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Decision CAMP 2014 - Howard Rogers - Programming with decision tables v01

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Decision CAMP

The document provides a comprehensive overview of decision tables as a programming tool, including their historical development, structure, and practical applications. It discusses optimization techniques, relevant testing, and future developments in decision table usage, highlighting tools and languages involved. The document also emphasizes the importance of decision tables in various industries and their integration into modern programming environments.

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rapidgen.com Howard Rogers Director Technical Support howard.rogers@rapidgen.com Decision Tables as a Programming tool
rapidgen.com Agenda •A brief history •Decision table structures •Rule formats •Rule redundancy, reduction and optimisation •Relevance testing •Some practical examples •Current examples of use •Future developments •Questions and Answers 2
rapidgen.com Speaker •Statistics & Operation Research •UK National Health Service •35 years IT •Decision table based languages and compilers •Query & reporting tools •Generic file & database access •Brief interlude with RTPI •Technical support 3
rapidgen.com History •NASA •Morgan Crucible – LITA – List &Tabulate •TABN for ICL 1900 series mainframes •(DE)TAB-360 for IBM System/360 •UNITAB for UNIVAC •HTAB for Honeywell •TAB-11 for RSTS/E on PDP-11 •FTL6/DTPL for ICT 1900 series •RPL-11 for RT-11, RSTS/E, RSX-11 on PDP-11 •RPL-3 for IBM System/3 •Filetab-D for x86 and PDP-11, OpenVMS VAX •FPL - IBM PCs and compatibles. •RPL, Rapid-Expert and expertGenius extended syntax for Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux and OpenVMS,VAX, Alpha & Itanium 4
rapidgen.com History •Excel – query tables •COPE – Translate DTs to COBOL •LogicGEM – Translate to BASIC,C, C++, FORTRAN, Pascal etc etc •CCIDE – Pre-processor for BASIC, JAVA, CC, C++, BASH, QB, VB, and EX(euphoria) •Silk (Simple In-line Logic Kompiler) converting decision tables to Cobol code and vice versa. •PASPREP – Pascal preprocessor •Many many others 5
rapidgen.com Decision table structure •Conditions •Actions •Condition rules •Action rules 6
rapidgen.com Single Condition Decision Table Condition Stubs Rules Action Stubs Actions 7 Quantity > 100 Y N Apply 20% Discount X -
rapidgen.com Decision Tables Horizontal vs Vertical Condition Stubs Action Stubs Rules Actions 8 Quantity > 100 Apply 20% Discount Y N X -
rapidgen.com Multiple Single Decision Table Condition Stubs Rules Action Stubs Actions 9 Quantity > 100 Y Y N N Cash payment Y N Y N Apply 20% Discount X - - - Apply 10% Discount - X - - Apply 5% Discount - - X - No discount - - - -
rapidgen.com Multiple Condition DTs 10 •Complete True/False Y N require 2^Conditions rules •3 Conditions – 8 rules •4 Conditions – 16 rules •etc •Use of “-” to reduce completeness •Practical limit 32
rapidgen.com Five Conditions – One rule 11 Initially no discount Quantity > 100 Y - Cash payment Y - Credit_check Y - Product type is laptop Y - Employee N - Apply 5% Discount X -
rapidgen.com Multiple Section Decision Table 12 Quantity > 100 Y Y N N Cash payment Y N Y N Apply 20% Discount X - - - Apply 10% Discount - X - - Apply 5% Discount - - X - No discount - - - - Discount_amount < $1 Y - No discount X - Discount amount > $1000 Y - Set discount $1000 X -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 1 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y Y N N N N Cash payment Y Y N N Y Y N N Special clearance Y N Y N Y N Y N Accept order X X X - X X X X Reject Order - - - X - - - -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 2 14 1&2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y N N N N Cash payment