Design of IOT Garbage Monitoring with Weight Sensing

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 05 | May 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 1803
Design of IOT Garbage Monitoring with Weight Sensing
Mohit Therey, Prachi Adhau, Yash Shrungare1, Prof.K.S.Belsare2
1Student, Dept of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, PRMIT&R, Badnera
2Professor, Dept of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, PRMIT&R, Badnera
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ABSTRACT:
To manage the garbage efficiently has been always
an ongoing task which needs laborious efforts of individuals
engaged on ground level emptying the rubbish bins
whenever they're full. The event of garbage bin getting full
isn't strictly obsessed to a time pattern, instead it sometimes
becomes rapidly full or sometimesrequiresovernormaltime
to become full. This method monitors the rubbish bins and
informs about the number of garbage collected within the
rubbish bins via an online page. For this the system uses
ultrasonic sensors placed over the bins to detect the rubbish
level and compare it with the rubbish bins depth.
additionally, weevenhaveweightsensorsattachedbelowthe
rubbish bins. Thus, the system sends overthenetthenumber
of fill of the rubbish bins further because theburdenofthefill
of the rubbish bins. The advantage of this combo sensing is
that the rubbish bin lifting weight also can be known by the
authorities. If the rubbish bin isn't filled up, but still the
burden of fill has reached the limit of what the rubbish lifting
vehicles can obtain, the vehicles could even be immediately
driven towards that bin for evacuation. The system makes
use of node microcontroller unit, LCD screen, Wi-fi modem
for sending data.
1. INTRODUCTION:
Wastemanagementproblemisanactualproblemfor
the Indian cities and throughout the planet. In every city
there are special organizations and firms engaged within the
collection and removal of waste within the special refusal
places. All such companies manage waste disposal
management in line with the schedule or on demand of the
purchasers. However, there are situations when the rubbish
collection truck (GCT) arrives but garbage containers are
half-filled; at the identical time the GCT doesn't arrive to the
important full garbage container. this is often because of the
actual fact that manager doesn't take into consideration the
container fullness. because the population in our country is
increasing day by day, a lot of trash are generated. Improper
management of waste affects quality lifetime of the citizens.
Thus, waste management is a vital issue to be considered.
1.1 Existing System:
In the existing system,ifthebinisempty,therubbish
is collected on the daily regular basis by the municipal staff.
As we see several times within the public places the rubbish
bins are full thanks to the regular rise within the waste. due
to this, the rubbish is shrinking and producing the bad odor
that tends to cause pollution and spread disease. that may
cause the damage to human health. Finding garbage bin
location is additionally one amongst the tasks especially for
brand spanking new driver. GPS facility had been introduced
to search out the situation and clean the dustbins to beat the
aforementioned problem. Disadvantages of the prevailing
systems is i) It requires more human resource to run the
system. ii) The system is completely manual. iii) High costs.
iv) It spreads bad smell and should cause illness to groups of
people. v) Unhygienic Environment and appearance of the
town.
1.2 Proposed System:
The system proposed focuses on the method of
waste collection. It reduces the consumption of your time,
and is an automatic process. The bin 's status is continuously
monitored, and also the notification is distributed via the
android application to the designated authority. the benefits
of the proposed systems are i) Real time information of the
dustbins. ii) Intelligentservicemanagement.iii)Improvesthe
standard of the environment. iv) Cost management and also
the improvement of the capital.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY:
In the paper title “Smart Dustbin-An Efficient
Garbage Monitoring System,” [1] have proposed an idea of
between the existing dustbins and their population. This
study and first part and the distribution of dustbins in some
areas were taken palace of Dhaka city using averaging
function and then the nearest neighbour functions of GIS.
Remarkably, the procedure of the dustbinsusedtodayisone
of the concerns that is concentrated on the smart dustbin.
The insufficient of theexistingdustbins will havethenumber
of numbers which will be calculatedinit.Ithasmeasuredthe
extent of pollution which is caused by the existing dustbins
was also one of the levels of the research part.Itisfoundthat
the dustbins are burnt with wastes and has disturb and has
cause pollution to the environment.
In the paper titled "IoT Based Waste Management for Smart
City" [2], it is being proposed in the paper that has the
introduction and the combination of the integrated system
combined with an RFI, IGPS, GPRS, GIS and web camera
which will solve the problem of waste They will help us to
analysed the actual performance of the system. To the study
of the paper we determine that the characterization of the

waste and the current system of management activities. The
paper gives us the highlights anda overviewofthemunicipal
solid waste management (MSWM) system of Municipality
and it concludes with a few suggestions, which may be
beneficial to the authorities to work towards further
improvement of the current management system.
