Ct week1

Computational Thinking
Yun-Gyung Cheong
September, 2014
SKKU
1"

Outline
• Who are we?
• What is Computational Thinking?
• Course syllabus
– Goal, learning outcome
– Schedule
– Grading
• Two important concepts
2"

Computational Thinking
• Is the thought process to formulate a problem and
solution in a way that an information-processing agent
can effectively carry out (Cuny, Snyder, Wing)
• Involves a set of problem-solving skills and techniques
that software engineers use to write programs
(Google)
4"
Jeanne*e"Wing."Computa5onal"Thinking"and"Thinking"about"Compu5ng."2008.""

Why Computational Thinking?
• Computational Thinking is the fundamental skill for
everyone in the 21st Century (Wing)
– Like reading, writing, and arithmetic (physics)
– In research: scientists, engineers, artist, …
– In education: K-12 students and teachers, undergraduate students
• Computational Thinking changes the way we think (Alan
Bundy, Univ. of Edinburgh, UK)
– Enabled researchers to ask new kinds of questions and answer
– Many scientific questions can only be addressed by collecting and
analyzing vast amounts of data
5"
Computa5onal"Thinking"is"Pervasive."Alan"Bundy."Journal"of"Scien5fic"and"Prac5cal"
Compu5ng."vol."1,"No."2"(2007)"67P69"

Foldit! – Collective Intelligence
6"

Computers are everywhere
7"
Shopping"
shopping" Communica5on"
EPgovernment"
Educa5on"
Entertainment"
Naviga5on"
Ticke5ng"
Banking"and"trading"
Health"

IBM Watson Jeopardy!
• IBM’s DeepQA project
• The computer system was
specifically developed to answer
questions on the quiz show
Jeopardy!
• In 2011 Watson competed on
Jeopardy! against former winners
Brad Rutter and Ken Jennings.
Watson received the first prize of
$1 million.
10"

JIBO (MIT)
12"
h*p://www.youtube.com/watch?
feature=player_embedded&v=3N1Q8oFpX1Y"
h*p://www.myjibo.com"

Goal
• Prepare students as problem solvers for the
real-world problems that will arise in the future
by using computational thinking methods
13"

Learning Outcomes
• Abstract real-world problems
• Apply computational thinking skills to solve
real-world problems
• Invent algorithms
• Implement computer programs using Python
• Build IoT products using Raspberry Pi
14"

• Computa5onal"Thinking"
Techniques"
• Problem"Formaliza5on"
• Algorithm"unplugged"
• Python"
• Raspberry"Pi"
• Lecture"&"Lab"
• StudentPcentered"
15"
Course'Topics'' Format'

Computational Thinking Techniques
• Sequen5al,"step"by"step"
• Selec5on"
• Itera5on"
• Module"
• Data"abstrac5on"and"
Representa5on"
• Composi5on"and"
decomposi5on"
• Sor5ng"and"search"
• Recursion"
• Data"as"code"and"code"as"data"
• Correctness"
• Cashing"and"Prefetching"
• Concurrency,"parallelism"
• Distributed"Compu5ng,"ClientP
Server"
• Backtracking"
• Pa*ern"Recogni5on"
• Constraint"Sa5sfac5on"
• Layered"
• Intractability"
• Undecidability"
• Complexity"
16"

Algorithm unplugged
17"
Textual"descrip5on" NS"Chart"
1. Set"total"to"zero"
2. Set"grade"counter"to"one"
3. While"grade"counter"is"
less"than"or"equal"to"ten"
I. Input"the"next"grade"
II. Add"the"grade"into"the"
total""
4. Set"the"class"average"to"
the"total"divided"by"ten"
5. Print"the"class"average."

Why Python?
• Easy, quick to write and read, like English - Productive: 1/10
of C, 1/5 of Java
• Embedded (e.g., Raspberry Pi)
• Glue language (C, Java, Fortran, Lisp)
• Lots of libraries available and can add new libraries easily
• Open source
• Powerful: data analysis, servers, art or music, visualization
with Matplotlib, 3D animations
• Good for prototyping and for teamwork
• Google’s 4 official languages: C++, Java, Python,
Javascript
• The most popular language for teaching introductory
computer science courses at top US universities (80% of the
top 10 CS departments)
18"

Python vs. C code
a"="15"
b"="a"/"2"
print(b)"
#include<stdio.h>"
main()"
{"
"int"a,b;"
"float"c,d;"
"
"a"="15;"
"b"="a"/"2;"
"prino(”%dn",b);"
}"
"
19"

Textbook
• 계산과 변수"
• 문자열, 리스트"
• IF,"ELSE"
• LOOP"
• 함수와 모듈"
• 클래스"
25"
저자: 제이슨 R."브리그스. 비제이퍼블릭 출판사"

Lecture materials
• Beginner
– Computational Thinking for the Modern Problem Solvers, Riley and Hunt. CRC Press, Taylor &
Francis Group.
– Computational Thinking & 창의적 문제 해결 방법론. 한국컴퓨터교육학회 저. 디한미디어.
– Non-programmer’s Tutorial for Python 3. Josh Cogliati. [Free link]
– Learnpython.org. Interactive Python Tutorial. [Free link]
– docs.python.org Tutorial [Free link]
• Advanced
– An Introduction to Python. John C. Lusth. [Free link]
– Python for Informatics [Free link]
– How to Think like a Computer Scientist: Learning with Python [Free link]
– Practical Programming (2nd edition): An Introduction to Computer Science Using Python 3.
[Free link]
• Supplemental Materials
– Computational Fairy Tales [link]
– Computational Logic and Human Thinking: How to be Artificially Intelligent. Robert Kowalski
[Free link]
26"

Grading
27"
• Grading"–"국제어수업 기준"
– Par5cipa5on"and"classwork:"20%"
– HW:"30%"
– MidPterm:"25%"
– Final"Report"or"Program:"25%""
• Class"policy"
– Plagiarism"

Question #1
• Name a company that explores and utilizes
Computational Thinking?
28"

Google Contact Lens
(collaboration with Novatis)
32"

Google – Baseline project
33"

Car is an electronic device
34"

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