2. How many bones does our body have?
- Our body compose of 206 bones and
divided into five categories based on their
shapes.
4. Long Bones
- A long bone is one that is cylindrical in shape, being the longer than it
is wide.
- Long bones are found in the arms :
• Humerus
• Ulna
• Radius
- Long bones are found in the Legs:
• Femur
• Tibia
• Fibula
5. - As well in the fingers:
• Metacarpals, Phalanges
- And Toes:
• Metatarsals, Phalanges
- Long bones function as levers; they move when
muscles contract.
7. Short Bones
- A short bone is one that is cube-like in shape,
being approximately equal in length, width,
and thickness.
- The only short bones in the human skeleton are
in the carpals of the wrist and the tarsals of the
ankles.
- Short bones provide stability and support as
well as some limited motion.
9. Flat Bones
- A flat bone is typically thin, it is also often
curved.
- Examples include the cranial (skull) bones, the
scapulae (shoulder blades), the sternum, and
the ribs.
- Flat bones serve as points of attachment for
muscles and often protect internal organs.
11. Irregular Bones
- An irregular bone is one of that does not have
any easily characterized shape and therefore
does not fit any other classification.
- These bones tend to have more complex
shapes, like the vertebrae that support the
spinal cord and protect it from comprehensive
forces.
13. Sesamoid Bones
- A sesamoid bone is a small, round bone that, as the
name suggests, is shaped like a sesame seed.
- These bones form in tendons (the sheaths of tissue
that connect bones to muscles) where a great deal
of pressure is generated in a joint.
- The sesamoid bones protect tendons by helping them
overcome comprehensive forces.
- The Patellae (singular-patella) are the only sesamoid
bones found in common with every person.
17. Clavicle or Collarbone
- Holds the shoulder joint away
from the rest of the upper
body and is only as thick as
your little finger.
18. Scapula
- Is located on the back side
of the ribcage and helps
provide joint and movement
for the arms.
19. Vertebral Column
1. Cervical region (neck
bones)
2. Thoracic region (what the
ribs attach to)
3. Lumbar region (the lower
part of the back)
20. The skeleton is the framework
of the body, without it our
body wont be have form.
Among its functions, the
skeleton protects vital organs
such as:
- Brain
- Heart
- Lungs
21. On The Basis Of Region:
- It is divided into two types:
1. Axial Skeleton
2. Appendicular Skeleton
22. Axial Skeleton
- These bones forms
the axial skeleton of
the human body.
Ex. Bones of skull,
thoracic cage (Ribs,
Sternum and vertebral
column (Spinal
Column).
Tiny bones U shape
25. Spinal Column/Vertebral
- 26 vertebrae
- An intervertebral disk
between each vertebrae
Function:
- Spinal column protect the
spinal cord
- In vertebral Disk act as
shock absorbers between
each vertebrae
26. Ribs/Costae
- 24 ribs
- 12 pairs of ribs
- 7 pair of true ribs
- 5 pairs of false ribs
- Last two pairs are called
floating ribs.
Main function:
- To protect vital organs such
as the heart, major blood
vessels, and lungs.
27. - These bones are also
responsible for the
production or creation of
blood.
- The medical term for these
is Hematopoiesis.
28. Bones of Appendicular
Skeleton
- These bones forms the
appendicular skeleton of
the human
Ex. Shoulder girdle, arm
bones, pelvic girdle, and
leg bones.
37. 3 categories of joints
Define by how they move.
- Diarthrosis or Synovial – freely movable
- Ex. Arm and hip socket
- Amphiarthrosis – slightly movable
Ex. Vertebrae
- Synarthrosis – immovable
Ex. Are the sutures or joints of the cranium
39. 5 main functions of the skeletal system
are:
Movement:
- Skeletal system provides point of attachment for
muscles. Your legs and arm move when the muscles
pull on the bones.
Makes blood:
- Red and white blood cells are formed by tissue called
marrow, which is in the center of the bone.
40. 5 main functions of the skeletal system
are:
Support:
- Give your body shape and provide a supporting
framework.
Protection:
- Protect vital organs. Cranium protects your brain;
Thorax protects heart and lungs; Vertebral column
protects spinal cord.
41. 5 main functions of the skeletal system
are:
Storage:
- Bones store minerals, such as calcium and
phosphorus, for use by the body.
42. Bone Structure
Typical four layers:
- Periosteum: Covers bones
- Compact Bone: Lies beneath the periosteum
- Spongy bone: Lies beneath the compact bone
- Bone marrow: Fills the gaps between the spongy bone
43. Guess what these bones protect.
.1 Skull
(Brain)
2. Sternum
(Heart and Lungs)
3. Rib Cage
(Heart and Lungs)
4. Vertebral Column
(Spinal Cord)
5. Clavicle
(Nerve Bundle)
44. Guess what these bones protect.
.1 Skull
(Brain)
2. Sternum
(Heart and Lungs)
3. Rib Cage
(Heart and Lungs)
4. Vertebral Column
(Spinal Cord)
5. Clavicle
(Nerve Bundle)
