DIGITAL TWIN FRAMEWORK FOR SUPPLYCHAIN PROCESS

International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395-0056
Volume: 09 Issue: 07 | July 2022 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072
© 2022, IRJET | Impact Factor value: 7.529 | ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal | Page 933
DIGITAL TWIN FRAMEWORK FOR SUPPLYCHAIN PROCESS
Ajeesh K Raj1, Dr. Haris Naduthodi2
1PG Scholar manufacturing systems management, GEC Thrissur,Kerala,India,680009
2Professor, Department of production engineering, GEC Thrissur, kerala, India 680009
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Abstract - A successful supply chain management is an
important factor to improve the performance in an
organization. The major problem identified is the
uncertainties in stock management in the supply chain
process. It causes due to the lack of information flow in real
time. For that we need an effective integration and
collaboration of various processes. Digitaltwinisanemerging
technology that consists of creating virtual replicas of the
object or processes. It achieves deep synchronization and
dynamic interaction between the physical and virtual world.
So, a real time information system is developed. It includesthe
data flow from sales point to the manufacturing organization
in real time. The data’s are stored in cloud system. This will
provide accurate and intuitive information for decision-
makers, to speed up the decision-making process and improve
the veracity of decision
Keywords: Digital twin ,Supplychain process, Information
system, IOT, Digital Monitoring, Industry 4.0, Cloud
Infrastructure
1. INTRODUCTION
In the beginning of the development of technological
solutions in the world, it mentioned that a Digital twins are
software representations of assets and processes that are
used to understand, predict, and optimize performance in
order to achieve improved business outcomes. Digital twins
consist of mainly three components: a set of data model, a
set of analytics or algorithms, and knowledge to create the
system. Considering the classic concept of digital twin and
the lack of comprehensive and robust solutions along a
supply chain, it is possible to naturally conceive the concept
of digital twin in supply chains. The design of a digital twin
with the organizations that are part of a supply chain
facilitates the activities of monitoring and digital control of
operations happening there.Here the major problem
identified is the uncertainties in stock management in the
supply chain process. It causes due to the lack ofinformation
flow in real time. For that we need an effective integration
and collaboration of various processes. So created an
information system which includes the data flow from sales
point to the manufacturing organizationinreal time with the
help of cloud and IoT platforms.
2. LITERATURE SURVEY
Digital Twins was introduced by Michael Grieves in early
2000’s in a course presentation for product life-cycle
management [1]. Implementing DT was considered a
complex procedure, which required many developments in
different technologies in early 2011 [2]. Thefirst description
to use of Digital Twin was years by NASA in Technology
Roadmaps [3], where a twin was used to mirrorconditionsin
space and to perform tests for flight preparation. Dawned
with the aerospace industry, the other manufacturing
industry started to use digital twin in 2012. With the
advancements in technologies like cloud computing, IoT and
big data, many domains have seen major developments
occurred , such as Industry 4.0 [4], Physical Internet [5,6],
Cyber-manufacturing [7], Made in China 2025[8], Cloud
Manufacturing [9] etc. Industry 4.0 has seen a revolution
mainly becauseofdigitaladvancements,IoTandBigData[10,
11]. It was because of the Industry 4.0, the storage of all data
in digital format, and sensorsbeing inbuilt into the industrial
spaces, that the implementation of digital twin was possible,
rejuvenating the concept. With the emerging extensive
simulation capabilities,itbecamefeasibletoperformrealistic
tests in a virtual environment. Owing to these technical
advancements, the idea of implementing a functional digital
twin was soon adopted by companies like IBM, Siemens and
GE, as a utility for themselves and for their clients. Currently
industries depend commercial software solutions for
managing supply chain but in thispackagestheapplicationof
real time integration of data across systems with IoT and
cloud computing seems to be limited. Hence a frameworkfor
managing supply chain with digital twin capabilities enables
development of more intelligent integrated systems.
3. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Fig 3.1 Development of Information flow

