Devopsdays.austin.2013
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The document discusses how idle time and work-in-progress (WIP) can negatively impact workflow. It notes that loading people and resources to 100% capacity prevents flexibility for handling unpredictable events and increases wait times. Limiting WIP constraints and allowing for some slack or idle time improves flow by reducing queues and wait times. The key is finding the right balance between capacity utilization and allowing for flexibility.
Devopsdays.austin.2013
- 1. Who is the enemy -‐ us or mo/onlessness? Devopsdays Aus/n 2013 Dominica DeGrandis @dominicad
- 2. 1. The invisible cost of idle work 2. Why 100% capacity u/liza/on no worky 3. Why queues maHer 4. The effects of WIP constraints What to do? @dominicad What happens when work sits idle?
- 3. Prep Backlog VMProvisioning Doing Vms /vips/Storg/DB Requester Valida<on Checklist • Roadmap link • SRCR/Firewall • ARCH approved Priori%ze Comple<on criteria before moving to Doing • Commit date • PROD ctrl Approval Historical Cycle /me provides ability to forecast commit dates. Pink = Blocked! Handoff Support What happens when work sits idle?
- 4. Con/ngency buffers in /melines increase variability.
- 5. Longer Cycle Time Age & Decay Context switching More stuff to manage Wai/ng for specialists or dependent resources. Par/ally completed work can be very expensive.
- 6. How do we explain why slack /me is our friend?
- 7. To Do (11) Doing (24) Done Apr 23, 2013 They don’t call it a wai/ng room for nothing.
- 8. To Do (11) Doing (24) Done Apr 23, 2013 Why 100% capacity u/liza/on doesn’t work Capacity utilization is the percentage of the total possible capacity that is actually being used. Capacity utilization (%) = actual output maximum possible
- 9. To Do (11) Doing (24) Done Apr 23, 2013 Unpredictable events cause high variability and are especially vulnerable to capacity overload. Loading people and resources to 100% u/liza/on blocks them and then you have to wait for them to become available.
- 10. To Do (11) Done Apr 23, 2013 Capacity u/liza/on increases queues exponen/ally. The single most important factor that affects queue size is capacity u/liza/on. Each /me we halve the amount of excess capacity, we double the average queue size. Number of items in a Queue
- 11. Effects of WIP constraints Done ImplementArchitect Review ValidatePrep work Ongoing work Project work Interrupts done Why Queues Matter WIP limit example – no more than 1 item per person per row + 1 anywhere on the board that has a low cost of delay.
- 12. Few methods rival the CFD 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 On hold Proposed Prioritised Ready for Dev Dev Testing Ready for Release Released Implemented Attribution to Mike Burrows - @asplake Deployed, but never used
- 13. To Do (11) Ramp meters reduce accidents system-‐wide by at least 30%. Ramp meters provided a travel /mes savings of 3 to 16 minutes Done Apr 23, 2013 Effects of WIP constraints
- 14. Effects of WIP constraints Done ImplementArchitect Review ValidatePrep work Ongoing work Project work Interrupts done Effects of WIP constraints WIP limit example – no more than 1 item per person per row + 1 anywhere on the board that has a low cost of delay.
- 15. Op/ons -‐ forecast capacity for predictable work and increase capability to handle the unexpected: 1. Kill the zombie projects – limit # of projects 2. Allocate capacity for the nature of the demand 3. Allocate x% of capacity for lower priority work 4. Create aging reports to see what’s clogging pipeline 5. Find a regular cadence 6. Create policies for escala/ons 7. Increase capability of team w/ skill overlap to build resilience What to do to keep work flowing?
- 16. Design for Visibility on Specializations TestInvestigate DeliveredCommitted SysAdmin Config/Automate Network/Monitor Security DBA Jason Chris Mark John Pete Ops Board Visibility on types of demand
- 17. Reinertsen, Donald. The Principles of Product Development FLOW, Celeritas Publishing, 2009. hHp://www.reinertsenassociates.com/ hHp://blog.laughlin.com/2012/04/24/googles-‐20-‐/me-‐and-‐crea/ve-‐ freedom/ hHp://cheezburger.com/2410726144 hHp://ocvarsity.freedomblogging.com/tag/freeway-‐league-‐traffic-‐jam/ hHp://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Traffic/Conges/on/rampmeters/ hHp://benthereandback.com/?aHachment_id=268 credits
- 18. Who is the enemy -‐ us or mo/onlessness? Devopsdays Aus/n 2013 Dominica DeGrandis @dominicad