CTW’s Shared DDA Program
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The CTW Library Consortium, consisting of Connecticut College, Trinity College, and Wesleyan University, implemented a Demand-Driven Acquisitions (DDA) program in 2014 to provide access to ebooks. The program is managed through YBP and provides access to over 15,000 ebook titles through EBL. Each school has its own workflow for managing short-term loans and purchases. The program has faced challenges from rising short-term loan costs and changing publisher policies. Options for addressing these challenges include removing publishers, implementing mediation, or automatically purchasing titles after a certain number of loans. The consortium will conduct a review of the program in 2015 to evaluate the monographic needs not currently met and potential expansion
![1. Cataloger: Loads discovery records via Collection Mgr (monthly)
2. Patron: Discovers and interacts with ebook, triggers STL
3. EBL: Emails “Short Term Loan alert”
4. YBP: Sends paper invoice for STLs (weekly)
5. Acq: - Receives invoice & processes (YBP deposit account)
- Creates Voyager P.O., attaches Voyager invoice/line item
to discovery record
[Repeat above until purchase is triggered]
Connecticut College DDA Workflow](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/netsl2015ctwebl-150414085912-conversion-gate01/85/CTW-s-Shared-DDA-Program-52-320.jpg)
CTW’s Shared DDA Program
- 1. CTW’s Shared DDA Program Joe Frawley Todd Falkowski Aaron Sandoval NETSL Annual Conference 2015
- 2. Outline 1. Todd: Intro. To CTW & Background of DDA 2. Joe: Current DDA Program Explanation 3. Aaron: Wesleyan Workflow 4. Todd: Trinity Workflow 5. Joe: Conn. Workflow 6. Aaron: Cautions & Summary
- 3. The CTW Library Consortium Connecticut College Wesleyan University Trinity College
- 4. Connecticut College FTE: ~1875 Trinity College FTE: ~2200 Wesleyan University FTE: ~3000 • Libraries have a history of sharing resources • Reciprocal lending system • Shared ILS and eResource purchases
- 6. Assessment of Library within Institution Budget & Staffing Issues Research & Teaching more Multi-Disciplinary Collection Development >> Collection Services Unique Content vs. Format Preferences Vying Expenditures: Monographs vs. Serials & eResources Why DDA & STLs are Important to CTW
- 8. CTW’s Acquisition Budgets: Monographs vs. Serials/eResources
- 9. Sept 2012 – Feb 2014: Pilot project, testing Mar 2014 – Official start date Collection: 15,000+ titles; $200 price cap Deletions: publisher withdrawals, overlap w/ EBSCO and ebrary Shared Pool of Titles but Individual Purchases Individual LibCentral admin accounts & STL settings CTW’s DDA Program YBP /EBL
- 10. What is DDA? EBL’s Complete Database: ~600,000 Titles Available CTW’s Profile: Pub. Date Price Publisher Limits Pool of Discovery Records: ~15,000 for CTW
- 12. For Each Library: Autopurchase Purchased Titles = NonLinear Lending Unlimited simultaneous users, up to 325 loans per year
- 14. EBL-DDA Program Parameters Short Term Loan Triggers same across CTW • 5 min. free browse time in unpurchased title, continued use triggers STL • Print/download/copy will also trigger Auto-Purchase Triggers individually determined • Trinity 2 STLs, auto-purchase on 3rd use • Conn & Wesleyan: 3 STLs, auto-purchase on 4th use
- 15. STL price caps individually determined • by percentage OR price Mediated option • Email sent to library staff when STL is above threshold • Patron must wait until STL approved • Trinity at $40; Wesleyan at $50 STL Bypass Option – Conn College only • STL above threshold autopurchase / no mediation • for Conn, 35% of list price • Bypasses STL, title is purchased immediately
- 16. • EBL de-duplicates against Ebrary Academic Complete & EBSCO eBook Academic Collection - North America CTW uploads holdings list 2 or 3 times per year EBL generates delete file for catalogers • No charge for loans or purchases of titles duplicated in Ebrary (Ebrary & EBL both owned by Proquest) Record De-Duplication
- 17. Discovery Records (other options . . . )
- 18. • Discovery records • Profile management • GOBI ordering system • Invoices
- 19. YBP DDA Content Profile Subject Parameters LC classes/subclasses supporting CTW curricula at including Non-Subject Parameters • University presses & a select list of academic publishers • Published 2008 or later • English language • Exclude certain types of materials: Textbooks, manuals, reprints, abridgements, numbered series, professional materials, etc. • $200 price cap
- 20. • YBP invoices individual libraries directly for STLs and auto-purchases • Invoices paid out of individual libraries’ budgets / accounts • Separate invoices for STLs & purchases; both paid from same YBP subaccount YBP Invoices
- 21. • GOBI is the ordering platform for YBP • Allows selectors to see if a title is in the CTW DDA pool, via GOBItween link • Provides option to manually add to DDA pool - for titles outside our profile GOBI Ordering System - Special Tools for Consortial DDA
- 22. GobiTween Link
- 24. Titles outside profile may be added manually.
