Critical theory, emerging from socio-political contexts in 1930s Germany, challenges dominant societal ideologies and seeks to expose the constructed nature of reality shaped by power dynamics. It evolved into contemporary cultural studies, emphasizing the role of various institutions in reinforcing power relations and advocating for social transformation through critical space theory. This theory critiques the ideological shaping of space and its implications for social equity, viewing it as a vehicle for countering colonization and cultural superimposition.