Delhi sultanate style ppt
- 1. DELHI SULTANATE STYLE PRESENTED TO AR.KAJAL GARG PRESENTED BY RUSHALI VIKAS AKANSHA
- 2. In sultanate style we studied about the islamic dynasties that ruled from delhi which are :- THE SLAVE (1191-1246) THE KHILJI (1290-1320) THE TUGHLAQ (1320-1413) THE SAYYID (1414-1444) THE LODHI (1451-1557) The delhi or the imperial style of indo islamic architecture flourished between (1191-1557AD) and covered musluim dynasties. INTRODUCTION
- 3. Slave dynasty, (1206–90), line of sultans at Delhi, India. He lasted for nearly a century. Their family name was Muiʿzzī. The Slave dynasty was founded by Quṭb al-Dīn Aibak, a favourite. Slave of the Muslim general and later sultan Muḥammad of Ghūr. THE SLAVE OR MAMLUK DYNASTY (1191-1246) MONUMENTS BUILT UNDER THIS DYNASTY: • QUTUB MOSQUE,DELHI 1195 CE. • QUTUB MINAR,DELHI 1200 CE.
- 4. QUWWAT-UL-ISLAM MOSQUE • Quwwat-ul-Islam Mosque, to the north-east of minar was built by Qutbud-Din Aibak in AD 1198. • It is the earliest extant mosque built by the Delhi Sultans. • It consists of a rectangular courtyard enclosed by cloisters, erected with the carved columns and architectural members of 27Hindu and Jains temples which were demolished by Qutbud-Din Aibak as recorded in his inscription on the main eastern entrance.
- 5. • Plan of quwwat ul islam mosque
- 7. Qutb-Minar in red and buff standstone is the highest stone tower in India. It has a diameter of 14.32m at the base and about 2.75m on the top with a height of 72.5m. Qutbud-Din Aibak laid the foundation of Minar in AD 1199 for the use of the muazzin (crier) to give calls for prayer and raised the first storey, to which were added three more storeys by his successor and son-in- law, Shamsud- Din Iltutmish (AD 1211-36) Base – 14.1m Top -2.7m QUTUB MINAR
- 8. Staircase- 360 steps Each storey has a different pattern in plan. All the storey are surrounded by a projected number of balcony encircling the minar. The tower is entired from the gateway on the north side which opens out into a spiral staircase.
- 9. Qutub minar Quwwat ul islam masjid Screen Iron pillar Ittumish tomb Alai darwaza Alai minar Imam zamins tomb Allaudin’s tomb and madarsah. Qutub complex consist of :
- 10. View of qutub complex
- 11. Firoz jallal-ud-din khalji (1290) ascended the throne of delhi at the age of 70. The Khilji or Khalji was a Muslim dynasty of Turkic origin which ruled large parts of South Asia between 1290 and 1320. MONUMENT UNDER KHILJI DYNASTY ALAI DARWAZA KHILJI DYNASTY
- 12. Alai Darwaza at Qutb complex (Darwaza near the Qutub Minar which served as an entrance gateway to the mosque at the Qutub complex). Indian carver effortlessly carved Quranic inscriptional Alai Darwaza bands. It is the southern gateway of the Quwwat-ul- Islam mosque. of Islamic architecture in India. It was built by Alla-ud-din Khilji in 1311. ALAI DARWAZA
- 14. • Dome – 34ft (10.3m). • Squinches constructed of true arches. • The arch to the north is semicircular while the others are of pointed horse shoe shape. • Jaali – sensible architectural device (illumination and ventilation). • Star and hexagon jaalis – create intricate and complex pattern. • Blend of red sandstone and white marble as facing materials
- 15. A ruined fort in Delhi, stretching across 6.5 km, built by Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq in 1321. Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq (1320-1325 AD) built Tughlaqabad, the third city of Delhi, in 1321-23 ADd. Tughlad dynasty was in power at delhi for 100 years. TUGHLAQ DYNASTY(1320- 1413)
- 16. Ghiyas-ud-din Tughlaq was the founder of the dynasty and he built the city of Tughlaqabad. He was concentrated on the creation of the 3rd city of Delhi known as TUGHLAQABAD. It is however the 1st of those complexes combining a city, fort and a palace. It was formed of sun dried bricks. GHIYAS-UD DIN TUGHLAQ
- 17. The Tomb of Ghiyasuddin Tughlaq, built of red sandstone, is an irregular pentagon in its exterior plan. Walls made an angle of 75degree with ground. Square tomb – 61 ft side Height – 80 ft Arch and lintel construction – mixed attitude of the hindu builders to arched and lintel and beam method. TOMB OF GHIYAS-UD DIN TUGHLAQ
- 18. • True arch + redundant stone lintel installed just below the springing of the arch. • Rubble masonry is used to make up the shape of the structure, with huge sandstone blocks. • Tughlaqabad is divided into three parts : 1. a palace section 2. a citadel and 3. a residential city. • Moving east from the main entrance to the fort brings one to the citadel.
