CÂU Bị ĐỘNG
- 1. By NGUYỄN DIỆU VY from RISE Tutors Club CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG (LÍ THUYẾT + BÀI TẬP) I. LÍ THUYẾT 1. Câu bị động cơ bản - CÔNG THỨC: S + V + O (chủ động) O + BE + VP2 + BY + S (bị động) - VÍ DỤ: + Mary and I will have to finish the project S V O The project will have to be finished by Mary and I. O BE VP2 S + My father often waters these flowers. S V O These flowers are often watered by my father. O BE VP2 S - LƯU Ý: a. Có một số trường hợp không cần dùng “by somebody” + I have eaten the cake. => The cake has been eaten. (không cần nói “by me”) + They did their homework last night. => Their homework was done last night. (không cần nói “by them”) + Are you going to wear that hat to school? => Is that hat going to be worn to school? (không cần nói “by you”) Dùng “by somebody” trong trường hợp muốn nhấn mạnh + The vase was broken by you! It was your fault! (nhấn mạnh rằng: đó là lỗi của bạn) + Your homework have to be done by you or else you won’t remember the lesson. (nhấn mạnh rằng: bạn phải tự làm bài tập) b. Trật tự trong câu: S + TO BE + VP2 + PLACE + BY + TIME (Cách nhớ nhanh: Place By Time = Phở Bò Tái) + Dinner is being cooked in the kitchen by my mom. P B + The song will be sung on the stage tomorrow. P T + The crown was worn at the ball by the queen last year. P B T
- 2. By NGUYỄN DIỆU VY from RISE Tutors Club 2. Câu bị động kép 2.1. Khi động từ chính ở thì hiện tại - CÔNG THỨC: (lưu ý A CLAUSE = S + V + O) People think/ say/... + that + A CLAUSE It is thought/ said/... + that + A CLAUSE S + is/ am/ are + thought/ said/... + TO V + O (nếu động từ trong clause ở thì hiện tại đơn hoặc tương lai đơn) S + is/ am/ are + thought/ said/... + TO HAVE VP2 + O (nếu động từ trong clause ở thì quá khứ đơn hoặc hiện tại hoàn thành) - VÍ DỤ: + People believe that she will become a famous singer. (hiện tại) (tương lai) It’s believed that she will become a famous singer. She is believed to become a famous singer. + Everyone thinks that he is a good teacher. (hiện tại) (hiện tại) It’s thought that he is a good teacher. He is thought to be a good teacher. 2.2. Khi động từ chính ở thì quá khứ - CÔNG THỨC: People thought/ said/... + that + A CLAUSE It was thought/ said/... + that + A CLAUSE S + was/ were + thought/ said + TO V + O (nếu động từ trong clause ở thì quá khứ đơn) S + was/ were + thought/ said + TO HAVE VP2 + O (nếu động từ trong clause ở thì quá khứ hoàn thành) - VÍ DỤ: + They reported that the prisoner escaped. (quá khứ) (quá khứ đơn) It was reported that the prisoner escaped. The prisoner was reported to escape. + People told that the storm had gone. (quá khứ) (quá khứ hoàn thành) It was told that the storm had gone. The storm was told to have gone.
- 3. By NGUYỄN DIỆU VY from RISE Tutors Club II. BÀI TẬP BÀI 1. Chuyển các câu sau sang bị động 1. You has not finished your homework yet. ________________________________. 2. I had prepared the meat before you came. ________________________________. 3. Hannah picked the songs for her concert. ________________________________. 4. They are painting the wall at the moment. ________________________________. 5. My brother will fix the tube in the bathroom. ________________________________. 6. You can’t eat the cake immediately. It’s hot! ________________________________. 7. Why didn’t James bring his book yesterday? ________________________________. 8. What is your sister writing in her room now? ________________________________. 9. Could you give me the tea cup? ________________________________. 10. Kim shouldn’t have bought that dress. ________________________________. BÀI 2. Chuyển các câu sau sang bị động (sử dụng 2 cách) 0. They say that she has left the town. - It’s said that she has left the town. - She is said to have left the town. 1. Many people believed that the Earth was flat. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 2. His neighbours tell that he hasn’t been home for days. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 3. Research shows that the sales have increased fast. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 4. Her family believed that she had been kidnapped. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 5. People say that he will be successful in the future. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 6. They suppose that the murderer has been caught. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 7. People told that it rained hard last winter. - _______________________________. - _______________________________.
- 4. By NGUYỄN DIỆU VY from RISE Tutors Club 8. Her friends said that she had not attended any class. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 9. The weather forecast supposes that it will not snow tomorrow. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. 10. Vietnamese people has said that Ariana canceled the show. - _______________________________. - _______________________________. BÀI 3. Phát hiện (các) lỗi sai trong các câu sau và chữa 1. The room was cleaned yesterday by my mother 2. It’s say that he has moved to another town. 3. The Christmas tree had been do up. 4. Your cat has not fed yet. 5. It wasn’t base on a true story. It was make up. 6. The children were took home. 7. New machines are being tested at the moment in room number 5. 8. The bag was leaved at the train station by James. 9. The tower are being built. 10. The wifi isn’t connects. BÀI 4. Chọn đáp án đúng nghĩa với câu trong “...” 1. “Golfers use clubs” A. Clubs were used by golfers. B. Clubs are used by golfers. C. Clubs will be used by golfers. D. All are correct. 2. “Solutions to polluted environment have been made by the government” A. The government makes solutions to polluted environment. B. The government made solutions to polluted environment. C. The government has made solutions to polluted environment. D. All are correct. 3. “They made these shoes in China.” A. These shoes are made in China. B. These shoes had been made in China. C. These shoes made in China. D. These shoes were made in China. 4. “Your project must be handed in Friday.” A. You must hand in your project by Friday. B. You will have to hand in your project by Friday. C. You handed in your project in Friday. D. You has handed in your project in Friday. 5. I will have my hair cut in Sunday morning. A. I will cut my hair in Sunday morning. B. My hair will be cut in Sunday morning. C. My hair will have cut in Sunday morning. D. I will have my hair be cut in Sunday morning.