Cycle 2 engineering design process (hampton & fisk)

Engineer Design Process
Thinking like an Engineer …

Scientist vs. Engineer


“Scientists discover the world that exists;
engineers create the world that never was."
~Theodore Von Karman (aerospace engineer)

Design Criteria – a principle or a standard by which something is judged;
a RUBRIC with which a product can be graded on
Factors engineers consider when determining a product’s design criteria include:


Customer – (Who is the product intended for?)



Aesthetics – (What will make the product appealing?)



Function – (What functions must this product be able to perform?)



Environment – (Is the manufacturing of this product eco-friendly?)



Quality – (How will I ensure a high-quality product?)



Useability – (How easy is it to use the product? Will a user guide be needed?)



Safety – (How will you make sure the product is safe to use?)

http://www.digitaldandt.org/index.php/electronics/design-develop-manufacture/exploring?start=6

Design Constraints – rules/restrictions of design that cannot be
broken
Factors engineers consider when determining a product’s design
constraints:


Economic Concerns – (e.g. cost of materials)



Environmental Concerns – (e.g. pollution)



Sustainability Concerns – (e.g. availability of raw materials)



Legal Concerns – (e.g. patents)



Health & Safety Concerns – (e.g. radioactive waste)

http://engineering.missouri.edu/mae/files/realistic_constraints.pdf

Constraint vs. Criteria
 Criteria

are GOALS which must be met in
order to satisfy a challenge
 Constraints are factors that LIMIT how you
can solve a problem
Criteria are what you should do,
constraints are what you cannot do

More Engineering Terminology …


Brainstorming – an individual/group creativity technique
where people focus on finding solutions to a specific
problem by gathering a list of ideas from all group members



Prototype – an early sample or model of a product built to
test an idea/design OR to serve as something to be copied
or learned from



Tradeoff (Trade-off) - losing one feature of a product in
order to gain another feature; (getting an upside for a
downside)



Troubleshoot – a systematic approach to problem solving
used fix failed products/processes by identifying the source
of the problem

Hazardous Air Quality Forces Beijing
Residents Indoors
(ABC News)


http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mobU0j331DY

Cycle 2 engineering design process (hampton & fisk)

Some Technical Definitions


(Particulate) Air Filter - a device composed of stringy
materials which removes solid particulates such as
dust, pollen, mold, and bacteria from the air



Atmospheric Particulate Matter (PM) - tiny pieces of
solid or liquid matter suspended in the Earth's
atmosphere



Micrometer (Micron) – metric unit which is equal to
1×10−6 of a meter or 0.001 mm; expressed as µm

MERV

Min. particle size

Typical controlled
contaminant [2]

17–20[3]

< 0.3 μm

Virus, carbon dust, sea
salt, smoke

Electronics & pharmaceutical
manufacturing cleanroom

0.3–1.0 μm

Bacteria, droplet nuclei
(sneeze), cooking oil, most
smoke and insecticide dust,
most face powder, most
paint pigments

hospital & general surgery

13–16

9–12

1.0–3.0 μm

5–8[4]

3.0–10.0 μm

1–4

> 10.0 μm

Legionella, Humidifier
dust, Lead dust, Milled
flour, Auto emission
particulates, Nebulizer
droplets
Mold, spores, dust mite
debris, cat and dog dander,
hair spray, fabric protector,
dusting aids, pudding mix
Pollen, dust mites,
cockroach debris, sanding
dust, spray paint dust,
textile fibers, carpet fibers

Typical Application

[2]

Superior residential, better
commercial, hospital
laboratories

Better residential, general
commercial, industrial
workspaces

Residential window AC units

“Cleaning the Air”
Indoor Air Filter Design Challenge
 Challenge:

Design an air filter that
filters out the most particulate matter
without blocking the air flow



(Challenge Accepted! )

Air Filter Design Criteria & Constraints
Criteria:
1. Filter cannot block more than 50% of the air
flow
2. Filter must be designed to fit into the testing
apparatus
3. Must test filter (at least) once
Constraints:
1. Can only use materials provided by teacher
2. Budget of $3.00

