Direct and-indirect-speech
- 1. Siamak niazi DIRECT AND INDIRECT SPEECH 1. STATEMENT 2. COMMAND 3. QUESTION
- 2. DIRECT Am, is, are Shall/will Can May Must Have/has to Ought to INDIRECT Was/were Should/would Could Might Had to THE CHANGES OF TOBE & AUXILIARY VERBS
- 3. CHANGES OF ADVERB OF TIME & PLACE DIRECT NOW TOMORROW NEXT WEEK TONIGHT TODAY YESTERDAY LAST NIGHT LAST WEEK HERE THIS THESE INDIRECT THEN THE FOLLOWING DAY THE FOLLOWING WEEK THAT NIGHT THAT DAY THE DAY BEFORE THE NIGHT BEFORE THE WEEK BEFORE THERE THAT THOSE
- 4. CHANGES OF TENSES DIRECT SIMPLE PRESENT SIMPLE PAST PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT CONTINUOUS PRESENT PERFECT CONT. SIMPLE FUTURE INDIRECT SIMPLE PAST PAST PERFECT or (simple past) PAST PERFECT PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONT. PAST FUTURE
- 5. 1. STATEMENT HE SAID HE SAID TO ME HE TOLD ME THAT REPORTED WORDS
- 6. STATEMENT EXAMPLE DIRECT “ We are going to visit Brighton tomorrow.” they said to me. Jeffry said: “I didn’t go to school today.” Anne told Emma: “My father got angry with me last night.” INDIRECT They said to me that they were going to visit Brighton the following day. Jeffry said that he hadn’t gone to school that day. Anne told Emma that her father had got angry with her the night before.
- 7. STATEMENT Exception: If the introductory sentence is in the Present Tense, there won’t be any changes in the Reported (Indirect) speech . DIRECT Cindy says: “ I will come to your house tonight.” Indra says: “I have seen that film for twice.” “ Dessy says: “I meet my boyfriend every saturday.” Chandra says: “I don’t like sport.” INDIRECT Cindy says that she will come to my house tonight. Indra says that he has seen that film for twice. Dessy says that she meets her boyfriend every Saturday. Chandra says that he doesn’t like sport.
- 8. Change these statements to indirect speech 1- “I can’t type.” I told them. 2- “We’re going into town,” they said. 3- “I haven’t got any money,” he told me. 4- “I passed my driving test in 1999,” he told his boss. 5- “My parents had gone to bed,” she said.
- 9. HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME TO INFIVITIVE 2. COMMAND a. Possitive Command:
- 10. COMMAND EXAMPLE DIRECT The teacher asked me: “Open your book page 65!” Siska asked Manu: “Give me a piece of paper!” Ronny told him: “call me tonight!” INDIRECT The teacher asked me to open my book page 65. Siska asked Manu to give her a piece of paper. Ronny told him to call him that night.
- 11. HE ASKED ME HE TOLD ME NOT TO INFIVITIVE 2. COMMAND b. Negative Command:
- 12. COMMAND EXAMPLE DIRECT Daniel asked Emma: “Don’t leave me alone anymore!” Nahid asked Monica: “Don’t hurt me anymore!” Maria told them: “Don’t disturb me!” INDIRECT Daniel asked Emma not to leave her alone anymore. Nahid asked Monica not to hurt her anymore. Maria told them not to disturb him.
- 13. Change these direct commands to indirect speech 1- “Switch off the TV,” she told me. 2- “Don’t touch the wire,” he warned me. 3- “Go to bed early tonight,” he suggested. 4- “Don’t lock the door,” he shouted. 5- “Be careful when you cross the road.” she told her daughter.
- 14. HE ASKED ME IF/WHETHER S + V + COMPLEMENT a. Yes / No Question QUESTION
- 15. A. Yes/No Question Example DIRECT Ricky asked Henry: “Does your father work near here?” Mr. Bean asked Cyntia: “Have you collected your homework?” Dessy asked William: “Can you accompany me to Lippo tonight?” INDIRECT Ricky asked Henry if/whether his father worked near there . Mr. Bean asked Cyntia if/whether she had collected her homework. Dessy asked William if/whether he could accompany her to Lippo that night.
- 16. HE ASKED ME WHEN/WHAT etc. S + V + COMPLEMENT b. Wh- Question QUESTION
- 17. b. Wh- Question Example DIRECT The girl asked me: “Where Do you come from?” My father asked my brother: “Why did you arrive at home late last night?” Handy asked the girl: “what is your favorite movie star?” INDIRECT The girl asked me where I came from. My father asked my brother why he had arrived at home late the night before Handy asked the girl what her favorite movie star was
- 18. Change these direct questions to indirect speech 1- “Did you enjoy the film?” I asked her. 2- “Are you English?” they asked me. 3- “Where are you going?” I asked her. 4- “Can you do me a favour?” he asked me. 5- “Where do you work?” she asked me.
- 19. DIRECT The students said to the teacher: “We haven’t done our assignment.” My uncle said to my sister: “I cannot come on your birthday party next month.” Patar asked Lina : “Do you love me?” My father asked me:”Have you prepared for your final exam?” Anita told Ver: “Don’t tell me more about your boyfriend!” My friend asked her: “Stay with me forever!” My headmaster asked me: “Where do you live?” EXERCISES