In the paper titled "Pawar2International Journal of
Engineering and Computer Science " [3] is being proposed
system in that novel prototype of solid wastebinmonitoring
system using network. The architecture will use Zigbee and
GSM (global service module) it has the communication
technology as well and a set of chosensensorsit will monitor
the status of garbage bins in real time. The paper is divided
into three parts lower tier, middle tier, upper tier. The low
tier will have the sensor installed into the garbage bins, the
middle tier will have the collection and then it that will give
the information to the control station. In the upper tier we
will store the data for future use. An algorithm of an energy
is used in the first-tier operation to collect the bin level.
In the paper “A Survey on Smart Garbage Management in
Cities using IoT” [4] has proposed a dustbin which is
interfaced with a microcontroller system in which we will
having wireless systems along with central system showing
the updated status of garbage, on web browser with html
page by Wi-Fi Module. Hence the status will be updated on
the html page. we have to reduce human efforts along with
the enhancement of a smart city vision. Considering the
modern technology, then we havea smartgarbage bincan be
costing but considering the amount of dustbin we all need in
India, so there for then we have used sensors to reduce the
cost and make it efficient in applications. And they usedonly
a Wi-Fi module to send and receive data. But the
consideration of weight sensor will have the detection of
garbage level which was there in the dustbin. It will only
detect the weight of the waste. The message can be sent
directly to the cleaning vehicle instead of the contractor's
office.
In the paper title “Garbage Monitoring System for Smart
Cities,” [5] proposed a model for whichthereisthecollection
of garbage in real time. There is a network whichestablished
using the sensors, which are placed into the garbage bin and
have set at a level. Sensors will send a signal to the nearest
vehicle driver if the level of garbage is crossed to empty the
bin and hence the bin gets updated from time to time. Fig. 3
shows the Architectural Diagram,whichconsistsmajorthree
modules; Sensor Module, in which sensors are used to sense
the garbage levels once and connected to the Arduinoboard,
Communication Module, in which Bluetooth is used for
communication between the sensors and Arduino Uno
board, and last module isAnalysisandMonitoringModule,in
which collected is sent to the admin for analysis.
In the paper title “MATEC Web of Conferences 97, 01098,”
[6], the level of the garbage in each bin is measured by using
the sensor. The information of the sensor is then received
and processed by the Arduino Board. It will determine
whether the garbage level hasbeenreachedtothethreshold.
For the research part, two marks have been made as a
reference. The first is at the 70% and the second is at 90 %of
the total bin height. If the garbage level in the bin is crossing
the first reference level, then the first warning message is
generated and sent to the municipality. Besides, the green
LEDs responds to alert all the residents at every floor. Next,
if the garbage level in the bin is crossing the second
reference level, then the second warning message is
generated and sent to the municipality. In that case, all the
people will be alert when the red LEDs are at the high at
their data pins.
In paper title “Multipurpose Garbage Monitoring System
Using IoT” [7] which paper have consideration of waste
management issues been solved by smart bin, interface of
GSM and ultrasonic sensor with the help of microcontroller-
based Arduino people get best solution to management of
waste this is replacement of traditional dust bin into smart
bin one. ARM 7 have been used for controlling Zigbee and
global communication,itgivestheindicationandsending the
message using GSM. Sensors are placed in the bin. This bin
made and wireless sensor node attached to dustbinsendthe
signal to road side unit real time show status of the bin.
Other same signal from RSU reaches the Garbage Collecting
Vehicle (GCV) which arrives the particular place to collect
garbage. Many technologies use to recyclingthegarbage. For
unhygienic condition people face more problems regarding
to health Such situation is control by providing unique ID to
garbage bin and identify ID number is givento eachcanifbin
is fill then send SMS to the server. In this paper uses
microcontroller ATMEGA 16 and certain sensors like PIR
sensor, Hall Effect sensor, solar sensor, and LDR sensor.
These sensors are connected to microcontroller through an
interfacing circuit and an amplifier. Theoutputcouldviewin
LCD display, sensor is sense the light and presence sensor
sense car or human so light turn on. This paper is based on
efficient of automatic street lighting system based on low-
cost microcontroller controlling LED based on street
automatically lighting levels control and light sensor, rain
sensor, laser sensor and a set of the light emitting diode
(LED) have been used brightness in of light will be directly
proportional to number of traffic light Operate like ON or
OFF accordingly during night and heavy raining or bad
weather.
