Development of occlusion

Development of OcclusionDevelopment of Occlusion
Occlusion is better defined as the dynamic
morphologic and functional relationship
between all components of masticatory
system including teeth, supporting tissues,
neuromuscular system, TMJ, and
craniofacial skeleton.
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It is a complex set of relationships involving
the CNS, masticatory muscles, TMJ, teeth and
their associated structures and a complex
neuromuscular network integrating all of these
elements.

Ideal occlusion is a theoretical concept of
ideal arrangement of teeth within dental arches
combined with an ideal interarch relationship,
which concentrates optimal esthetics, function
and stability of dentition and supporting
structures.

Graber defined occlusion as the normal relations of
the occlusal inclined planes of teeth when the jaws are
closed
Normal occlusion (or) orthodontically
referred, as angle class1 occlusion is the mesiobuccal
cusp of maxillary 1st
molar should occlude in the
mesiobuccal groove of mandibular 1st
permanent
molar.

Anterior guidance occlusion
During protrusive mandibular
excursion, contacts between maxillary incisors
and mandibular anterior teeth guide the
mandible downward to create dis-articulation of
all other teeth.
.

Canine guidance occlusion
During lateral mandibular
excursion the distolabial surface of mandibular
canine on the working side comes into contact
with the mesiolingual surface of maxillary
canine causing dis-articulation of all other teeth.

•Infra occlusion:
•The tooth is below the
occlusal plane as compared
to other teeth in the arch.
•Supra occlusion:
•The tooth is above the
occlusal plane as compared
to other teeth in the arch.

•Canine relationship (Class I)
•The cusp of the upper canine occludes half the
width of a premolar behind the lower canine,
between the tip of the canine and the tip of the
first premolar cusp in that lower arch.

•Canine relationship (Class II division I)
•Mandibular canine is in a distal relationship to the
maxillary canine by the width of a premolar
around the canines and first molars.

•Canine relationship (Class II division II)
•Mandibular canine is in a posterior position by
half the width of a premolar around the canines.

•Canine relationship (Class III)
•The lower teeth are in a mesial relationship to the
upper teeth by 3/4 of the width of a premolar in the
canine region.

INCISOR CLASSIFICATION
•CLASS I
•The mandibular incisor edges occlude with or lie
immediately below the cingulum plateau of the maxillary
central incisors.

•CLASS II
•The mandibular incisor edges lie
posterior to the cingulum plateau of
the maxillary central incisors.
•Division 1
•The maxillary central incisors are
proclined or of average inclination
and there is an increased over jet.
•Division 2
•The maxillary central incisors are
retro-clined; the over jet is
normally minimum, but may be
increased.

•CLASS III
•The mandibular incisor edges lie anterior to the
cingulum plateau of the upper central incisors; the
overjet is reduced or reversed.

Theories of Eruption
 Numerous theories have been
proposed .among these Root elongation
,Alveolar bone remodeling,P.D.L.Traction
&Vascular are important.
Bone remodeling theory supposes that
selective deposition & resorption of bone
brings about eruption.
Root growth theory supposes that
proliferating root impinges on a fixed case
thus converting an apically directed force
into occlusal movement.

Vascular pressure theory supposes that a
local increase in tissue fluid pressure in the
periapical region is sufficient to form the
tooth.
The Ligament traction theory propose that
cells & fibers of the ligament pull the tooth
into occlusion.
 Eruption is a multi factorial process in
which cause &effect are difficult to
separate….

THANK YOU.

Development of occlusion

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Development of occlusion