disaster Response final.pptx disaster response
- 2. Outlines Introduction Definition of disaster Definition of Disaster Response Aim of Disaster Response Step of disaster response 1. Evacuation Types of disaster Evacuation Stages of Evacuation 2. Search and rescue Work
- 3. 3. Administering First-Aid 4. Handling of Injured at Hospitals 5. Mobilization and Restoration of Essential Services 6. Modern and Traditional Roles of nurse in disaster response manag Problems and issues in disaster response
- 4. Introduction Focused predominantly on immediate and short-term needs, the division between this response/relief stage and the subsequent recovery stage is not clear-cut. Some response actions, such as the supply of temporary housing and water
- 5. Definition of disaster Disasters are serious disruptions to the functioning of a community that exceed its capacity to cope using its own resources. Disasters can be caused by natural, man- made and technological hazards, as well as various factors that influence the exposure and vulnerability of a community.
- 6. Definition of Disaster Response Disaster response refers to the actions taken directly before, during or in the immediate aftermath of a disaster. The objective is to save lives, ensure health and safety and to meet the subsistence needs of the people affected
- 7. Aim of Disaster Response • To control, localize and eliminate the hazards in minimum time. • To minimize damage to property and environment. • To render medical treatment to the injured quickly • To speed up the rescue and head count operation • To safe guard others by timely evacuation • To ensure safety of the installation and persons before they re-enter and resume the work. • To restore normalcy as quickly as possible.
- 8. Aim of Disaster Response • To reinstate critical services and provide food, clothing and water. • To restore or replace demolished or damaged infrastructure. To make alternate housing arrangements in camps. • To help in relieving suffering. • To protect the health and safety of responding personnel.
- 9. Step of disaster response 1. Evacuation the act of moving people from a dangerous place to somewhere safe: The evacuation of civilians remains out of the question while the fighting continues. The first evacuations came ten days after the disaster.
- 10. Types of disaster Evacuation 1-Stay in Place The first type of evacuation is known as stay in place and is used during a chemical or biological attack. You should stay inside your building. Do not go outside. If a chemical agent is used, you will be advised to go to the highest floor in your building because the chemical is probably “heavy” and will not tend to go up.
- 11. 2-Building Evacuation The second type of evacuation is a building evacuation. We use this when we do regular fire drills. Everyone must leave a building and move to an outside assembly area. Go outside to the assembly area and wait for DPS to advise when it is safe to re-enter the building. Know the fastest routes for evacuating your building. Plan your
- 12. 3-Campus Evacuation The third type of evacuation is a campus evacuation. In this event, we will move to the Field House as our primary site and the GUKCC as the secondary site. In the event of a campus evacuation, it will be important for us to account for everyone. Please communicate with your colleagues and friends about your whereabouts. If a disaster strikes, and we know where you are, we can spare your family and relatives a lot of
- 13. 4-City Evacuation The fourth type of evacuation is a city evacuation. In this event, the Crisis Leadership Team will report to the Field House. Maps of city evacuation routes will be available but we advise you to have them handy in advance. Depending on how much time we have, various procedures will be implemented
- 14. Step of disaster response 2. Search and rescue Work Search and rescue (SAR) is the search for and provision of aid to people who are in distress or imminent danger Search and rescue operations specialists are responsible for locating personnel in distress, delivering them to safety, and providing necessary medical care. They operate in a range of environments
- 15. Step of disaster response 3. Administering First-Aid Step 1: Assess the Situation Before jumping into action, it’s crucial to assess the situation to ensure your safety and the safety of the victim. Survey the surroundings for any potential hazards, such as traffic, fire, or electrical wires. If the scene is unsafe, move yourself and the victim to a secure location before proceeding Step 2: Call for Help In any serious situation, the first step should always be to call for professional medical assistance. Dial the emergency number for your country (such as 911 in the United States) and provide accurate information about the location, nature of the emergency, and any other relevant details.
- 16. Step 3: Perform a Primary Survey Identify life-threatening issues. Remember the acronym “ABC Airway: Ensure the victim’s airway is clear and unobstructed. If the person is not breathing, initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) immediately if you are trained to do so. Breathing: Check if the victim is breathing. If not, start rescue breaths or CPR as needed. Circulation: Assess the victim’s pulse and check for signs of severe bleeding. Control any bleeding by applying pressure with a clean cloth or bandage.
