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Name: Class: Date:
Chapter 03: Computers and Mobile Devices
Cengage Learning Testing, Powered by Cognero Page 1
1. Which of the following terms includes speakers, webcams, and printers as examples?
a. peripherals b. integrated systems
c. ports d. embedded computers
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 108
LEARNING OBJECTIVES: VERR.DICO.15.1 - 1
2. Which of the following is an example of an operating system?
a. C++ b. C#
c. Windows d. Visual Basic
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 108
3. Which of the following companies does not manufacture computers that use the Windows operating system?
a. Dell b. HP
c. Lenovo d. Apple
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 108
4. Which of the following refers to the case that contains and protects the motherboard?
a. memory manager b. CP case
c. system unit d. encapsulator
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 110
5. What is the electronic component that interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate the computer?
a. motherboard b. control unit
c. processor d. arithmetic unit
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 110
6. Which of the following is the term for unsolicited mail messages?
a. e-junk b. spam
c. malware d. mail output

Name: Class: Date:
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 110
7. Which of the following is a portable, personal computer designed to fit on your lap?
a. handtop b. desktop
c. PDA d. notebook
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 111
8. Which of the following types of computers targets a specific audience and offers high-quality audio, video, and
graphics with optimal performance for sophisticated single-user and networked or Internet multiplayer games?
a. multiplayer b. gaming desktop
c. handheld d. encapsulated
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
9. Which of the following is an alternative to the use of your finger to enter data on a tablet like the one shown in the
accompanying figure?
a. tapper b. quickpen
c. stylus d. phablet
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112

Name: Class: Date:
10. Which design of tablet, as shown on the right in the accompanying figure, has an attached keyboard?
a. convertible tablet b. baseline tablet
c. slate tablet d. dynamic tablet
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 112
11. What is the term for an ultrathin laptop (like the one shown in the accompanying figure) that uses the Windows
operating system?
a. thinbook b. thin client
c. ultrabook d. slimbook
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 111

Name: Class: Date:
12. Which of the following is not a part of a server like the one in the accompanying figure?
a. processor b. network connections
c. storage d. bundled software
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
13. Which of the following is the practice of sharing computing resources, such as servers, like those in the accompanying
figure?
a. clustering b. concatenation
c. aggregation d. virtualization
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
14. Which of the following is a network of several servers, like those in the accompanying figure, together in a single
location?
a. server farm b. server unit

Name: Class: Date:
c. server mainframe d. server aggregate
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
15. Which of the following is housed in a bay within a metal frame?
a. rack server b. tower server
c. blade server d. bay server
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
16. Which of the following exists in the form of a single circuit board?
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
17. Which of the following are large, expensive, powerful computers that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected
users simultaneously and store tremendous amounts of data, instructions, and information?
a. embedded computers b. supercomputers
c. mainframes d. mobile devices
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
18. Which of the following is built into an upright cabinet that stands alone?
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
19. Which of the following are the fastest, most powerful computers — and the most expensive?
a. desktop computers b. notebook computers
c. midrange servers d. supercomputers
ANSWER: d

Name: Class: Date:
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
20. Which of the following do most major corporations use for business activities like billing millions of customers,
preparing payroll for thousands of employees, and managing millions of items in inventory?
a. embedded computers b. supercomputers
c. mainframes d. mobiles devices
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
21. Which of the following are capable of processing many trillions of instructions in a single second?
a. desktop computers b. notebook computers
c. midrange servers d. supercomputers
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
22. If a POS terminal is able to update inventory at geographically separate locations, what is the term for this ability?
a. Internet capable b. POS mobility
c. digital encapsulation d. ATM facility
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 118
23. Which of the following is NOT a type of kiosk?
a. financial b. ticket
c. media d. visitor
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
24. Which of the following kinds of computing refers to an environment of servers that house and provide access to
resources users access through the Internet?
a. disperse b. cloud
c. digital d. liberated
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120

Name: Class: Date:
25. Which of the following is an example of a mobile device?
a. supercomputers b. installed media modems
c. smartphones d. servers
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 120
26. What percent of e-waste is recycled?
a. 20 b. 38
c. 45 d. 76
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 122
27. Which kind of keyboard projects an image of a keyboard on a flat surface?
a. automatic b. virtual
c. digital d. embedded
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 123
28. Short text messages sent via a text message service are typically fewer than how many characters?
a. 300 b. 445
c. 500 d. 700
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
29. Which of the following is a four- or five-digit number assigned to a specific content or mobile service provider, for
example, to vote for a television program contestant or donate to a charity?
a. CSC b. TMS
c. SMS d. CMT
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
30. The video clips that users of video message services send are typically how long?