In Hiransahi Akminand [8] we are using two ultrasonic
sensors which sense the level of garbage bin and two gas
sensors which detect the harmful gases in the air. This
sensors are connected to the AVR family microcontroller
which is interfaced with LCD display which shows thestatus
of bins. We also used Wi-Fi module which is usedtotransmit
data for webpage applications. We are using one buzzer
which gives beep whenever any dustbin is full. The whole
system is powered by 12V transformer. Here, we are
indicating Four levels Low, Medium, High and Full by using
Embedded C programming. In first case when both the

dustbins are empty webpage and LCD will displayLowlevel.
Then according to the different levels of garbage it will show
Medium, High or Full level on LCD as well as webpage.When
any of the dustbin is full it gives beep and when both the
dustbins are full it gives loud beep. Along with this the web
page and LCD will display the level of harmful gases in the
surrounding. In this way Authority can collect the garbage
whenever dustbin is full.
In paper titled “Bio-hydrogen, bio-methane, bioelectricityas
crucial components of biorefinery of organic waste” [9], the
aim of the work was to critically assess selected bioenergy
alternatives from organic solid waste, such as biohydrogen
and bioelectricity, to evaluate their relative advantages and
disadvantages in the context of biorefineries, and ﬁnally to
indicate the trends for future research and development.
Biorefining is the sustainable processing of biomass into
spectrum products viz. energy, materials, chemicals, food
and feed. Series systems show a better efficiency than one-
stage process regarding substrate conversion to the
hydrogen and bioenergy. The dark fermentation also
produces fermented by-products (fatty acids and solvents),
so there is an opportunity for further combining with other
processes that yield more bio energy. Photo heterotrophic
fermentation is one of them: photosynthetic heterotrophs,
such as non-Sulphur purple bacteria, can thrive on the
simple organic substances produced in dark fermentation
and light, to give more H2. Effluents from photo
heterotrophic fermentation and digestives canbeprocessed
in microbial fuel cells for bioelectricity production and
methanogenic digestion for methane generation, thus
integrating a diverse block of bioenergies.Several digestates
from bio energies could be used for bio products generation,
such as cellulolytic enzymes and saccharification processes,
leading to ethanol fermentation (another bioenergy), thus
completing the inverse cascade. Finally, biohydrogen and
similar products came up to contribute intheimprovements
for solid organic waste management worldwide.
In paper titled, “Municipal Solid Waste Characterization and
quantification as a measure towards effective waste
management” [10] the aim of the study was to generate a
comprehensive data at the regional andnational level for use
in planning and implementation of relevant waste
management activities in Ghana. The study will also assess
how well households in three different socioeconomicareas
are able to separate their wastes into organic and non-
organic wastes labelledonthebinsasbiodegradables,except
papers (food waste, yard waste, wood and manure) and
other wastes (paper, plastics, metals, textiles, rubber and
leather and any other waste). Sorting and separation of
waste using a one-way separation system which basically
sorted into ‘biodegradable (except papers)’ and all ‘other
wastes’ was tested in this study and the outcome averaged
for each study area. From the questionnaire plastics, metals,
textiles, rubber and leather and any other waste). Sorting
and separation of waste using a one-way separation system
which basically sorted into ‘biodegradable (except papers)’
and all ‘other wastes’ was tested in this study and the
outcome averaged for each study area. From the
questionnaire administration results, out of 1000
respondents from all the study areas, 924 (92.4%) we’re
willing to separate their waste while 4.8% were unwilling
and 2.3% did not respond. The reason for their willingness
to separate waste was because it had the potential for a
cleaner environment, it was a good waste management
practice and good for recycling but for those not willing to
separate waste it was because there was no motivationto do
it. Sorting and separation into the correctbinswereeffective
in most of the areas as it averaged above 80% for the
“biodegradables except paper waste” and above75%forthe
“other waste”. In the municipality however all the sorting
and separation were below 60%. A nationwide average of
84% was obtained for separation into the biodegradable
waste bin/bag and 76% for the other waste bin/bag. The
high separation efficiency is an indication that the one-way
separation system employed was convenient for the
participating households. Thissimplesortingandseparation
system could be recommended for communities learning to
separate waste. It is therefore imperative for the MMDAs or
city authorities or planners to start rolling out a source
sorting process in the various cities. The organic fraction in
the waste was the highest in the waste stream and ranged
from 48% to 69%.