Y N N Y Y N N Special clearance - Y N Y N Y N Accept order X X - X X X X Reject Order - - X - - - -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 3 15 1&2 3 4 5&6 7&8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y N N Cash payment Y N N Y N Special clearance - Y N - - Accept order X X - X X Reject Order - - X - -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 4 16 1&2 3 4 567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y N Cash payment Y N N - Special clearance - Y N - Accept order X X - X Reject Order - - X -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 5 17 4 123567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y ELSE Cash payment N - Special clearance N - Accept order - X Reject Order X -
rapidgen.com Optimising Decision Tables 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y Y N N N N Cash payment Y Y N N Y Y N N Special clearance Y N Y N Y N Y N Accept order X - X - X X X X Reject Order - X - X - - - - 2&4 123567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y ELSE Special clearance N - Accept order - X Reject Order X -
rapidgen.com ELSE Rule 19 4 123567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y ELSE Cash payment N - Special clearance N - Accept order - X Reject Order X -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables – Extended entry 20 TRANSKEY GT MASTKEY Y - - - ELSE TRANSKEY EQ MASTKEY - Y Y - - TRANSKEY LT MASTKEY - - - Y - TRANSTYPE = “I” - - - Y - TRANSTYPE = “D” - - Y - - TRANSTYPE = “A” - Y - - - CALL PROCESS_MATCH - X - - - CALL PROCESS_MISS - - X - - CALL PROCESS_ADD - - - X - CALL NEXT_TRANS - X X X - CALL NEXT_MAST X X X - - REPEAT X X X X -
rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables – Extended entry 21 TRANSKEY ? MASTKEY > = = < ELSE TRANSTYPE = “?” - A D I - CALL PROCESS_? - MATCH MISS ADD - CALL NEXT_TRANS - X X X - CALL NEXT_MAST X X X - - REPEAT X X X X -
rapidgen.com Ambiguity or Multi-ruling? 22 Set discount Initialise DISCOUNT_PERC Cash payment Y - - - Special offer - Y - - Good credit history - - Y - DISCOUNT_PERC + ? 5 10 2 -
rapidgen.com Code generation 1 23 |--------------------------------------------------| |--------------------------------------------------| |# |STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | |--------------------------------------------------| |C1 |Cash payment |y |y |y |y |n |n |n |n | |C2 |Special offer |y |y |n |n |y |y |n |n | |C3 |Good credit history |y |n |y |n |y |n |y |n | |==================================================| |A1 |Discount initialise | | | | | | | | | |A2 |Discount + 5 |X |X |X |X | | | | | |A3 |Discount + 10 |X |X | | |X |X | | | |A4 |Discount + 2 |X | |X | |X | |X | | |--------------------------------------------------|
rapidgen.com Generation – Nested If/else 1 24 { if ((Cash payment)) { if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 1 */ Discount + 5; Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 2 */ Discount + 5; Discount + 10; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 3 */ Discount + 5; Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 4 */ Discount + 5; } } } else {
rapidgen.com Generation – Nested If/else 2 25 if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 5 */ Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 6 */ Discount + 10; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 7 */ Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 8 */ } } } }
rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 1 26 { if ((Cash payment)) { if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 1; } else { rule_number = 2; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 3; } else { rule_number = 4; } } }
rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 2 27 else { if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 5; } else { rule_number = 6; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 7; } else { rule_number = 8; } } }
rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 3 28 switch (rule_number) { case 1: Discount + 5; Discount + 10 ; Discount + 2; break; case 2: Discount + 5; Discount + 10; break; case 3: Discount + 5; Discount + 2; break; case 4: Discount + 5; break;
rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 4 29 case 5: Discount + 10; Discount + 2; break; case 6: Discount + 10; break; case 7: Discount + 2; break; case 8: break; }
rapidgen.com Generation – Rule List 1 30 { if ( ((Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } if ( ((Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; Discount + 10; } if ( ((Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; Discount + 2; } if ( ((Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; }
rapidgen.com Generation – Rule List 2 31 if ( (!(Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } if ( (!(Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 10; } if ( (!(Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 2; } if ( (!(Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { } }
rapidgen.com Generation – Rule Mask 32 {Mask = 11111111 {if ( Cash payment) Mask AND 11110000; } {if ( Special Offer) Mask AND 11001100; } {if (Good credit history) Mask AND 10101010; } {if (Mask AND 11110000) Discount + 5 ; } if (Mask AND 11001100) Discount + 10; } if (Mask AND 10101010) Discount + 2; }
rapidgen.com Rule masking 33 •Succinct code •Reduces repetition of condition testing •Reduced repetition of action code •Fast execution •No frequency/cost weighting of rules needed • All conditions are evaluated
rapidgen.com Relevance Testing 34 AGE > 50 Y - - CALL ADJUST_COVER Y - - TRANSKEY LT MASTKEY - Y - LOOKUP MASTER TRANSKEY - Y - Some operations require dynamic masking where actions may be performed or I/O occurs
rapidgen.com Relevance Testing 35 AGE > 50 Y - - COVER + 20 R - - TRANSKEY LT MASTKEY - Y - DISPLAY “Message” - R - Dynamic masking again needed when Actions are inserted into condition section of Decision Table using “R”
rapidgen.com Decision table linkage 36 CALLs to other DTs or object library routines CALL Credit_limit_exceeded Y ELSE CALL Cash_payment N - CALL Special_clearance N - CALL ACCEPT_ORDER - X CALL REJECT_ORDER X - GOTO link to DT or indirect CALL CALL Credit_limit_exceeded Y ELSE CALL Cash_payment N - CALL Special_clearance N - GOTO ACCEPT_ORDER - X CALL_I Variable_name X -
rapidgen.com Requirements of a DT language •Feature rich language •Support for multiple data types •Unmatched data type comparison •Good string handling/text manipulation •Access external routines/library functions •File, database, object and data dictionary •Callable access from other products •Source code maintenance, version control •Compiled and portable execution 37
rapidgen.com Decision Tables in other products •Uses GUI in SAP HANA Studio •SAP Parameter/Database DTs •Alternate use via Excel spreadsheets •SMARTS •OpenRules Engine •Decision First Modeler •Drools •Many more … 38
rapidgen.com Usage of RPL - expertGenius •Self compiling •Cross compiling •Source of Genius Suite •Code writing and compiling 4GL and RAD toolset •Complete layered application suites •Reporting – fixed logic 39
rapidgen.com Genius deployment •Aerospace factory tracking systems •Mobile phone billing systems •Payroll data mining •HR system ad-hoc querying •Newspaper distribution system •Stock control •Sales order dashboard & EIS •Web based on-line parts ordering 40
rapidgen.com CDT Callable Decision Tables •Simple calculator •Calculator code •Tax formula (UK) •Tax calculator •Tax code •CDT Callable access from other languages and applications 41