Name: Class: Date:
a. 10 seconds b. 30 seconds
c. 2 minutes d. 10 minutes or more
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
31. What is the term for the picture/video message service available on smartphones and other mobile devices?
a. CMS b. MCS
c. MMS d. SCM
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 124
32. What is the term for the technology that allows users to view message details such as the length of calls, for example?
a. integrated vmail b. voice e-mail
c. video mail d. visual voice mail
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 125
33. Which of the following cameras is a high-end digital camera that has interchangeable lenses and uses a mirror to
display on its screen an exact replica of the image to be photographed?
a. MMS b. convertible
c. point-and-shoot d. SLR
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
34. Which of the following is an affordable and lightweight digital camera with lenses built into it and a screen that
displays an approximation of the image to be photographed?
a. point-and-shoot b. SLR
c. MMS d. convertible
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 127
35. What is the term for the smallest element in an electronic image?
a. icon b. optic
c. state d. pixel

Name: Class: Date:
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 127
36. Which of the following are small speakers that rest inside each ear canal?
a. earphones b. headphones
c. headsets d. earbuds
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 127
37. Which of the following is not a feature of a point-and-shoot camera?
a. affordable b. digital
c. SLR d. lightweight
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 126
38. Which of the following is held with both hands and controls the movement and actions of players or objects in video
games or computer games?
a. joystick b. dance pad
c. gamepad d. balance board
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 131
39. Which of the following is a special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product?
a. hard-coded computer b. embedded computer
c. soft computer d. indexed computer
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 132
40. Which of the following are small and have limited hardware because they are components in larger products?
a. telematics b. embedded computers
c. handhelds d. smart watches
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1

Name: Class: Date:
REFERENCES: 132
41. Which of the following is not a determinant of the category in which a computer best fits?
a. resolution b. speed
c. price d. processing power
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 134
42. Which of the following is a device that plugs in a USB port on the computer or mobile device and contains multiple
USB ports?
a. USB matrix b. USB receiver
c. USB hub d. USB replicator
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
43. How many peripheral devices can you connect with a USB port?
a. up to 32 b. up to 45
c. up to 57 d. up to 127
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
44. Which of the following is an external device that provides connections to peripheral devices through ports built into
the device?
a. port replicator b. universal serial bus port
c. wireless port adapter d. docking station
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 136
45. Which of the following is the process of initiating contact between two Bluetooth devices and allowing them to
communicate with each other?
a. streamlining b. discovering
c. docking d. pairing
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 137

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Name: Class: Date:
46. Which of the following occurs when the electrical supply or voltage drops, often defined as more than five percent
below the normal volts?
a. undervoltage b. power surge
c. overvoltage d. online surge
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 140
47. Which of the following protects against electrical power variations?
a. cloud computing b. surge protector
c. server virtualization d. electronic leveling
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 140
48. What is another name for a standby UPS?
a. online UPS b. surge protector
c. offline UPS d. virtual server
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 141
49. Which of the following kinds of UPS runs off a battery?
a. offline UPS b. UPS utility
c. standby UPS d. online UPS
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 141
50. Which of the following is NOT a likely complaint of someone who spends his or her workday using the computer?
a. lower back pain b. emotional fatigue
c. high blood pressure d. muscle fatigue
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 143
COGNITIVE ASSESSMENT

Name: Class: Date:
51. You want to find a device that can connect to your mobile device and enable you to print. Which of the following do
you use?
a. embedded computer b. peripheral
c. telemetry d. integrated system
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
52. You are investigating a problem with the motherboard, what are the two main components to check out?
a. system unit, memory b. CPU, processor
c. processor, system unit d. memory, processor
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
53. Your desktop houses its system unit in a frame made of metal. What is the term for this frame?
a. CPU b. tower
c. bundle d. server
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
54. A computer salesman refers to the shape and size of your new computer by a specific term. What term does he use?
a. resolution b. aggregator
c. form factor d. base index
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
55. Which of the following terms would you be looking for if you want to make a purchase of a variety of software at the
same time that you purchase your new desktop?
a. cluster b. bundle
c. gathering d. component package
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 114
56. You are looking for a computer to provide a central location for online game play. What kind of computer do you

Name: Class: Date:
need?
a. minicomputer b. mainframe
c. supercomputer d. server
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
57. You need to restore a computer that has suffered a catastrophic failure. Which of the following are you most likely to
use?
a. dedicated server b. domain name server
c. backup server d. FTP server
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
58. You need to store and manage all the Microsoft Office files for your office. Which of the following are you most
likely to use?
a. storage server b. print server
c. Web server d. database server
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
59. You need to set up a computer to store and deliver email messages for your small business. Which of the following are
you most likely to use?
a. network server b. mail server
c. file server d. home server
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
60. You are going to make a decision about a server purchase based on whether it is a rack server, a blade server, or a
tower server. On which of the following are you basing your decision?
a. resolution b. base index
c. aggregator d. form factor
ANSWER: d
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116