3. HARDWARE:
Node MCU, Ultrasonic Sensor, Load Cell, HX711
(Amplifier Module), I2C module, Liquid Crystal Display (LCD).
3.1 Node MCU:
The ESP3286 Wi-Fi Module could be a self-
contained SOC with built-in TCP / IP protocol stack which
will provide connectivity to your Wi-Fi network to any
microcontroller. The ESP3286 will host an application or
discharge all Wi-Fi networking functions from another
device processor. The ESP3286 Wi-Fi module may be a low-
cost component with which manufacturers make module
microcontroller wirelessly networkable. Wi-Fi module ESP
3286 could be a system-on-a-chip with 2.4GHz range
capabilities. It running at 80MHz, uses a RISC CPU of 32
bit. it's supported the TCP / IP (Transfer control protocol).
this can be the foremost critical component within the
system because it conducts the IOT operation. it's ROM
booting 64 kb, RAM instruction 64 kb, RAMdata 96kb.Wi-Fi
device performs IOT operation by sending data from an
energy meter to an internet site that may be accessed via IP
address.
3.2 Ultrasonic Sensor:
Ultrasonic sensor HC-SR04 uses sonar to live distance to an
item. This provides excellent non- contact range detection

with high precision and a straightforward to use kit with
reliable readings. Itcamewithcompletereceiverandmodule
ultrasonic transmitter. The time between the signal being
transmitted and received allows us to understand the gap of
an object.
3.3 Load Cell:
A load cell is defined as a "weight measuring system
needed for electronic scales that display weights in Figure
its." However, load cell is not limited to weight measurement
in electronic scales. Load cell is a passive transducer or
sensor translating the force exerted into electrical signals.
They are also called "load transducers". The only load cells
that predominate, however, are the load cells basedonstrain
gages. The reason why strain gage-based load cells are
broadly adopted is their characteristics: - Small size
compared to other load-cell types. Long operating life due to
lack of moving parts or other friction-causing components.
Ease in production due to small number of components.
3.4 HX711 (Amplifier Module):
HX711 module could even be a Load Cell Amplifier
breakout board for the HX711 IC that enables you to simply
read load cells to live weight. This module used Twenty Four
high precision A/D converter chip HX711. it's a specially
designed for the high precision electronic scale design, with
two analog input channels, the inner integrationof128times
the programmable gain amplifier.
3.5 I2C Module:
I2C Module has an inbuilt PCF8574 I2C chip that
converts I2C serial data to parallel data for the LCD display.
These modules are currently supplied with a default I2C
address of either 0x27 or 0x3F. To determine which version,
you have checked the black I2C adaptor board on the
underside of the module.
3.6 Liquid Crystal Display (LCD):
The word LCD stands for liquid display. it's one kind of
electronic display module employed in a large range of
applications like various circuits & devices like cell phones,
calculators, computers, television sets, etc. Such displays are
chosen for light-emitting diodes and 7 segments in multi-
segment configurations. the most benefits of using this
module are inexpensive; simply programmable, animations,
and also the display of custom characters, special and even
animations, etc., isn't limited. A 16 LCD has two registers just
like the register of knowledge and therefore the register of
commands. The RS (register select) is primarily accustomed
switch between registers. When the set of the register is '0'
it's referred to as the register of commands. Similarly, it's
called the info register when the register set is '1.'
4. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM:
Fig. Proposed Circuit Diagram
5. BLOCK DIAGRAM:
Block Diagram which will indicate the actual flow of
the proposed system to obtain the appropriate result.
Fig. Proposed Block Diagram
6. FLOW CHART:
Flow chart which will indicate the actual flow of the
proposed system to obtain the appropriate result.

Fig. Proposed Flow Chart
7. PROCEDURE:
The system uses ultrasonic sensors placed over the
bins to detect the rubbish level and compare it with the
rubbish binslevel. The system makes use of NodeMCU,Load
cell, LCD screen, Wi-Fi modem for sending data. The LCD
screen is employed to displaythe status of the burden within
the bins. Then system startsmonitoringalltherubbishlevels.