- 19. Built by Feroz Shah Tughluq in 1354. 800 m X 400m. Feroz Shah Kotla was the grand and royal citadel of the city. Three tiered structureEvery platform is set back fromthe preceding one to createterraces in front of a series. The walls of the citadel are as high as 15 metres high and have a slight slope on the outside. His construction works were of a unique simple style characterised by the use of inexpensive materials. The entrance has a huge iron gate with a board that bears the name of Feroz Shah Kotla. CITY OF FIROZ SHAH KOTLA
- 20. View of city of firoz shah kotla
- 21. In the 14th century under the Timurid rulers, Islamic architecture underwent a change. The narrow horseshoe arch was replaced by the true arch, an idea imported directly from Persia. They began using wooden beams as supports, and eventually the four- centred arch minus the beam support. During the Sayyid and the Lodi Dynasties, more than fifty tombs of different sizes were constructed. SAYYID DYNASTY
- 22. This beautiful octagonal maqbara (tomb) of Muhammad Shah Sayyid is located near the south-west corner of the Lodi Garden. The tomb was built in 1444 for the third Sayyid sultan Muhammad Shah. It has a fuller dome on a raised seat surrounded by chhatris. Each of the octagonal side has a three-arch opening, bordered by inclined columns at each corner. This is arguably the best example of Sayyid monuments. The tomb is beautifully ornamented and some of the orginal coloured plaster-work is still visible. TOMB OF MUHAMMD SHAH SAYYID
- 23. TOMB OF MUBARAK SAYYID
- 24. Built with an octagonal plan, enclosed in an octagonal compound with gates. But, at present, only the south and west gates exist while the compound walls have disappeared. Southern entrance opens into the octagonal hall, which has arched openings on three sides, except in the west, which has the Mihrab, in the prayer direction. Enlargement and refinement of the proportions of Tughlaq prototype. A verandah, with three entrances, encloses the hall. The hall and the verandah are provided with supporting sloping buttresses at the corners. The overall effect of the tomb is of a pyramidal appearance. TOMB OF MUBARAK SAYYID
- 25. Chattris (kiosks) in octagonal shape adorn the roof on each side. Considered as a typical example of octagonal Sayyid tombs. The overall effect of the tomb is of a pyramidal appearance.
- 26. The Lodhi is introduced the concept of double domes built one upon the other, leaving some space in between. Two different types of tombs with octagonal and square plans respectively began to be constructed. LODHI DYNASTY(1451-1557)
- 27. A copy of tomb of Mubarak Sayyid, the kiosks being removed and replaced by semi – minarets called Gulsastas attached the base. Placement of tomb within a garden, Lodi Gardens in New Delhi – a formal and elaborate arrangement along with impressive gateways. A large wall enclosure surrounds the tomb of which the western wall serves the purpose of a mosque. There are no chattris around the dome. The dome is double dome. At the top of the dome there is a lotus instead of small chhatris. TOMB OF SIKANDER LODHI (1518)AD
- 29. Bara Gumbad Gumbad Mosque, with three domes Mosque and five arched openings. The interior of the mosque is heavily decorated with florals, geometric designs and holy inscriptions. The hall in front of the mosque served as a guest house. There are remains of a water tank in the courtyard. BARA GUMBAD MOSQUE