1. Aerospace Engineering - Aerospace engineers
design, analyze, model, simulate, and test aircraft,
spacecraft, satellites, missiles, and rockets.
Aerospace technology also extends to many other
applications of objects moving within gases or
liquids. Examples are golf balls, high-speed trains,
hydrofoil ships, or tall buildings in the wind.
Aerospace engineers are typically specialists in fields
with fancy names such as aerodynamics, propulsion,
navigation, flight testing, and more.
2. Acoustical Engineering - Application of acoustics
(the science of sound and vibration) in technology.
Acoustical engineers are typically concerned with
the design, analysis and control of sound. Projects
they can work on include improving noise control,
developing medical ultrasound equipment,
programming digital sound synthesizers, and
enhancing building acoustics & sound systems.
http://www.engr.utexas.edu/wep/Precollege/Whats_engineering/engineering_disciplines.htmr

3. Biomedical Engineering - This is an
interdisciplinary field combining mechanical,
electrical, and chemical engineering to study the
human body. Biomedical Engineers study biology
and medicine to develop technologies related to
health care. They develop medical diagnostic
machines, medical instruments, artificial organs,
joint replacement parts, and prosthetic devices.

4. Chemical Engineering - Chemical
Engineers use their knowledge of physics,
chemistry, and biology to discover and
manufacture better plastics, paints, fuels,
fibers, medicines, fertilizers,
semiconductors, paper, and all other kinds
of chemicals, by carrying out chemical
reactions and purifications.

5. Civil Engineering - The design and
construction of buildings, dams, water
treatment and carrying systems, air pollution
controls, and transportation systems are the
responsibilities of civil
engineers. Subcategories of civil engineering
include: structural, geotechnical,
environmental, transportation, materials, and
project management.
6. Construction Engineering – A field which
deals with the designing, planning,
construction, and management of
infrastructures such as highways, bridges,
airports, railroads, buildings, dams, and
utilities. Construction Engineers are unique
because that they are a cross between civil
engineers and construction managers.

7. Computer Engineering - Computer engineers are
involved in the development of both hardware and
software for computers. They work on computerrelated systems like CD-ROMs, modems and monitors,
as well as cutting-edge projects including robotics
and virtual reality systems.
8. Environmental Engineering - Keeping the water,
air and soil healthy are the responsibilities of
environmental engineers. To accomplish this goal they
deal with issues including waste management,
pollution control and irrigation.
9. Electrical Engineering - Electrical engineering
deals with electricity, magnetism, and light and how it
is used. Electrical engineers work for many different
kinds of companies including the computer,
communications, and automotive industries.

10. Mechanical Engineering - Engineers
within this discipline tend to focus on one of
three aspects of mechanical engineering:
design, manufacturing, or energy/power.
Cars, airplanes and toys are just a few of the
areas in which mechanical engineers work.
11. Nuclear Engineering - Nuclear engineers
design, implement and maintain systems relating
to nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. This can
range from the construction of a nuclear power
plant to researching medical applications of
nuclear technology. A nuclear engineer will be
involved at every step of the nuclear process, from
fission or fusion to the disposal of nuclear waste
products. The work of nuclear engineers takes the
theoretical research of nuclear physicists and helps
to provide practical uses for the public.
Taken from: www.discoverengineering.org



http://www.carbodydesign.com/2012/03/the-design-process-at-the-bmwgroup/



The customized filter is just 1 part of the MinusA2's robust 6-stage air filtration system. Other components include:



Washable Pre-Filter - Traps large dust particles, pet hair, and other allergens. This filter is washable to help save you
money on replacement filter costs.



Medium Filter - Traps particles larger than 1 micron, including mold spores, pollen, and pet dander. This filter also helps
extend the life of the HEPA filter.



BioGS HEPA Filter - A standard in allergen control, the BioGS true HEPA filter removes 99.97% of allergen particles as small
as 0.3 microns.



Activated Carbon Filter - This charcoal-based activated carbon filter absorbs common household odors, VOCs, and
chemicals.



Negative Ion Generator - The negative ion generator produces millions of healthy negative ions to improve the air you
breathe and freshen your indoor environment. This feature can be turned on and off.

Cycle 2 engineering design process (hampton & fisk)

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