Also, for better performance the WIFI connection is
established over and yet again for every time of garbage
monitoring. All the monitoring data is distributed over the
mobile handset in order that the person concerned or the
municipal officer can see the amount of the rubbish from
anywhere.
8. RESULT:
1. When weswitch on systemthesystemgivesnotificationon
our mobile handset.
Fig. Result 1
2. When the garbage bin is filled or goes to its threshold level
it gives notification like “your garbage bin is full”.
Fig. Result 2
3. And it also shows on our App that how much garbage bin
is filled.
4. Thissystem also gives the weight of thedustbinonourApp
and proposed observation table.
Fig. Application Interface

5. Bin 2 is just for reference. If in case we have to use 2nd bin
then app shows value of that bin also.
Fig. Actual System
Fig. Actual System
8.1 Observation Table:
Condition
of Bins
Bin 1
Weight (g)
Bin 2
Weight (g)
Bin 1 Level
(cm)
Bin 2 Level
(cm)
When the
bin is empty
0.000 0.000 32 30
When the
bin is half
full
0.118 0.082 17 16
When the
bin is full
0.428 0.121 7 5
9. CONCLUSION:
This project work is implementing a wise garbage
management system using Ultrasonic Sensor,WeightSensor,
Nodemcu and Wi-Fi. this method ensures dustbins are going
to be cleaned soon when the extent of garbage reaches its
maximum. If the dustbin isn't cleaned in an exceedingly
reasonable period, the record shall besubmittedtotheupper
authority which can take appropriate action against the
contractor concerned. This programalsohelpstrackthefalse
reports and thus can eliminate corruption within the overall
system of management. This reduces the entire number of
trash collection vehicle trips and thus reduces the general
costs related to the rubbish collection. In the end, it helps to
preserve cleanliness in society. The smart garbage
management system therefore allows collection of the
rubbish more efficient.
10. REFERENCES:
[1] Monika K A, Nikitha Rao, Prapulla S B, “Smart
Dustbin-An Efficient Garbage Monitoring System,” Shobha
International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research,
vol 6, Issue 9, 2015,pp787-789.
[2] Parkash, Prabu, " IoT Based Waste Management for
Smart City," (An ISO 3297: 2007 CertifiedOrganization),Vol.
4 Issue 2 February 2016.
[3] Pranjal Lokhande,M.D.Pawar,"Pawar2International
Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science," ISSN: 2319-
7242, Volume 5 Issue 11 Nov. 2016, Page No. 18800-18805.
[4] Ruhin Mary Saji, Drishya Gopakumar,HarishKumar
S , K N Mohammed Sayed,Lakshmi S“A Survey on Smart
Garbage Management in Cities using IoT” s5 International
Journal Of Engineering And Computer Science ISSN: 2319-
7242 Volume 5 Issue 11 Nov. 2016, Page No. 18749-18754
[5] Lilyan Anthony, Pradnya Chavan , Astrid Ferreira,
Prerana Gadhave,Archana Shirke, “Garbage Monitoring
System for Smart Cities,” International Journal of Advanced
Technology in Engineering and Science, April 2017, Vol.
No.5, Issue No.04,
[6] Norfadzlia Mohd Yusof, Aiman Zakwan Jidin , and
Muhammad Izzat Rahim, “MATEC Web of Conferences 97,
01098,” Faculty of Engineering Technology, Universiti
Teknikal Malaysia matecconf/20179701098 ETIC 2016
[7] Varun Thirapati,A Review: Multipurpose Garbage
MonitoringSystemUsingIoT International Journal onRecent
and Innovation Trends in Computing and Communication
ISSN: 2321-8169 Volume: 5 Issue: 2 252 – 255 252 IJRITCC |
February 2017, Available
[8] Ms. Puja k. Dhotre1 , Ms. A. L. Borker “A Review on
Smart Garbage Monitoring System Using Internet of Things
(IOTs)” September 2017 ISBN:978-93-86171-66-5.
[9] Poggi-Varaldo HM, Munoz-Paez KM, Escamilla-
Alvarado C, “Bio- hydrogen,bio-methane,bioelectricity as
crucial components of biorefinary of organic waste” Apr
17,2014 32(5):353-65. doi: 10.1177/0734242X14529178
[10] Kodwo Miezah, Kwasi Obiri-Danso, Zsófia Kádár,
“Muncipal SolidWasteCharacterizationandquantificationas
a measure towards effective waste management” December
2015, Volume 46,
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wasman.2015.09.009.

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