Name: Class: Date:
61. Your server room has ample floor space. Which of the following are you most likely to choose as a result?
a. tower server b. blade server
c. rack server d. bay server
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
62. Your data center is looking to conserve space in its server room. Which of the following are you most likely to choose
as a result?
c. indexed server d. bay server
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
63. Your organization has a large number of servers. Which of the following are you most likely to choose as a result?
c. rack server d. bay server
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 116
64. Which of the following is not true of the thin client on your desk at your office?
a. It has extensive capabilities. b. It does not contain a hard disk.
c. It looks like a desktop computer. d. It accesses data via the Internet.
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
65. Which of the following is your library using because it costs less, is easier to maintain, and uses less power than
desktop computers?
a. ultrabook b. tablet
c. thin client d. mainframe
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 117
66. Which of the following do you need to verify that you are the holder of the bank card at your local bank branch?
a. skimmer b. account code

Name: Class: Date:
c. PIN d. transaction ID
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 118
67. A thief has unfortunately captured your ATM card number by placing a panel on top of the face of an ATM, which
was virtually undetectable to you. What is this technology called?
a. skimmer b. PIN CAPTCHA
c. digimask d. transaction thief
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
68. Which of the following are you most likely to find on your next trip to an amusement park?
a. ticket kiosk b. cloud kiosk
c. financial kiosk d. virtual kiosk
ANSWER: a
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
69. You go to your local town utility in order to pay your gas bill. Which of the following are you most likely to use?
a. vending kiosk b. financial kiosk
c. visitor kiosk d. utility kiosk
ANSWER: b
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
70. At your local supermarket there is a kiosk that allows you to rent your favorite movie on DVD. Of which of the
following is this an example?
a. media kiosk b. film kiosk
c. vending kiosk d. photo kiosk
ANSWER: c
POINTS: 1
REFERENCES: 119
71. You see a kiosk in the lobby of your local hospital. Which of the following is it most likely to be?
a. photo kiosk b. financial kiosk
c. ticket kiosk d. visitor kiosk
ANSWER: d

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VIII
The City of Ninety Islands
From all practical points of view, if, indeed, it is stretching the
metaphor a bit with regard to smells and scenes (to preserve the
alliteration), Amsterdam may be considered the Venice of the
Netherlands. Like Venice it seems to have as many canals as there
are blood vessels in the human body; like Venice it is the home of
the damp cellar, for the city is built upon piles.
In the erection of a new building in Amsterdam the first thing they
do is to pump out the site, and, after they have it fairly dry, keep on
pumping to prevent it from filling up again; when the structure is
completed they celebrate the event by the installation of a
permanent pump in the basement which they must needs start
running at stated intervals to diminish the volume of water that has
seeped in through the cracks. The driver of piles takes the place of
our stone mason, for of piles is the city’s foundation. A foot at a
whack, these piles are sunk into the sand. They are then morticed
with mud, girders are strung between them, and behold! the house
on stilts commences to assume its architectural design. By and by
the mud loses its adhesive properties to a certain degree, and the
building commences to lean dangerously forward or backward,
although without the dire results that one might imagine.
Amsterdam is the largest and most commercially important city in
Holland. Founded in 1204 by Gysbrecht II, who built a castle here,
and choked the flow of the river Amstel by throwing a dam across it
—from which more or less momentous event the town derived its
appellation,—Florins V, of Binnenhof fame, favored the place to the

extent of granting its exemption from the taxes imposed by Zeeland
and Holland. In 1311 it was formally absorbed by the latter province.
From that time on Amsterdam gathered greater importance as a
commercial center, until, in the early years of the seventeenth
century, after the Dutch had finally succeeded in beating off the
Spaniards, the establishment of the Dutch East India Company
added its might to raise Amsterdam to the rank of the foremost
mercantile community in the world. Later she commenced to
gravitate slowly down the incline of trade and her cogs refused to
take hold again until the latter half of the nineteenth century,
although at the time of the dividing of the Dutch Republic, when
King Louis Bonaparte took up his residence in Amsterdam in 1808,
she was considered the third greatest city in the French Empire. To-
day she has advanced well past the half million population mark.
Although as regards her foreign trade she does not profess to
compete with Rotterdam, as a money market and clearing house for
colonial products she is preëminent in the Netherlands.
The Dam—a large square that owes its name to the fact of its
being the eastern boundary of Lord Amstel’s embankment across the
river—is the axis around which Amsterdam revolves. It is literally the
hub of the Dutch universe. Every electric car in the place starts from
the Dam, and in due course of time will wind its way back again.
The principal edifices adjacent to it are the Royal Palace, the Nieuwe
Kerk, or New Church, and the imposing post and telegraph offices.
Completed in the year 1655 at a total cost of more than
$3,000,000, this Royal Palace was originally the Town Hall, but when
Louis Bonaparte came upon the scene the Dutch made him a
present of it for his use as a royal residence. At a later date King
William I of Holland handed it back to the city, whose property it still
remains, instead of that of the Crown; so that when Wilhelmina
makes her annual ten days’ visit to Amsterdam she comes more as a
private citizen and is the guest of the city for the period of her stay.
With its 264 feet of length and its 207 of width it seems rather a
strain upon the imagination to picture the Royal Palace as standing
upon stilts; but such is actually the case, for its foundations consist