rapidgen.com Future developments •Extend range of generic database access •Ports to new architectures •Macro expansions for FEEL or S-FEEL •GUI extensions •CDT Callable access from other languages and applications •Cloud based compiler 42
rapidgen.com Questions ? 43
rapidgen.com Howard Rogers Director Technical Support howard.rogers@rapidgen.com howard.rogers@rapidgen.co.uk Decision Tables as a Programming tool
rapidgen.com Filetab •DEcision TABle-based computer programming language. •Long history originating in late 1960s •Developed by the UK National Computing Centre (NCC) •Originally used on ICL OS such as GEORGE 2/3 and VME, •Ported to a large number of others. 45
rapidgen.com Filetab •Original architect - Tom Barnard, who developed the program (LITA - LIst and TAbulate) for Morgan Crucible on an ICL 1902 from 1965–1968. Original purpose was to produce simple ad hoc reports with a plugboard on a punched card tabulator, replaced PLAN assembly language. •80 column card based parameters •Reporting tool specifying input and output formats, headings, sequencing and totalling. 46
rapidgen.com RapidGen Solutions RapidGen solves tough integration problems for OpenVMS customers • A variety of flexible options available –Analyse and provide ‘Customised Solutions’ –Future Proofing options with RapidGen • In-depth Legacy expertise • Services + Software –OpenVMS to Linux Migration Routines •Databases and Porting •Data Structures migration 47
rapidgen.com What Customers Tell Us Want to preserve, modernize or replace • Total cost of ownership • Risk, flexibility …but difficult • Bespoke or end-of-life applications • Custom interfaces issues • Skills shortage becoming more evident • Application Changes not permitted –E.g. Aerospace, Defence, Nuclear, Utilities 48
rapidgen.com Customers Want Flexibility They Need Options Choices 1.Update OpenVMS –Until end of 2015 2.Modernise –Translate data –Translate logic –Redefine logic in 4GL –Redevelop –Seamless Transition 3.Emulation Options –Reduce Operating Costs –Suitable for some Want •Proceed in stages –Reduces risk •Integration –Legacy ↔ Modern •Portability –Future-proof •Cost-effective Solutions 49
rapidgen.com HP Forward-looking statements Published Jan 2014 This is a rolling (up to three year) roadmap and is subject to change without notice. 50
rapidgen.com HP Forward-looking statements 51
rapidgen.com Example of HANA parameter DT QUANTITY ORDER_AMOUNT DISCOUNT <=2000 >10000 10 <=10000 5 >2000 >10000 15 <=10000 10 52
rapidgen.com Example of HANA Database DT MANUFACTURER MODEL_CLASS QUANTITY DISCOUNT Sprongal Handset >5 25 <=5 10 Notebook >5 15 <=5 10 Pruckman Tablet >5 15 <=5 8 Range Extender >5 10 <=5 5 53
rapidgen.com HP Forward-looking statements 54
rapidgen.com Genius Supported Platforms 55 Operating System Platforms Min. Version OpenVMS VAX 5.6 OpenVMS Alpha 6.1 OpenVMS Integrity / Itanium * Tru64 Alpha 4.0 HP-UX HP PA 9.x Windows Intel/AMD 32/64 2000 Linux •Red Hat, Debian, SUSE, Ubuntu, Fedora, Knoppix, Gentoo etc Intel/AMD 32/64 2.6.18 kernel
rapidgen.com Genius Supported File Types & Databases 56 OpenVMS Tru64 Windows Linux RMS Indexed ✔ via TCP/IP via TCP/IP ISAM ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Oracle RDB •via DSRI ✔ Oracle •via OCI ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ DBMS-32 •Codasyl ✔ Generic ODBC •SQL Server •MySQL •PostgreSQL •…others on request ✔ ✔ Ingres •Low-level API ✔ ✔ ✔
rapidgen.com • Howard Rogers • Jolyon Cox QUESTIONS
rapidgen.com Howard Rogers howard.rogers@rapidgen.com Tel: +44 (0) 1732 850081 Mob: +44 (0) 7734 962855 Providing Solutions and Options For OpenVMS Customers RapidGen Offices Info@RapidGen.com Tel: +44 (0) 207 630 9291
rapidgen.com About RapidGen •Integrating and modernizing legacy IT systems for over 30 years •Specialise in OpenVMS and Tru64 •Software is Powered by the ‘Genius’ Suite •Our USP Unique Selling Point – Decision Tables = –Rapid Development Turnaround –Providing Cost Effective Solutions –Applications Future Proofing 59
