1. Deep listening involves understanding people's mental models or underlying assumptions that influence how they view the world. 2. Mental models are deeply held beliefs and generalizations that shape our thinking in mostly unconscious ways. 3. Different types of conversations exist including downloading information, debating opposing views, and reflective dialogue aimed at inquiry. 4. Effective listening requires an open mind, open heart, and open will to connect to an emerging future rather than reconfirming past views.