of 13,659 piles (to be absolutely accurate) driven from forty to sixty
feet into the sand.
The difference in ages between the Nieuwe Kerk, just around the
corner from the palace, and the Oude Kerk, or Old Church of
Amsterdam, is that the Oude Kerk was erected in 1300, whereas
they didn’t commence work upon the Nieuwe Kerk until a hundred
and eight years later. Both were doing their religious duties before
America was discovered. Successive conflagrations destroyed
different parts of the Nieuwe Kerk and the first service in the
building as it stands to-day was not celebrated until 1648. The
church contains the tombs of three of Holland’s famous fighting
admirals, that of Admiral de Ruyter included, in addition to the
hermes bust of another, and the mausoleum of a Dutch lieutenant of
marines, van Speyk by name, who, during the revolution of Holland,
“maintained on the 5th of February, 1831, before Antwerp, the
honor of his native flag at the cost of his life” by blowing up his
gunboat in the harbor of Antwerp to prevent it from falling into the
possession of the enemy. Since 1814 four kings of Holland have
taken the oath of the constitution in the Nieuwe Kerk and here, on
September 6, 1898, Wilhelmina was formally inaugurated Queen of
the Netherlands—an event recently commemorated by the
installation of a handsome stained glass window in the church. Well
might the Nieuwe Kerk be said to be the Westminster Abbey of
Amsterdam.
Connecting the Dam with the central railway station is the wide
Damrak, part of which was at one time a canal. In the opposite
direction wiggles the narrow Kalverstraat, Amsterdam’s principal
shopping street, thronged in the late afternoon and evening with
that part of the population of the city that isn’t sipping coffee in the
windows of its cafés.

The Royal Palace, Amsterdam, facing upon the Dam which is the
axis about which the whole city revolves
Once I had the misfortune to be stopping in Amsterdam upon the
occasion of the Queen’s birthday, the 31st of August. This not being
sufficient unpremeditated self-punishment, I was provincial enough
to have chosen as headquarters what appeared from across the
street to be a clean, quiet little hotel in the Kalverstraat. The two
blended most harmoniously. Between the unmelodious patriots who
paraded the Kalverstraat from sunset to sunrise, and the battles
royal participated in with the ambidextrous entomological specimens
among the bedclothes, I did anything but enjoy a refreshing night’s
rest. To which tale there are two morals: avoid Amsterdam on the
Queen’s birthday, and little Juliana’s as well, and eschew the hotels
in the Kalverstraat (one especially, which shall be nameless) as you
would the nest of the subtle hornet.

At the southeastern terminus of the Kalverstraat stands the old
Mint Tower of 1620, and still farther to the east is the
Rembrandtplein, a small, park-centered intersection of streets
named in honor of Holland’s painter par excellence, who lived for
sixteen years at No. 4 Joden-Breestraat in Amsterdam’s Jewish
quarter, the house having been since marked with a small memorial
tablet.
Here bordering the Rembrandtplein are the larger sidewalk cafés,
jammed of a summer’s evening with pleasure-seeking
Amsterdamers, each with a cup or a glass of something in front of
him. Like those found in the ordinary German cafés these crowds
seldom change. Here you may find the same people at eleven that
you have seen at seven, and in exactly the same positions. A cup of
coffee followed by a cordial is the usual evening’s refreshment
programme, the consuming time of which the Amsterdamer will
expand into a couple of hours by the assiduous perusal of every
newspaper and periodical he can inveigle the waiter to bring him,
interrupted only by an occasional sip of his beverage. Even the
persistent street singers, who come one at a time to prolong the
agony and stand but a few feet away from his table, yelling
triumphantly into his ear, fail to disturb him in the least. If,
unthinkingly, he finishes his refreshment before he considers the
time has arrived to go home to bed, he will calmly smoke out the
remainder of the engagement. The expenditure of half a gulden or
less will buy his contentment until the following evening.
Many of the indoor cafés charge a small admission fee for the
privilege of listening to a “lady orchestra.” In each of these that part
which is adjacent to the street will be partitioned off by a dark
curtain, so that the patrons of the place may choose, if there be any
choice, between the crowds on the street and the vaudeville turns
that may be scheduled to follow the sufferings of the musicians.
On the Rembrandtplein stands also the Rembrandt theater,
Amsterdam’s principal playhouse, which, by way of information, is
closed in summer. But, by way of further information, there are in