rapidgen.com Customers in EMEA include

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Decision CAMP 2014 - Howard Rogers - Programming with decision tables v01

  • 1. rapidgen.com Howard Rogers Director Technical Support howard.rogers@rapidgen.com Decision Tables as a Programming tool
  • 2. rapidgen.com Agenda •A brief history •Decision table structures •Rule formats •Rule redundancy, reduction and optimisation •Relevance testing •Some practical examples •Current examples of use •Future developments •Questions and Answers 2
  • 3. rapidgen.com Speaker •Statistics & Operation Research •UK National Health Service •35 years IT •Decision table based languages and compilers •Query & reporting tools •Generic file & database access •Brief interlude with RTPI •Technical support 3
  • 4. rapidgen.com History •NASA •Morgan Crucible – LITA – List &Tabulate •TABN for ICL 1900 series mainframes •(DE)TAB-360 for IBM System/360 •UNITAB for UNIVAC •HTAB for Honeywell •TAB-11 for RSTS/E on PDP-11 •FTL6/DTPL for ICT 1900 series •RPL-11 for RT-11, RSTS/E, RSX-11 on PDP-11 •RPL-3 for IBM System/3 •Filetab-D for x86 and PDP-11, OpenVMS VAX •FPL - IBM PCs and compatibles. •RPL, Rapid-Expert and expertGenius extended syntax for Microsoft Windows, Unix, Linux and OpenVMS,VAX, Alpha & Itanium 4
  • 5. rapidgen.com History •Excel – query tables •COPE – Translate DTs to COBOL •LogicGEM – Translate to BASIC,C, C++, FORTRAN, Pascal etc etc •CCIDE – Pre-processor for BASIC, JAVA, CC, C++, BASH, QB, VB, and EX(euphoria) •Silk (Simple In-line Logic Kompiler) converting decision tables to Cobol code and vice versa. •PASPREP – Pascal preprocessor •Many many others 5
  • 6. rapidgen.com Decision table structure •Conditions •Actions •Condition rules •Action rules 6
  • 7. rapidgen.com Single Condition Decision Table Condition Stubs Rules Action Stubs Actions 7 Quantity > 100 Y N Apply 20% Discount X -
  • 8. rapidgen.com Decision Tables Horizontal vs Vertical Condition Stubs Action Stubs Rules Actions 8 Quantity > 100 Apply 20% Discount Y N X -
  • 9. rapidgen.com Multiple Single Decision Table Condition Stubs Rules Action Stubs Actions 9 Quantity > 100 Y Y N N Cash payment Y N Y N Apply 20% Discount X - - - Apply 10% Discount - X - - Apply 5% Discount - - X - No discount - - - -
  • 10. rapidgen.com Multiple Condition DTs 10 •Complete True/False Y N require 2^Conditions rules •3 Conditions – 8 rules •4 Conditions – 16 rules •etc •Use of “-” to reduce completeness •Practical limit 32
  • 11. rapidgen.com Five Conditions – One rule 11 Initially no discount Quantity > 100 Y - Cash payment Y - Credit_check Y - Product type is laptop Y - Employee N - Apply 5% Discount X -
  • 12. rapidgen.com Multiple Section Decision Table 12 Quantity > 100 Y Y N N Cash payment Y N Y N Apply 20% Discount X - - - Apply 10% Discount - X - - Apply 5% Discount - - X - No discount - - - - Discount_amount < $1 Y - No discount X - Discount amount > $1000 Y - Set discount $1000 X -
  • 13. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 1 13 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y Y N N N N Cash payment Y Y N N Y Y N N Special clearance Y N Y N Y N Y N Accept order X X X - X X X X Reject Order - - - X - - - -
  • 14. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 2 14 1&2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y N N N N Cash payment Y N N Y Y N N Special clearance - Y N Y N Y N Accept order X X - X X X X Reject Order - - X - - - -
  • 15. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 3 15 1&2 3 4 5&6 7&8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y N N Cash payment Y N N Y N Special clearance - Y N - - Accept order X X - X X Reject Order - - X - -