AKR-IS application is used for keeping track of stock. In this
application the sections are mainly focused the information
data flows from the sales ,the distribution center and the
manufacturing organization. The development of the
information flow is shown in thefig3.1 Themajorfeatures of
this application is addingstock totheinventory,sellingitems
from the inventory/sales, layout/email/SMSshowsthat the
items that need to be restocked. All these data’sarestored in
cloud system ,then the distribution manager can access the
data in the manufacturing organization when they log in to
their page. Distribution manager can only visible the data
from various distribution centers. Distribution manager
couldn’t edit or change the data , they can only visible. As it
is a Prototype application ,i used the excel sheet as the
backend. Instead of that we can use any other applications
which support the cloud system or internet ,as the backend.
It depend on store manager choice. Store managers can
connect the other software’s or platforms to theAppsheet as
its backend.
Appsheet is used to develop the front end of the application.
Create an account in the Appsheet platform using email id.
Then select the prototypeapplicationcreationpageandstart
the application making process. This is one of the easy
platform to create prototype applications .There we can
upload the data’s in the given section .I used the excel sheet
so I can upload and share the data to the platform.Createthe
login pages. For connecting the back ends give necessary
commands needed. All these data’s are stored in the cloud
platform. Data used for this application are; product code,
name of the product, category of products, links for
the images of the product ,initial stock for each
product ,restock level needed for each product in the
organization.
Update the sales data to the information systemoneachday.
These data automatically stored in the cloud platform. The
distribution manager can visible the actual number of
products remaining in the store through this application
while he login. The sales data also visible on each
distribution centers. The representation of these data’s are
available in various formats like table view or chart views.
During these period ,in some days the restock level is
crossed by some of the products. So the restock isneededfor
those products, and it is shown the specific page in the
application. We can also attached the mobile number or
email id to get the information personally from the system
(Depend on the users choice).According to the information
shown by the system the distribution center ordered the
products which are needed to keep the stock. Here the
distribution center added the products by giving the right
information at right time and product details to the
distribution manager in the manufacturing organization.
4.RESULT AND DISCUSSION
The user interface of the application is given in the images.
Fig 4.1 shows the application name, logo etc… This section
will appear after login. Add descriptionabouttheapplication
in the preliminary page.
The inventory section is shown in the Fig 4.2 .Here the
product category, the product image, the current stock ,and
other details regards to the product are added. We can add
product details through the backendpageorbythefrontend
in the application. When we clicked on the Sales section a
tab is open and we can add the sales details occurred during
the period of time. When the sales added ,it automatically
reduce the quantity number from the current stock and
shows the exact quantity at that time in the developed
system. So when the sales occurred and it reaches below or
equal to the restock level quantity at any time ,so it
automatically shows in the restock page. We can identify the
restock needed products easilyinthesectionasshownin the
fig 4.5 Using the filter option we can easily check the other
details of the products too. In the sales report sectionwecan
see the history of sales data. It can be visible in different
option using the filter criteria as shown in the fig 4.4 All
these views can be set according to the users choice. Once
the products are visible in the restock needed section as
shown in the fig 4.5 the stock manager can order the
product. So it can restore in minimum time.
When we added these stock in the system the current stock
is automatically updated in the application. So the system
automatically delete the product from the restock needed
list. Restock the products quickly is possible because of two
things, the order given by the stock manager at right time
and the distribution manager who send the previous sales
quantity data to the production team in the organization to
manufacture and keep stock . We know that all these sales
data’s are stored in the cloud platform. So the distribution
manager can login and check the sales data on each day as
shown in the fig 4.6 Here distribution manager inthefactory
can visible all the sales data of various distribution centers.
This information can send to the production manager in the
organization, to speed up the decision-making process
related to the manufacturing and inventory process. This is
possible because of the fastest information flow in the
system.

Fig.4.1 Application details
Fig.4.2 Inventory section
Fig.4.3 Sales and Add Stock section
Fig.4.4 Sales Report view
Fig.4.6 Data access by the distribution manager
5.CONCLUSION
This thesis describes a cloud based stock management
system for decision making process. The objective is to
develop a real-time information system in dynamic nature
for managing supply chain withdigital twincapabilities.This
system will provide an accurate and intuitive information’s
to decision-makers, and it helps to speed up the decision-
making process. Any organization can customize this
application and use accordingly . Considering the evolution
of technologies and IoT, more companies will host a digital
twin process in future.
6.REFERENCES
[1] Grieves, M (2015). Digital Twin : Manufacturing
Excellence through Virtual Factory Replication This
paper introduces the concept of a A Whitepaper by Dr .
MichaelGrieves.WhitePaperURL:http://www.apriso.com
/library/Whitepaper{_}Dr{_}Grieves{_}DigitalTwin{_}Ma
nufacturingExcellence.php.
[2] Tuegel, E.J., Ingra_ea, A.R., Eason, T.G., Spottswood, S.M.,
(2011). ReengineeringAircraftStructural LifePrediction
Using a Digital Twin. International Journal of Aerospace
Engineering 2011,14.doi:10.1155/2011/154798
[3] Shafto, M., Rich, M.C., Glaessgen, D.E., Kemp, C.,
Lemoigne, J., Wang, L., (2010). DRAFT Modeling,
Simulation, Information Technology & Processing
Roadmap Technology Area 11. Technical Report.
Fig.4.5 Restock needed section

[4] Lu, Y., (2017). Industry 4.0: A survey on technologies,
applications and open research issues. doi:
10.1016/j.jii.2017.04.005.
[5] Ballot, E., Montreuil, B., Meller, R., (2014). The Physical
Internet URL: https://hal-mines-paristech.archives-
ouvertes.fr/hal-01113648.
[6] Sternberg, H., Norrman, A.,(2017) The Physical Internet
– review, analysis and future research agenda.
doi:10.1108/IJPDLM-12-2016-0353.
[7] Jeschke, S., Brecher, C., Meisen, T., O¨ zdemir, D., Eschert,
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[8] Li, L., (2018). China’s manufacturing locusin2025: With
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