the city a number of vaudeville theaters that cater to the less
exacting in the matter of histrionic art and are open throughout the
year, offering more or less respectable performances.
To one of these near the Rembrandtplein I wended my way upon
a certain evening, desirous of being amused, no matter what the
consequences. I obtained my money’s worth, and more. It cost me
one and a half gulden to get in, and it might have cost me an ear, or
other projecting appendage, to get out if I had not slipped through a
side exit as inconspicuously as I could during the height of the mêlée
and commenced forthwith to accelerate my gait toward the hotel. I
think the disturbance was inaugurated by an American protégé of
His Pugilistic Highness, John Johnson, but I did not consider it
exactly safe at the time to tarry longer in order to ascertain
definitely.
It so happened that this particular vaudeville house was in the
habit of concluding its performance each evening with a series of
international wrestling matches, offering a considerable monetary
reward to the winner of the finals. The first bout of the evening of
my visit was between an Englishman and a Dutchman, which
terminated satisfactorily for the latter and with no casualties. The
crowd went rampant; whereupon I became imbued with the spirit of
the thing, ordered another cup of coffee—which, by the way, was
served gratis by the management—and settled myself more
comfortably to enjoy the next tilt between a Frenchman and a
Swede. The gougings and hair-pullings resorted to by the Latin were
not received with complacency on the part of the audience, and
when he lost the match, he made his exit with ruffled temper,
together with his full share of hisses and catcalls. Then the
promoters of the scheme made a managerial mistake. They pitted a
bloated Belgian wrestler against the champion of Amsterdam. A brief
reference to the pages of any volume reciting the incidents of 1830–
31 will convey the correct impression that the Belgians and the
Dutch are not the intimate playmates they used to be—a fact which
in itself precluded the possibility of any amicable settlement of the
forthcoming athletic imbroglio.

The Belgian proved to be a past master in the science of hair-
pulling and eye-gouging. When the even tempered Dutchman finally
turned him on his back he felt called upon to challenge the referee,
the score keeper, the orchestra, the audience, or any other single
individual or group of them that happened to be within reach. The
crowd hooted the villain and applauded the hero.
Just at this inopportune moment a dark, ominous cloud, of African
parentage, wrapped in a true Alabama grin and peg-top trousers,
blew in from the wings and commenced to congratulate the victor
hilariously. In order that the peace respecting reputation of the
house might be preserved, a brigade of stage hands and ushers
rushed in double phalanx upon the scene, and, with rather generous
turn of mind, attempted to distract the negro’s attention and keep
him from maiming the Belgian. Ultimately they tried to put the negro
out—an inconsiderate procedure, to say the least. I once saw the
same thing attempted during fair week in Albuquerque, to the
demolition of several plate glass windows and the necessary services
of half a dozen local surgeons.
The last I remember they were enticing the negro toward the
front door in a none too gentle manner, while the more enthusiastic
half of the audience was making for the stage, and the other half,
among whom was the writer, for the exits. On my way to the hotel
there passed two police vans loaded to the gunwales with a blur of
arms and legs.

Diamond workers in Amsterdam. In a single year over
$13,000,000 worth of the gems were exported from
this district to the United States
The Rijks or Royal Museum stands in a prominent location to the
south of the Old Town, surrounded by the more fashionable
residence section and the Vondel Park. From street floor to gables it
is filled with objects of historical and technical interest. It would take
just as long to “do” it thoroughly as it would the British Museum in
London or the Metropolitan in New York. But the tourist in Holland,
usually of limited time allowance, contents himself with a hurried
inspection of the different collections in the Rijks Museum and a
view of the pièce de resistance of its picture gallery, namely, the
world renowned painting by Rembrandt erroneously styled “The

Night Watch.” Many having been led to believe, on account of the
very marvelous chiaroscuro of the picture, that Rembrandt intended
it to represent a street scene at night, its present title has been
given universal usage; but in reality the scene depicted takes place
in daylight. It is the largest and most justly celebrated work by
Rembrandt, being fourteen and a quarter feet long, and eleven and
three quarters feet wide. It was painted in 1642, and represents a
small company of arquebusiers under Captain Franz Cocq emerging
from their shooting gallery, or doele—a name so commonly given to
Dutch hotels that you will find a “Hotel de Doelen” in almost every
town in Holland. The supposed night shadows in the picture are in
truth cast by the lofty vaulting of the gallery. The portraits of the
sixteen members of the guild were done from life, and each member
represented in the picture paid the artist one hundred gulden, which
remunerated him to the extent of something less than $800 for his
labors. To-day the painting could not be purchased at any price.
Not the least interesting—nor most fragrant—section of
Amsterdam is its Jewish Quarter, situated in the eastern part of the
Old Town. The quarter is a typical city in itself, for of Amsterdam’s
total population more than 60,000 are Jews. It possesses ten
synagogues, the largest of which, erected as early as 1670 by the
Portuguese Jews and said to resemble as far as possible the ancient
Temple of Solomon, stands in the Muiderstraat. Freedom of religion
was accorded these persecuted peoples early in the history of
Amsterdam, and to Amsterdam as an asylum they flocked, first from
Spain in the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, a little later from
Portugal, then from the Spanish Netherlands, from Germany, and
from Poland. In the administration and the commercial enterprises of
the city their wealth wielded much influence.
Amsterdam is indebted to those Portuguese Jews who emigrated
from Antwerp in 1576 for the introduction of its most widely known
industry, that of diamond polishing—an art utterly unknown in
Europe prior to the fifteenth century. To-day there are more than
seventy diamond polishing establishments in and about the city,
employing some 10,000 men, and they are building a new diamond