  • 16. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 4 16 1&2 3 4 567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y N Cash payment Y N N - Special clearance - Y N - Accept order X X - X Reject Order - - X -
  • 17. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables 5 17 4 123567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y ELSE Cash payment N - Special clearance N - Accept order - X Reject Order X -
  • 18. rapidgen.com Optimising Decision Tables 18 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Credit limit exceeded Y Y Y Y N N N N Cash payment Y Y N N Y Y N N Special clearance Y N Y N Y N Y N Accept order X - X - X X X X Reject Order - X - X - - - - 2&4 123567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y ELSE Special clearance N - Accept order - X Reject Order X -
  • 19. rapidgen.com ELSE Rule 19 4 123567&8 Credit limit exceeded Y ELSE Cash payment N - Special clearance N - Accept order - X Reject Order X -
  • 20. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables – Extended entry 20 TRANSKEY GT MASTKEY Y - - - ELSE TRANSKEY EQ MASTKEY - Y Y - - TRANSKEY LT MASTKEY - - - Y - TRANSTYPE = “I” - - - Y - TRANSTYPE = “D” - - Y - - TRANSTYPE = “A” - Y - - - CALL PROCESS_MATCH - X - - - CALL PROCESS_MISS - - X - - CALL PROCESS_ADD - - - X - CALL NEXT_TRANS - X X X - CALL NEXT_MAST X X X - - REPEAT X X X X -
  • 21. rapidgen.com Simplifying Decision Tables – Extended entry 21 TRANSKEY ? MASTKEY > = = < ELSE TRANSTYPE = “?” - A D I - CALL PROCESS_? - MATCH MISS ADD - CALL NEXT_TRANS - X X X - CALL NEXT_MAST X X X - - REPEAT X X X X -
  • 22. rapidgen.com Ambiguity or Multi-ruling? 22 Set discount Initialise DISCOUNT_PERC Cash payment Y - - - Special offer - Y - - Good credit history - - Y - DISCOUNT_PERC + ? 5 10 2 -
  • 23. rapidgen.com Code generation 1 23 |--------------------------------------------------| |--------------------------------------------------| |# |STATEMENT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 | |--------------------------------------------------| |C1 |Cash payment |y |y |y |y |n |n |n |n | |C2 |Special offer |y |y |n |n |y |y |n |n | |C3 |Good credit history |y |n |y |n |y |n |y |n | |==================================================| |A1 |Discount initialise | | | | | | | | | |A2 |Discount + 5 |X |X |X |X | | | | | |A3 |Discount + 10 |X |X | | |X |X | | | |A4 |Discount + 2 |X | |X | |X | |X | | |--------------------------------------------------|
  • 24. rapidgen.com Generation – Nested If/else 1 24 { if ((Cash payment)) { if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 1 */ Discount + 5; Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 2 */ Discount + 5; Discount + 10; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 3 */ Discount + 5; Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 4 */ Discount + 5; } } } else {
  • 25. rapidgen.com Generation – Nested If/else 2 25 if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 5 */ Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 6 */ Discount + 10; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { /* rule 7 */ Discount + 2; } else { /* rule 8 */ } } } }
  • 26. rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 1 26 { if ((Cash payment)) { if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 1; } else { rule_number = 2; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 3; } else { rule_number = 4; } } }
  • 27. rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 2 27 else { if ((Special offer)) { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 5; } else { rule_number = 6; } } else { if ((Good credit history)) { rule_number = 7; } else { rule_number = 8; } } }
  • 28. rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 3 28 switch (rule_number) { case 1: Discount + 5; Discount + 10 ; Discount + 2; break; case 2: Discount + 5; Discount + 10; break; case 3: Discount + 5; Discount + 2; break; case 4: Discount + 5; break;
