where are the sensors deployed? • What are the sensors capable of monitoring? Monitored data • Is this data coming from which sensor? • Can one compare two monitored values for scientific purposes?
- 8. 8 HASNetO ● The Human-Aware Sensor Network Ontology [1] VSTO-I OBOE Deployment Data Collection Dataset Measurement Entity Characteristic Unit Platform Instrument Detector 1. Pinheiro, P., McGuinness, D.L., Santos, H.: Human-Aware Sensor Network Ontology: Semantic Support for Empirical Data Collection. In: Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Linked Science. Bethlehem, PA, USA (2015) 2. Fox, P., McGuinness, D.L., Cinquini, L., West, P., Garcia, J., Benedict, J.L., Middleton, D.: Ontology-supported scientific data frameworks: The Virtual Solar-Terrestrial Observatory experience. Computers & Geosciences 35(4), 724–738 (Apr 2009) 3. http://www.w3.org/TR/prov-o 4. Madin, J., Bowers, S., Schildhauer, M., Krivov, S., Pennington, D., Villa, F.: An ontology for describing and synthesizing ecological observation data. Ecological Informatics 2(3), 279–296 (Oct 2007) [2 ] [3 ] [4 ]
- 9. 9 HASNetO-SC • The Human-Aware Sensor Network Ontology for Smart Cities
- 10. 10 Contextualized CSV - CCSV TimeStamp,AirTemp_C_Avg,RH_Pct_Avg 2015-02-12T09:30:00Z,-4.5,66.58 2015-02-12T09:45:00Z,-4.372,66.45 2015-02-12T10:00:00Z,-4.146,65.98 2015-02-12T10:15:00Z,-4.084,66.22 2015-02-12T10:30:00Z,-4.251,67.48 2015-02-12T10:45:00Z,-4.185,69.85 2015-02-12T11:00:00Z,-4.133,72 2015-02-12T11:15:00Z,-3.959,70.84 … 2015-02-12T23:00:00Z,-9.63,77.88 2015-02-12T23:15:00Z,-10.48,80.8 2015-02-12T23:30:00Z,-10.96,82 2015-02-12T23:45:00Z,-10.1,80.7 t February 12, 2015, 9:30AM February 12, 2015, 11:45PM
- 11. 11
- 12. 12 senses senses SOLR CCSV-loader Ontologies (HASNetO, OBOE, PROV, VSTO)Data Metadata data (CCSV) data (CCSV) expanded CSV Sensor network description Data browser SPARQL / SOLR queries Data users Architecture
- 13. 13 Fortaleza is the 5th biggest capital in Brazil With more than 2.5 million residents
- 14. 14 Use case: Fortaleza bus transportation system • http://dados.fortaleza.ce.gov.br • Used datasets – Bus checkpoints – Bus companies – Bus fleet – GPS measurements for February 2015
- 16. 16 Fortaleza bus sensor network description
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- 19. 19 Aspects of OGD with HASNetO-SC Aspect How it is addressed How we are addressing Data presentation to the stakeholders - Datasets - Data collections Metadata information - Description text files - Annotations - Derived from the above - HASNetO-SC sensor network - OBOE concepts Provenance - Dataset level: Description text files - Data level: (mostly not addressed) - PROV-O Context (Not addressed) - HASNetO activities
- 20. 20 Conclusion and next steps • A challenge exists in representing context in city sensor networks in a meaningful way, i.e., that can leverage the full potential the data it collects • Our work addresses that challenge by linking the monitored data to metadata (sensor network and activities) using CCSV and HASNetO-SC • We are approaching monitored data, but non-monitored data also plays a main role on smart cities. We are currently researching how to cope PROV with “told” data
- 21. 21 Thank you! Questions? Henrique O. Santos – oliveh@rpi.edu Vasco Furtado – vasco@unifor.br Paulo Pinheiro – pinhep@rpi.edu Deborah L. McGuinness – dlm@cs.rpi.edu
Editor's Notes
- #3: - It is common sense that a smart city is… - In order for those to succeed, key points…
- #4: Our definition of smart city is more generalized
- #8: When looking at monitored data datasets, those are the some of questions we can't easily answer today
- #9: - Links and extends the PROV, VSTO and OBOE - Describes Sensor Network, Scientific Activities and Entities of interest
- #13: Sensor network description into the metadata store Sensors broadcast ccsv datasets CCSV Loader loads data into data store using metadata knowledge Data browser is made available to data users
- #14: Read the slides A year ago launched its open data portal More recently, launched
- #15: Checkpoint: device deployed on a lat/long that is able to tell if a particular bus is entering or leaving its area of monitoring
- #17: - Every checkpoint became a vstoi:Instrument - Checkpoints are located in road segments, so the road segments became platforms