exchange to cost in the neighborhood of $240,000. The cut
diamonds exported to the United States from the Amsterdam district
alone in 1909—the latest figures at my elbow—were valued at
$13,319,417, in addition to more than a million dollars’ worth in the
rough.
The rules of the London syndicate from which every Amsterdam
diamond polisher must purchase his uncut stones are equally strict
with the regulation of the diamond workers’ organization.
In the former case, a diamond polisher must procure an
introduction to the London merchant through the de Beers syndicate
in order to obtain a “sight.” If a polisher is buying diamonds of one
class, say Kimberly, he may not under any circumstances obtain a
“sight” of diamonds of any other class, say Jagerfontein. He may
examine the parcel of diamonds offered to him for a “sight” for
fifteen minutes, no longer. If they do not suit him his trip to London
has been of no avail. He must take what is offered or nothing, and
at the price quoted. Until five years ago a polisher was punished by
not being able to obtain a “sight” for a year if he refused to accept a
parcel offered for purchase, and he would often pay a premium of
$4,000 for another man’s packet without seeing a stone.
With regard to the worker, no one in Amsterdam may learn the
trade of diamond polishing without the consent of the organization
and unless he be the son of a diamond worker or jeweler. He must
be under eighteen years of age, he must pass a rigid examination,
and if he desires to become a cleaver—the highest salaried artisan in
the diamond industry, whose wages often amount to $120 a week—
he must pay sometimes as much as $2,000. There are special
schools in Amsterdam for turners and polishers which charge an
instruction fee ranging from $120 to $150.
The rough diamond is first cleaved by hand, or, if thought more
profitable, it is set in a bar of hot lead which, after having cooled, is
placed in front of a phosphor-bronze saw and sawed in half.
Whether or not this saw may be used a second time depends upon
the crystallization of the stone sawed. Some stones that, after being

sawed, are considered too hard to polish, are pulverized and mixed
with emery dust to be used in making the saws. The two halves of
the original stone are then handed over to the cutters who cut them
round, or nearly so, and remove the flaws. The polishers then polish
the stones and make their facets, which, in the case of a gem of the
first class, number from fifty-eight to sixty-four.
Amsterdam is also the home of a peculiar institution into the
workings of which some of our own municipalities might delve to
their advantage. It puts the predatory money-loan shark out of
business as effectually as a hydrochloric acid bath would a potato
bug. This institution is the municipal pawnshop, known as the Bank
of Leening, of which there are fifteen branches in the city. It has
been in successful operation for centuries, the first pawn ticket
showing the early date of April 29, 1614. Loans are made for six
months, and all articles not redeemed at the expiration of that
period are sold at public auction. It is interesting to note that among
the articles disposed of in this manner in 1909 were 3,427 sewing
machines, 1,325 bicycles, and 106 pianos and organs. The maximum
loan allowed on a single article is approximately $201, while the low
rates charged have been the cause of much anxiety on the part of
the independent pawnbrokers, and with the desired results. You may
pawn with the Bank of Leening anything from a hair comb to a hair
mattress, but it is an acknowledged fact that forty per cent. of its
business is derived from that well-meaning Dutchman addicted to
the habit of wearing his best suit only on Sunday. This he pawns on
Monday and redeems on Saturday, until the suit wears out from
being passed over the counter.
One item more to the credit of Amsterdam: all the slaughtering of
animals for food must be done in the municipal abattoir, and meat
which is brought in from the country must be inspected there before
it is offered for sale. The dealers do their own slaughtering and must
pay for the use of the abattoir sixty-four, thirty-four, or ten cents,
according to the size of each animal slaughtered. Especially
constructed vans then transfer the meat to the shops of the different
dealers. Inasmuch as horseflesh is found on the daily menu of many

families in Amsterdam, 5,444 horses were numbered among the
150,000 or more animals slaughtered in the municipal abattoir in
1909. Mutton, not being in particular favor with the Dutch for some
unknown reason, cannot be bought in many of the meat shops, and
there is a large central market in Amsterdam that carries only
mutton as its stock in trade.
The Bank of Amsterdam antedates the Bank of England by almost
a century, being founded in 1609. Under the administration of the
Amsterdam Corporation, whose executives examined its specie
annually in order to verify the statements of its managers, the
business world became so confident of its solvency that its
guaranteed certificates were usually offered at a premium, and as
much as $180,000,000 in coin has been held against these
certificates at one time. Ever since its establishment it has retained
its place as one of the strongest financial institutions in the world.