  • 29. rapidgen.com Generation – Case Switch 4 29 case 5: Discount + 10; Discount + 2; break; case 6: Discount + 10; break; case 7: Discount + 2; break; case 8: break; }
  • 30. rapidgen.com Generation – Rule List 1 30 { if ( ((Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } if ( ((Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; Discount + 10; } if ( ((Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; Discount + 2; } if ( ((Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 5; }
  • 31. rapidgen.com Generation – Rule List 2 31 if ( (!(Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 10; Discount + 2; } if ( (!(Cash payment)) && ((Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 10; } if ( (!(Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && ((Good credit history)) ) { Discount + 2; } if ( (!(Cash payment)) && (!(Special offer)) && (!(Good credit history)) ) { } }
  • 32. rapidgen.com Generation – Rule Mask 32 {Mask = 11111111 {if ( Cash payment) Mask AND 11110000; } {if ( Special Offer) Mask AND 11001100; } {if (Good credit history) Mask AND 10101010; } {if (Mask AND 11110000) Discount + 5 ; } if (Mask AND 11001100) Discount + 10; } if (Mask AND 10101010) Discount + 2; }
  • 33. rapidgen.com Rule masking 33 •Succinct code •Reduces repetition of condition testing •Reduced repetition of action code •Fast execution •No frequency/cost weighting of rules needed • All conditions are evaluated
  • 34. rapidgen.com Relevance Testing 34 AGE > 50 Y - - CALL ADJUST_COVER Y - - TRANSKEY LT MASTKEY - Y - LOOKUP MASTER TRANSKEY - Y - Some operations require dynamic masking where actions may be performed or I/O occurs
  • 35. rapidgen.com Relevance Testing 35 AGE > 50 Y - - COVER + 20 R - - TRANSKEY LT MASTKEY - Y - DISPLAY “Message” - R - Dynamic masking again needed when Actions are inserted into condition section of Decision Table using “R”
  • 36. rapidgen.com Decision table linkage 36 CALLs to other DTs or object library routines CALL Credit_limit_exceeded Y ELSE CALL Cash_payment N - CALL Special_clearance N - CALL ACCEPT_ORDER - X CALL REJECT_ORDER X - GOTO link to DT or indirect CALL CALL Credit_limit_exceeded Y ELSE CALL Cash_payment N - CALL Special_clearance N - GOTO ACCEPT_ORDER - X CALL_I Variable_name X -
  • 37. rapidgen.com Requirements of a DT language •Feature rich language •Support for multiple data types •Unmatched data type comparison •Good string handling/text manipulation •Access external routines/library functions •File, database, object and data dictionary •Callable access from other products •Source code maintenance, version control •Compiled and portable execution 37
  • 38. rapidgen.com Decision Tables in other products •Uses GUI in SAP HANA Studio •SAP Parameter/Database DTs •Alternate use via Excel spreadsheets •SMARTS •OpenRules Engine •Decision First Modeler •Drools •Many more … 38
  • 39. rapidgen.com Usage of RPL - expertGenius •Self compiling •Cross compiling •Source of Genius Suite •Code writing and compiling 4GL and RAD toolset •Complete layered application suites •Reporting – fixed logic 39
  • 40. rapidgen.com Genius deployment •Aerospace factory tracking systems •Mobile phone billing systems •Payroll data mining •HR system ad-hoc querying •Newspaper distribution system •Stock control •Sales order dashboard & EIS •Web based on-line parts ordering 40
  • 41. rapidgen.com CDT Callable Decision Tables •Simple calculator •Calculator code •Tax formula (UK) •Tax calculator •Tax code •CDT Callable access from other languages and applications 41
  • 42. rapidgen.com Future developments •Extend range of generic database access •Ports to new architectures •Macro expansions for FEEL or S-FEEL •GUI extensions •CDT Callable access from other languages and applications •Cloud based compiler 42