- 26. DDA Plan (Evolving) Workflow Searching for the path of least resistance…
- 27. Expanded DDA Plan in place for approximately a year DDA Plan a misnomer? Really functions as a STL (Short-term loan) plan Majority of activity & costs for Wesleyan DDA purchases: 26Costs: $1,793 STL instances: 514Costs: $8,721
- 28. Wesleyan currently utilizes YBP for: 1) primary selection tool (Gobi), representing our local holdings 2) large majority of our print orders 3) bibliographic records for print material (PromptCat) 4) marking / stamping / security-stripping 5) our consortial purchasing data (including DDA plan) Straightforward decision to also utilize YBP for supplied ebooks: 6) Discovery DDA records 7) DDA purchase bibliographic records 8) Firm order ebook bibliographic records DDA Bibliographic Record Management
- 29. • DDA Discovery records from YBP manually loaded into Voyager ILS • Weekly files, minimal edits
- 30. • Wesleyan utilizes Summon from Serials Solutions for a discovery layer, OneSearch • Library still acclimating, continued reliance on traditional ILS
- 31. Patron triggers STL EBL sends notification the same day Helpful for keeping tabs on overall DDA plan activity
- 32. • STL invoices billed weekly by YBP • Already paid via our deposit account • Manually entered into ILS (Voyager) • Entered only as invoices with service charges (no purchase orders created) • One fund for both STLs & DDA purchases • ISBNs are noted
- 33. Short Term Loans vs. DDA Autopurchases
- 34. • New bibliographic record available within a week from YBP, containing local data • Discovery DDA record still functions in the interim • Notice of availability from YBP, manually pick up via FTP • Manually import, overlaying Discovery record • Manually create purchase order(s) & invoice for payment
- 35. Possible improvements from YBP… 1. EDI for STL invoices & DDA Purchases….Please! 2. More transparent DDA data in Gobi
- 36. Changes in Wesleyan’s DDA workflow over the past year: 1. Are locally edited Discovery records more efficient for DDA purchases? Do we really need 2nd new bib records from YBP? 2. Automate cataloging loads for DDA purchases 3. Automate purchase order creation for DDA purchases 4. Still manually enter invoice records for both DDA purchases & STLs, also delete original DDA Discovery records 5. Currently exploring EBL metadata uploads directly into our OneSearch discovery layer (Serials Solutions’ Summon) • Not currently a viable substitute for bibliographic records in our ILS • Would enhance discoverability by patrons • Our future workflow?
- 37. DDA Tech Services Workflow managed with: Logos Source: http://www.proquest.com
- 41. Example of an Ideal Scenario Ebrary Academic Complete Subscription The library has access to the complete list of titles in the collection. Firm order/Perpetual Access titles are also fully automated in a parallel track.
- 42. Reality of the EBL Collection CTW’s Profile: Pub. Date Price Publisher Limits Subset of Collection AUTOMATION
- 43. Wiping the Slate Clean Biweekly
- 44. Trinity’s Solution for EBL Developed a manual strategy that utilizes the SerSol Offline Date and Status Editor (ODSE). CSV template files are populated then uploaded to SerSol KB for bulk operations.