Discovering Computers Essentials 2016 1st Edition Vermaat Test Bank

IX
Excursions About Amsterdam
It is doubtful indeed if any other city in Holland than Amsterdam can
tempt the tourist with a greater number of pleasant day’s
excursions. Lying at the very feet of North Holland—a travel territory
no larger in area than the state of Rhode Island, but replete with
picturesque nooks and corners, congested with types and abounding
in peculiar customs—every part of the province is readily accessible
to Amsterdam by rail or by water. Back of its central railway station
there is a long line of docks which berth the boats that only await
your patronage. Here you may board the large river steamer that
takes you to Zaandam in half an hour for the price of one-half of one
Dutch cent a minute; here you may take the little excursion boats for
ports along the Zuyder Zee; here you may engage passage to
Alkmaar or to The Helder or even to Leeuwarden or Groningen or
Zwolle, situated in that unpenetrated part of the kingdom which may
be termed the hinterland of Holland; and here you may hire a
private yacht or motor boat, master and all, to carry you whither you
will and for as long as you wish for as little as five dollars a day
inclusive. If you cross the arm of the Zuyder Zee they call the Ij—
much easier spelled Y—by ferry to the Tolhuis you have only to
board the steam tram to be rattled across country to Alkmaar, Edam,
or Volendam. To Haarlem is but fifteen minutes’ ride by rail, while
The Hague itself is only an hour’s trip in the schnell zug. Zandvoort,
on the North Sea, is served by electric train direct from Amsterdam,
stopping at Haarlem to break the short journey.
A favorite excursion for a summer’s evening is from Amsterdam by
steamer to Zaandam, the most typically Dutch of all Dutch towns.

The course of the steamer leads up the North Sea Canal to a point a
little beyond the Petroleum Harbor and then turns off into the river
Zaan.
A waterfront street in Volendam, which with Marken is the most
advertised showplace on the tourist’s beaten track
It is in the North Sea Canal that Amsterdam places her only hope
of ever being able to compete with Rotterdam as a shipping port.
With its fifteen miles of length, its sixty-five to one hundred and ten
yards of width, and its thirty feet of depth, this canal pierces the
one-time peninsula of North Holland from the Zuyder Zee to its
western boundary, making an island out of part of the province and
placing Amsterdam in direct and easy communication with the North
Sea. An “A.P.” gauge along its bank would prove its water level to be
about twenty inches minus, that is, twenty inches below the mean
level of the water at Amsterdam—the bench mark of all water levels
throughout Holland. To cut such a canal across country from one sea

to another and to protect it at either end with immense breakwaters
and lock gates has cost the government in the neighborhood of
$18,000,000 and consumed eleven years of patient labor. Since 1895
its western terminus has been divided into two outlets, the older
being protected by a lock of three openings, while the more recently
completed branch, diverging a little to the northward from the main
canal, has but one opening, 245 yards long, 27 yards wide, and 33
feet deep.
Zaandam being the home and breeding ground of the windmill, a
bird’s-eye view of it would give the effect of four inverted centipedes
kicking in their death throes. It is the center of the Dutch lumber
trade, and since the windmill is the cheapest method of generating
the power that any lumber trade requires in order to operate its
sawmills, Zaandam draws from the breeze what we conjure from
steam. There are upwards of four hundred windmills in its immediate
vicinity. Its houses, brightly painted with green, red, or white, and
surrounded with pleasant little gardens, gayly reiterate the
Dutchman’s delight in contrasts, harmonious or otherwise.
Another of Zaandam’s claims to the consideration of the tourist is
a little old house near the harbor, that belongs, not to any resident
of the town, nor to any man in Holland, but to the Czar of all the
Russias personally. It is the house which Peter the Great made his
domestic headquarters for a brief week in the year 1697 while, as
tradition has it, he studied shipbuilding incognito in Zaandam. If the
villagers had not made themselves so pestiferously inquisitive and
penetrated his disguise a few days after his arrival he might have
learned a lot from Mynheer Kalf, under whose competent tutelage he
apprenticed himself as a ship carpenter; but the idlers about town
became too importunate for Peter. He gave up his position at the
end of a week and returned to Amsterdam.
Volendam, on the west coast of the Zuyder Zee, and the little
Island of Marken, just opposite, are the two most advertised and,
therefore, the show places in the tourist territory of Holland and
enjoy the highest patronage. Both are being rapidly and ruthlessly

spoiled in consequence. However, as these are the towns easiest of
access from Amsterdam that have retained the costumes and
customs which prevailed hundreds of years ago, embellishing both to
a certain degree as the signs of the times dictate, one feels it his
solemn duty, almost, to go there. If the gentle reader has been to
Amsterdam and has weathered the many appeals to make a day’s
trip to Volendam and Marken we should like to have him raise his
hand, please, so that we may inquire as to the cause and effect of
his superb indifference. It would be worth noting in the minutes of
any travel club.
The head porter of your hotel in Amsterdam—a sort of
unproclaimed passenger agent himself—will try to sell you a round
trip ticket to Volendam and Marken in one of the many parties, each
attended by a conductor, which leave every morning and return
every evening during the season. But, if you will bear a personal
opinion, that which is interesting under the guidance of the prosaic
conductor is twice as interesting to explore by yourself. Start as early
as you choose, if you can, and get back when you can, if you
choose, is the best advice I am able to utter with regard to travel
through any country in the world—and, on account of its many
facilities for getting about and the comparative meagerness of the
territory involved, it is especially applicable to Holland.
Except to obtain a comprehensive view of the great dam at the
mouth of the Y, a mile and a quarter in length, which protects the
more delicate construction of the North Sea Canal from the ravages
of the Zuyder Zee, the trip to Marken made by this route offers little
compensation. The same view can be had if you will take the electric
car from in front of the station in Amsterdam to the St. Anthonis Dyk
and walk a short distance across to the locks at the Oranjesluizen
near the north end of the embankment. The five openings at this
point of the great breakwater permit the entrance and exit of vessels
and regulate the depth of water in the canals. Out of a total of fifty-
six lock gates twenty-two are constructed of iron.

