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DESIGN PRINCIPLES 
FOR ARCADE GAMES 
My five tips on what makes a good arcade game 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
WHAT IS AN ARCADE GAME? 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
ARCADE GAMES 
● Action games in the style of coin-op 
arcade games 
● Frantic, addictive gameplay 
● Focus on the player's reflexes 
○ Hand-to-Eye coordination 
● Little to none complex thinking or 
strategy required 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 
http://flyers.arcade-museum.com/?page=thumbs&db=videodb&id=2065
1. EASY TO START PLAYING 
and easy to learn without help 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
SIMPLE MECHANICS 
● Focus on a single core gameplay element 
○ “Collect everything to clear a level” 
○ “Reach the goal without getting hit” 
○ “Eliminate all the targets” 
● Simple controls make it easy to start playing 
○ Directional control (+ 1-2 buttons) 
○ Single touch or swiping 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
2. HARD TO MASTER 
but with time, you’ll get there 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
GROWING SKILL 
● Right amount of challenge 
○ Low learning curve for the basic gameplay 
● Focus on mastering the basics rather than learning 
constantly something new 
○ High reward for deeper understanding of the 
game and the mechanics 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
3. ONCE YOU PICK IT UP 
it’s hard to let go 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
ADDICTIVE GAMEPLAY 
● Every session should be worth the time 
○ High replayability from the very beginning 
● Repetitive gameplay doesn’t mean boring gameplay 
○ Highly variable levels and challenges 
● Skilled players should be able to anticipate the results 
○ Thin line between random and unpredictable 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
4. CHALLENGE YOURSELF 
and challenge others while you’re at it 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
COMPETITIVE ATMOSPHERE 
● More about getting better at the game, rather than 
about an interesting story 
● Compare your progress and aim to the top 
○ High Scores and Leaderboards 
● Speed Runs and World Records 
○ YouTube-videos showcasing high skill level 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
5. SENSE OF ACHIEVEMENT 
and the feeling of besting oneself 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
REWARDING EXPERIENCE 
● Mastering your skills is a reward in itself 
○ Higher scores, staying alive longer etc 
● The feeling of getting better at the game 
● Achieving things that beginners hardly achieve 
○ “Perfect” play 
○ Self-imposed challenges 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
MODERN DAY EXAMPLES 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
SIXTY 
SECOND 
SHOOTER 
PRIME 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEfNsUw7nCI
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 
PEGGLE 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AImmEv_N4SI
FRUIT 
NINJA 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4uQt-l75bc 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 
FLAPPY 
BIRD 
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIJdLpAO7j8
CONCLUSION 
1. Simple mechanics 
2. Growing skill 
3. Addictive gameplay 
4. Competitive atmosphere 
5. Rewarding experience 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
Zaibatsu.fi 
ZaibatsuInc 
ZaibatsuInc 
Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014

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Design Principles For Arcade Games

  • 1. DESIGN PRINCIPLES FOR ARCADE GAMES My five tips on what makes a good arcade game Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 2. WHAT IS AN ARCADE GAME? Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 3. ARCADE GAMES ● Action games in the style of coin-op arcade games ● Frantic, addictive gameplay ● Focus on the player's reflexes ○ Hand-to-Eye coordination ● Little to none complex thinking or strategy required Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 http://flyers.arcade-museum.com/?page=thumbs&db=videodb&id=2065
  • 4. 1. EASY TO START PLAYING and easy to learn without help Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 5. SIMPLE MECHANICS ● Focus on a single core gameplay element ○ “Collect everything to clear a level” ○ “Reach the goal without getting hit” ○ “Eliminate all the targets” ● Simple controls make it easy to start playing ○ Directional control (+ 1-2 buttons) ○ Single touch or swiping Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 6. 2. HARD TO MASTER but with time, you’ll get there Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 7. GROWING SKILL ● Right amount of challenge ○ Low learning curve for the basic gameplay ● Focus on mastering the basics rather than learning constantly something new ○ High reward for deeper understanding of the game and the mechanics Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 8. 3. ONCE YOU PICK IT UP it’s hard to let go Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 9. ADDICTIVE GAMEPLAY ● Every session should be worth the time ○ High replayability from the very beginning ● Repetitive gameplay doesn’t mean boring gameplay ○ Highly variable levels and challenges ● Skilled players should be able to anticipate the results ○ Thin line between random and unpredictable Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 10. 4. CHALLENGE YOURSELF and challenge others while you’re at it Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 11. COMPETITIVE ATMOSPHERE ● More about getting better at the game, rather than about an interesting story ● Compare your progress and aim to the top ○ High Scores and Leaderboards ● Speed Runs and World Records ○ YouTube-videos showcasing high skill level Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 12. 5. SENSE OF ACHIEVEMENT and the feeling of besting oneself Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 13. REWARDING EXPERIENCE ● Mastering your skills is a reward in itself ○ Higher scores, staying alive longer etc ● The feeling of getting better at the game ● Achieving things that beginners hardly achieve ○ “Perfect” play ○ Self-imposed challenges Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 14. MODERN DAY EXAMPLES Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 15. SIXTY SECOND SHOOTER PRIME Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OEfNsUw7nCI
  • 16. Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 PEGGLE https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AImmEv_N4SI
  • 17. FRUIT NINJA https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K4uQt-l75bc Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 18. Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014 FLAPPY BIRD https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIJdLpAO7j8
  • 19. CONCLUSION 1. Simple mechanics 2. Growing skill 3. Addictive gameplay 4. Competitive atmosphere 5. Rewarding experience Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014
  • 20. Zaibatsu.fi ZaibatsuInc ZaibatsuInc Antti Lax | Zaibatsu Interactive Inc. © 14.10.2014