- 45. EBL through SerSol KB Visible Titles Discovery & Purchased CSV File w/ Title Metadata http://trincoll.e blib.com/patron /FullRecord.asp x?p=1118497 Modify Syntax
- 46. EBL through SerSol KB Title ISBN Status URL * Subscribed …p=1118497 * Subscribed …p=1134566 * Subscribed …p=1246884 * Subscribed …p=1798233 * Subscribed …p=1658797 * Subscribed …p=7899543
- 47. DDA Tech Services Workflow
- 48. DDA Record Management Options For Discovery Records 1. EBL records Poor quality 2. YBP records Better 3. OCLC Collection Manager records Generally good quality + additional benefits
- 49. EBL OCLC Conn College Benefits of Collection Manager • Free with OCLC Cataloging subscription • Single source and workflow for records - Single workflow for DDA & subscription record management - Can set the same customizations and delivery frequency • Merges duplicates with subscription collections (Ebrary, EBSCO)
- 50. Two collections in the Knowledge Base: 1. Unpurchased books (discovery records) 2. EBL purchases
- 51. Things to be aware of Pros outweigh cons… but, • Slightly delayed updates • Worldcat problems = Your problems (though most often found and corrected) • No separate delete file for merged OCLC #’s – Need a process to handle merges
- 52. 1. Cataloger: Loads discovery records via Collection Mgr (monthly) 2. Patron: Discovers and interacts with ebook, triggers STL 3. EBL: Emails “Short Term Loan alert” 4. YBP: Sends paper invoice for STLs (weekly) 5. Acq: - Receives invoice & processes (YBP deposit account) - Creates Voyager P.O., attaches Voyager invoice/line item to discovery record [Repeat above until purchase is triggered] Connecticut College DDA Workflow
- 53. 6. Patron: Interacts with ebook final time, triggering purchase 7. EBL: -Emails notification of purchase –"Autopurchase Alert“ -Sends update to OCLC KB for purchased record 8. Cataloger: -Retrieves purchased record from Collection Mgr -Overlays discovery record 9. YBP: Issues invoice for purchase price of item(s) 10. Acq: -Processes invoice for payment -Locates Bib record and attaches P.O. with invoice(s) Connecticut College DDA Workflow (cont.)
- 54. “Options for implementing your Demand Driven Acquisitions program using the WorldCat knowledge base” OCLC Documentation http://bit.ly/1BO9tzB “OCLC's Next-Generation Metadata Management” Presentation @ ALA Annual, Chicago, 2013 http://bit.ly/1GoY5cc “You Have a DDA E-book Plan, Now How Do You Manage It?” Presentation @ Charleston Conference, 2013 http://slidesha.re/1aennzf For more information on DDA record management via OCLC Collection Manager
- 55. CTW’s DDA plan first year challenges & responses Changing publisher policies Changing vendor landscape New tools Need for thorough review & analysis Options for expansion
- 56. STL price increases from various publishers June 2014 - ongoing Publisher EBL Short-term Loan Changes Name of publisher Current 1- day STL New 1- day STL Current 7- day STL New 7- day STL Current 14-day STL New 14- day STL Current 28-day STL New 28- day STL Oxford UP 15% 25% 20% 40% 25% 50% 30% 70& Emerald 5% 20% 10% 30% 15% 40% 20% 50% Royal Society of Chemistry 5% 35% 10% 45% 15% 55% 20% 65% Louisiana State University 15% 30% 20% 40% 25% 45% 30% 50% NYU Press 5% 25% 10% 45% 15% 55% 20% 70% Cambridge UP 15% 30% 20% 60% 25% 60% 30% 60% World Scientific 5% 40% 10% 50% 15% 65% 20% 75% John Benjamins 15% 25% 20% 35% 25% pending 30% pending Kogan Page 5% 25% 10% 45% 15% 80% 20% 80% McFarland & Co. 5% 50% 10% 75% 15% 100 20% 100
- 57. CTW OPTIONS 1. Remove/halt worst offenders CTW tried this with Cambridge UP, then added their titles back into DDA pool. Reluctance to alter our publisher profile. 2. Mediation If we’re going to say no, why are titles discoverable? If we’re going to say yes, why give ourselves extra work and delay access? 3. Automatic purchases (by STL %, @particular price point) 4. Change parameters of plan (buy on 1st, 2nd, or 3rd use)
- 59. Other evolving publisher reactions to STL / DDA One year embargo of STLs for new titles: CTW currently omitting Wiley’s newest content, including it after the embargo Five year embargo of both STL & DDA for new titles More to come?