- 17. Step 4: Provide Basic First Aid Choking Fractures and Sprains Cuts and Wounds Burns Step 5: Comfort and Monitor Stay with the victim and offer comfort while waiting for professional help to arrive. Continuously monitor their condition and be prepared to adjust your actions as needed. Keep the victim warm by covering
- 18. Step 6: Special Considerations Allergic Reactions: If the victim is experiencing a severe allergic reaction (anaphylaxis), administer an epinephrine auto-injector if available, and seek immediate medical help. Heart Attack: If the victim shows signs of a heart attack (chest pain, difficulty breathing, discomfort in the arms, neck, jaw, or back), keep them calm and seek medical assistance. Stroke: Recognize the signs of a stroke by using the FAST acronym (Face drooping, Arm weakness,
- 19. Step of disaster response 4. Handling of Injured at Hospitals Emergency Transportation and Ambulance Services: Details of Ambulances available in Govt Hospitals/ Private Hospitals/ Other Agencies / Special Schemes, with the telephone numbers of the Hospitals and drivers will be compiled at the district level and made available to the nearby district, state level and other stakeholders.
- 20. 5. Mobilization and Restoration of Essential Services • The Resource Mobilization Plan is an all-hazards plan for the allocation, mobilization and deployment of resources in the event of a disaster or local incident that requires more resources than those available under any existing jurisdictional or mutual aid agreement. • Essential services differ based on the organization or government but generally include services such as hospitals and other healthcare, utilities such as electricity and water supply, law enforcement and
- 21. 6. Modern and Traditional • The responses to disasters may utilize a mix of methods from traditional to modern. • The situation and nature of the affected population play a decisive role in choosing an effective response mechanism. • • Traditional methods of response have been used since long and they are the most common and
- 22. The disaster management team also uses the potential of mapping technologies, such as geographic information system (GIS), remote sensing (satellite imagery) and global positioning system (GPS), to aid emergency response operations. These basically form the basis of the modern methods of disaster response. Mobile phones can act as warning devices. SMS provided by operators can prove to be useful medium to send warning signals of immediate threat. GPS for tracing location of victims.
- 23. Remote Sensing: the scanning of the earth by satellite or high-flying aircraft in order to obtain information about it. Visible and Reflective Infrared remote sensing. Thermal Infrared Remote sensing. Microwave Remote sensing. GIS – GIS is a system that collects, displays, manages and analyzes geographic information. Other Methods – Social Media & Social networking.
- 24. Roles of nurse in disaster response Triage & Initial Care When the demand for medical services is overwhelming the immediate available capacity, one of the most important tasks is performing triage. Triage is the process of sorting patients into different priority levels, to do the most good for the most people with a limited amount of resources
- 25. Records & Documentation Accurately recording each patient’s information is essential when people are receiving first aid at the site of a disaster before they’re transported elsewhere for additional care. Maintaining continuity of care becomes more challenging in disaster scenarios, so “triage tags” are commonly used to record important details about each patient
- 26. Mental Health First Aid People who live through traumatic events like disasters can experience severe emotional and psychological distress. Another primary responsibility of nurses in disaster response efforts is providing mental health support to people in need
- 27. Public Health Efforts In disaster situations, nurses are also called upon to help with a variety of public health initiatives. This could mean dispensing vaccines at pop-up clinics during a pandemic, or educating people on disease prevention when safe water or reliable plumbing are in short supply. It could also mean helping with decontamination efforts after large numbers of people are exposed to hazardous materials.
- 28. Challenges Faced by Nurses in Disaster Response 1-Background Factors • lack of adequate policy direction • poor organization • inadequate planning 2 –Inadequate Preparedness • inadequate plans • low standards of readiness on the part of resource organizations • poor public awareness
- 29. 3- Warning Factors • inadequate warning lead time. • errors in warning systems (e.g., radio broadcast stations) due to effects of disaster impact • failure of people to respond to warning
- 30. 4-Inaccurate and/or Incomplete Information from Survey • homeless, without food and shelter, in need of medical assistance 5-Poor Coordination of Response Operations • information • duplication of effort • unwillingness of some private sector organizations to work within a coordinating system