  • 44. rapidgen.com Howard Rogers Director Technical Support howard.rogers@rapidgen.com howard.rogers@rapidgen.co.uk Decision Tables as a Programming tool
  • 45. rapidgen.com Filetab •DEcision TABle-based computer programming language. •Long history originating in late 1960s •Developed by the UK National Computing Centre (NCC) •Originally used on ICL OS such as GEORGE 2/3 and VME, •Ported to a large number of others. 45
  • 46. rapidgen.com Filetab •Original architect - Tom Barnard, who developed the program (LITA - LIst and TAbulate) for Morgan Crucible on an ICL 1902 from 1965–1968. Original purpose was to produce simple ad hoc reports with a plugboard on a punched card tabulator, replaced PLAN assembly language. •80 column card based parameters •Reporting tool specifying input and output formats, headings, sequencing and totalling. 46
  • 47. rapidgen.com RapidGen Solutions RapidGen solves tough integration problems for OpenVMS customers • A variety of flexible options available –Analyse and provide ‘Customised Solutions’ –Future Proofing options with RapidGen • In-depth Legacy expertise • Services + Software –OpenVMS to Linux Migration Routines •Databases and Porting •Data Structures migration 47
  • 48. rapidgen.com What Customers Tell Us Want to preserve, modernize or replace • Total cost of ownership • Risk, flexibility …but difficult • Bespoke or end-of-life applications • Custom interfaces issues • Skills shortage becoming more evident • Application Changes not permitted –E.g. Aerospace, Defence, Nuclear, Utilities 48
  • 49. rapidgen.com Customers Want Flexibility They Need Options Choices 1.Update OpenVMS –Until end of 2015 2.Modernise –Translate data –Translate logic –Redefine logic in 4GL –Redevelop –Seamless Transition 3.Emulation Options –Reduce Operating Costs –Suitable for some Want •Proceed in stages –Reduces risk •Integration –Legacy ↔ Modern •Portability –Future-proof •Cost-effective Solutions 49
  • 50. rapidgen.com HP Forward-looking statements Published Jan 2014 This is a rolling (up to three year) roadmap and is subject to change without notice. 50
  • 52. rapidgen.com Example of HANA parameter DT QUANTITY ORDER_AMOUNT DISCOUNT <=2000 >10000 10 <=10000 5 >2000 >10000 15 <=10000 10 52
  • 53. rapidgen.com Example of HANA Database DT MANUFACTURER MODEL_CLASS QUANTITY DISCOUNT Sprongal Handset >5 25 <=5 10 Notebook >5 15 <=5 10 Pruckman Tablet >5 15 <=5 8 Range Extender >5 10 <=5 5 53
  • 55. rapidgen.com Genius Supported Platforms 55 Operating System Platforms Min. Version OpenVMS VAX 5.6 OpenVMS Alpha 6.1 OpenVMS Integrity / Itanium * Tru64 Alpha 4.0 HP-UX HP PA 9.x Windows Intel/AMD 32/64 2000 Linux •Red Hat, Debian, SUSE, Ubuntu, Fedora, Knoppix, Gentoo etc Intel/AMD 32/64 2.6.18 kernel
  • 56. rapidgen.com Genius Supported File Types & Databases 56 OpenVMS Tru64 Windows Linux RMS Indexed ✔ via TCP/IP via TCP/IP ISAM ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ Oracle RDB •via DSRI ✔ Oracle •via OCI ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ DBMS-32 •Codasyl ✔ Generic ODBC •SQL Server •MySQL •PostgreSQL •…others on request ✔ ✔ Ingres •Low-level API ✔ ✔ ✔
  • 57. rapidgen.com • Howard Rogers • Jolyon Cox QUESTIONS
  • 58. rapidgen.com Howard Rogers howard.rogers@rapidgen.com Tel: +44 (0) 1732 850081 Mob: +44 (0) 7734 962855 Providing Solutions and Options For OpenVMS Customers RapidGen Offices Info@RapidGen.com Tel: +44 (0) 207 630 9291
  • 59. rapidgen.com About RapidGen •Integrating and modernizing legacy IT systems for over 30 years •Specialise in OpenVMS and Tru64 •Software is Powered by the ‘Genius’ Suite •Our USP Unique Selling Point – Decision Tables = –Rapid Development Turnaround –Providing Cost Effective Solutions –Applications Future Proofing 59