- 60. Changing vendor landscape Improving tools EBL- Ebrary merger • LibCentral released 2014 • New Ebrary reader 2014 • Integrated platform expected 2015 • Our biggest concern: Non-linear lending model & its relative price Ebsco purchase of YBP • Possible effects on DDA terms down the line?
- 62. Systematic review of plan in Summer 2015 utilizing Tableau & LibCentral Ongoing desire for high quality monographic content not available through current plan Open to multiple or expanded DDA plans The future of the CTW DDA plan
- 63. THANK YOU! Contact us with questions & suggestions: Todd Falkowski Todd.Falkowski@trincoll.edu Joseph Frawley jfrawley@conncoll.edu Aaron Sandoval asandoval01@wesleyan.edu
Editor's Notes
- #5: CTW’s combined FTE is ~ 7000 undergraduate students; Trinity and Wesleyan’s Graduate programs - account for ~450 FTE History of shared collection development – Selectors use GOBItween to see what colleagues have purchased and avoid duplication if possible. The libraries have shared an ILS since the mid-80s; When a resource is of interest to everyone, we try to negotiate consortial pricing with the vendor. The libraries experimented with YBP auto-ship plans but canceled them Wesleyan: has an Art Title auto-ship/ approval plan with Worldwide; annual allocation = approx. $12K In essence, our DDA program is our auto-ship plan – it guarantees students & faculty will have access to titles that weren’t firm-ordered.
- #7: This list represents why DDA and STLs are important to the CTW consortium. Some are also being experienced by the my co-presenters’ institutions/consortia, but some are unique to CTW. In the next few slides, I’ll cover some Realities and Considerations for the CTW libraries – these should provide some context for each of these
- #8: Budgets: Despite steady tuition increases, the libraries’ monographic budgets have not increased accordingly. Overall, our budgets are 41% lower than in AY 2008 More stable but lower budgets now prevail
- #9: The continuous, rising costs of Serials & eResources, -- demand an ever growing slice of CTW’s acquisition pie. The slice for Books has decreased by 12% since FY 2008 CTW’s Monographic Budgets have dropped 41% overall – Not only due to budget cuts, but also to re-allocations to help pay for Serials & eResources Recent discussions with journal vendors indicate they expect journal prices to continue rising at a minimum of 3% per year. Are pricing practices discussed across the divisions of a publishing house? What’s the potential impact on the entire company? In CTW’s case – flat budgets = cut backs or cancellations
- #10: We started a new DDA program for several reasons: Try the STL model: decrease likelihood that we’d purchase titles with insignificant use (one page views) Integration with YBP/GOBI Allowed selectors add titles of their choosing to the DDA pool. After a year, only 2000 titles had been added by selectors, we opted to try YBP’s automation and DDA profile. This was a good move in terms of the collection size and overall quality of titles being offering. We’ve triggered a few gasp-worthy STL fees $94.50 for a 7 day loan vs. same title $19 - only 2 months before But NO complaints about average STL fees from Sept 2012 – May 2014: $13.88 for a 7 day loan But things have changed…
- #11: An exclusively electronic library Acquisitions model commonly called: Demand Driven Acquisitons (DDA) or Patron Driven Acquisitions (PDA) Basic concept is that the library gains access to an increased volume of material, but only pay for what is actually used. Library selectors establish a profile that governs which types of materials the library will receive (e.g. date, price, publisher limits). The platform generates a pool of MARC discovery records based on the content profile which are then loaded into the library catalog waiting for patrons to discover and interact with them.
- #12: Extended interaction triggers a short term loan (STL), for which there is a charge; varies by publisher.
- #13: A certain number of loans (set by participating library) triggers an auto-purchase of the eBook. NonLinear Lending: Per copy purchased, 325 loan instances per year, renewing each year. Heavy concurrent use could exhaust those loan instances in a shorter period of time.
- #14: will give overview how program is set up between EBL, YPB and our consortium. later we will each present local workflows and individual issues we have encountered Two things SPECIAL about CTW setup 1. share pool not purchases -- each triggers own 2. three sep. databases VuFind layer = consortial catalog individual catalogs is reason why workflows vary
- #15: starting with EBL --1st role = manage triggers (short term loans and auto-purchases) STL triggers *Same across CTW *Browse over 5 min. *Any printing, downloading or copying Auto-purchase triggers *individually set *Trinity = 2 STLs, with auto-purchase on 3rd use *Conn + Wesleyan = 3 STLs, with auto-purchase on 4th use
- #16: EBL also provides options for cost control STL price caps Loans vary by publisher, some $$$. Price caps help prevent $$$ loans accumulating. Two options * mediated option = if STL above pricepoint, email sent staff may approve, deny, or purchase Trinity = $40 -- Wesleyan= $50 Disadvantage patron wait *STL Bypass Option STL above a pricepoint, purchase immediately triggered currently CC only = 35% of list price
- #17: EBL record deduplication service de-duplicates against our Ebrary A.C. & EBSCO eBook subscriptions (to which all 3 CTW libraries subscribe) We upload holdings 2 or 3 times per year. EBL matches against DDA pool generates delete file sent to catalogers They reimburse charges to EBL titles also in Ebrary A.C. since both Ebrary & EBL are now Proquest entities.
- #18: Both EBL and YBP provide their own discovery records (records for unpurchased titles) There are other options – we’ve each chosen a different approach Will discuss later
- #19: Turning to YBP (in addition to providing discovery records) 1. Manage the DDA profile 2. Provide special tools within the GOBI ordering system 4. Manage invoicing & payments
- #20: In beginning, CollDev. Librs met to determine a content profile - support curricula of all 3 schools -Subject parms were established based on LC classes & subclasses, incl. interdisciplinary topics - included university presses & a select list of academic publishers - Chose date parm publ. 2008- - English language only - Exclude certain publ. types not amenable to ebooks - mediate auto-purchases over $200 *Publishers List prices often increased by publisher over time. May enter pool below $200 but later raise above. Aaron will discuss this issue more later
- #21: YBP manages invoicing and payments YBP invoices libraries individually NOT paid from a consortial account --paid out of individual libraries’ budgets & accounts YBP separates STLs and purchases onto diff. invoices --both paid from same YBP subaccount
- #22: finally, YBP special tools thru GOBI online ordering system. 1. DDA data in GOBItween interface When title added (discovery record) Library History: “EBL DDA Record Sent” --tells selectors record active in DDA pool. 2. Provision for ordering outside of profile
- #23: Screenshot of GOBI ordering system, with GOBItween link.
- #24: GOBItween detail screen, indicating DDA record sent.
- #41: Strengths of the SerSol Platform Creates a single stream of records from multiple collections/subscriptions. Merges access points into one MARC record for title overlap across collections. Library can set record customizations and distribution frequency. Some collection updates are completely automated as providers feed updates into KB.
- #43: Selection profiles narrow the title access to a subset of the full collection on offer. Discovery record pool is very fluid and constantly fluctuating in record count. To date, there is no viable automation or direct feed from EBL database to SerSol platform. Partially due to our consortial setup.
- #46: Biweekly, check the EBL LibCentral databse to retrieve the most up-to-date title list of all “Visible” titles: discovery and purchased. Download a CSV file populated with metadata. The direct URL for each eBook will become the match point in the SerSol KB since it contains a unique book ID #. http://trincoll.eblib.com/patron/FullRecord.aspx?p=1118497 Modify the URL into a syntax the Serials Solutions’ matching algorithms will recognize.
- #47: Modify the URL into a syntax the Serials Solutions’ matching algorithms will recognize. Populate the SerSol ODSE template with the modified URLs and switch all other data elements (e.g. title, ISBN) to neutral values. In the SerSol KB deselect all currently active titles then upload the ODSE file to the server for processing.
- #48: Will discuss CC’s approach to DDA management. notice workflows at each library have taken different turn. - Because (reiterating) -3 separate catalogs -auto-purchases not shared consortially - each school triggers its own purchases – means we are each free to develop our own procedures.
- #49: For discovery records – we had a few options: EBL = unacceptable quality examples: -improperly formatted content notes + subject fields -problems w/ 520 field summaries often cut off mid-word/sentence 2) YBP = “acceptable quality” -- have issues (mentioned prev.): they are converted print records with 533 fields no OCLC #’s - require manual customization 3) Other options exist – Todd talked about one (360) We chose to channel records thru OCLC Collection Manager CM uses records from WorldCat Recs generally good quality + additional benefits which I will discuss next
- #50: CM free with cataloging subscription = easy to experiment with To start asked EBL deliver weekly feed to OCLC KB After: KB now knows which titles= discovery pool and =purchased collection We are also using CM for Ebrary and EBSCO subscr. = opens up a variety of benefits. single workflow for DDA & subscr. ebook collections - adds/updates/deletes processed together Single record for title overlap where same in EBL, Ebrary & EBSCO = single rec w/ multiple URLs This has reduced duplicate & triplicate recs, which was a big concern for public services We also reorder 856 fields EBL displays below any others try to steer patrons away from DDA link when in other collections
- #51: (mentioned) CC= two EBL collections in KB -- discovery recs and purchases can see recs OCLC thinks we should have anytime. also tools to manually add / remove titles from KB collections Our current configuration: Discovery recs monthly, merged file Purchased recs: weekly CC now uses CM for all DDA rec mgmnt, with one exception: large delete files issued by EBL manually processed ASAP
- #52: things to be aware of (pros outweigh the cons, but): *Keep the delay in record changes in mind: -slight lag time btwn EBL update and KB to process (may be off by a few weeks) *Recs susceptible to any problems in WorldCat, e.g, dups for same title, or other cataloging problems. -when corrected in, re-sent as in Update file *Lastly, when dup recs merged in WorldCat, invalid records not sent in delete file - need to run a separate process (MarcEdit & Access) find 035$z’s in merged recs & batch delete
- #53: I’ll close this section with something of a workflow sequence for Connecticut College DDA. 1. Cataloger: Loads discovery records via OCLC Collection Manager (monthly) 2. Patron: Discovers catalog record and interacts with ebook, triggering STL Due to our price cap, if STL >=35% list price, title is auto-purchased 3. EBL: Emails “Short Term Loan alert” each time an STL is triggered 4. YBP: Sends paper invoice for STL charges (sent weekly) 5. Acq: - Receives invoice & processes for payment YBP deposit account - Creates PO in Voyager; attaches invoice & line item to the discovery record for each STL (later we will create a separate P.O. once a title has been purchased) --These steps repeat until auto-purchase is triggered --
- #54: 6. Patron: Interacts with ebook final time, triggering purchase 7. EBL: Emails notification of purchase –"Autopurchase Alert" 8. Cataloger: Retrieves a record from the EBL purchased collection in Collection Manager / overlays the discovery record 9. YBP: Issues invoice for purchase price of item(s) 10. Acq: -Processes invoice for payment -Creates new PO, and attaches to purchased record
- #55: This slide is provided if any of you want to learn more about Collection Manager and the OCLC Knowldege Base, and specifically how they can help with DDA.
- #61: It is worth noting the considerable change in the vendor landscape, from the time of our DDA expansion profile arrangement, EBL merged with Ebrary, one of the other major ebook providers we considered for DDA plan.