Then, too, there seems to be no stability about the weather in
Holland, and a voyage up the Zuyder Zee in a cold, drizzling rain
does not encourage a pleasant afterthought of the excursion. Upon
one trip I made up the Zee in the middle of summer the climate was
of about the same temperature as that of a Christmas in
Spitzbergen.
A much more satisfactory route by which to tap these towns is the
steam tramway line through Monnikendam and Edam, the method of
procedure in this case being to take the ferry from the end of the
Damrak near the station in Amsterdam to the Tolhuis, or old
customhouse, across the Y.
Here near the Tolhuis is the southern entrance to the North
Holland Canal, with its great lock gates—a channel which simplifies
the boat voyage between Amsterdam and The Helder, penetrating
almost the entire length of the province of North Holland, a distance
of forty-five miles or more, and dividing into two the island already
made by the North Sea Canal. A hundred and thirty feet in width and
sixteen feet in depth, it was constructed a half century before its
North Sea predecessor at a cost of about $4,000,000, and its water
level at Buiksloot, the first little station on the tram line, about a mile
from the Tolhuis, is as much as ten feet below that of the sea at half
tide.
Broek, a little farther along near the tram line, is reputed to be the
cleanest town in the world, and I have not the least doubt that its
reputation is well deserved. But its motive is ill chosen: it is clean for
a purpose. By its cleanliness it attracts visitors, and so it can scarcely
be reckoned as a criterion by which to judge the other towns of
Holland. No doubt it was clean long before it ever had any visitors,
but since the tourists commenced to hear about its hypertrophied
spotlessness, they began to visit it; now the more visitors it has the
cleaner it becomes. Like a duck, it is preening itself continuously
from dawn till dark.
From Monnikendam you may take steamer direct for the Island of
Marken, but it will be more to your comfort to join the steamer in

Marken and return through the canals to Amsterdam by way of
Monnikendam. Such a procedure, however, is dependent upon the
steamer captain’s consent to the proposition; for the boats that ply
this route carry excursionists exclusively, so that even if the captain
can be induced to accept you as a passenger you may have to pay
the full fare for the trip from Amsterdam to Marken and return.
Once—about three and a half centuries ago—Monnikendam was
included in the list of the most important towns in Holland. In its
halcyon days its money chests contained enough bullion to provide
for the outfitting of a fleet which it sent under spreading canvas up
the coast to Hoorn, to demonstrate to the skeptics that a Spanish
admiral could be captured in battle, if only the scheme were handled
in the proper manner. Long since has Monnikendam been relegated
to the so-called “dead city” class. It is almost too sleepy to keep
awake in the daytime, arousing but once a year from its perennial
slumber: when Amsterdam comes on skates to hold an ice carnival.
Back somewhere in the fourteenth century, when the only
maritime means of access to Amsterdam was down the Zuyder Zee,
Edam held the strategical position of being its picket port. Since
those good old days its 25,000 population has depreciated four-fifths
in numbers. Were it not for its brand of cheese, flourishing before
the gastronomic world a perpetual advertisement of the place, Edam
would soon find itself mentioned in the same breath with Broek and
Monnikendam. It has a fourteenth century Gothic Groote Kerk,
tremendous in comparison with its population, and a Town Hall in
which are preserved the portraits of four or five erstwhile citizens of
Edam, the respective virtues of whom its present inhabitants still like
to mention as if they bore some weight upon the town’s past
prosperity.
One of these local celebrities was a man of the name of Osterlen,
who, in the 1680’s, could boast about a merchant fleet of his own
numbering ninety-two sail. Three of the others were Trijntje, Peter,
and Jan. Trijntje (the diminutive in this case must have been merely
a matter of irony) was said to have been nine feet in height and of

proportionate width; Peter grew an ambiguous beard the dimensions
of which required it to be tied into a knot in order to save it from
being stepped on by its master; and Jan, an immigrant from
Friesland who later procured papers of naturalization in Edam—a
“ringer” we should have called him in small town baseball parlance—
Jan’s net tonnage was four hundred and fifty-four pounds on the
date when he launched himself into the forty-second year of his life.
At Edam you will scramble into a little sailboat to be propelled by
the breeze down the canal for a mile or more to Volendam. Each
side of the ditch—it isn’t much more, if judged by its width; neither
is its odor any sweeter—is bordered by low-lying fields populated
with the black and white bovines directly responsible for the principal
industry of that section. They look docile enough at a distance, these
cows of North Holland, and they probably are at close range, when it
comes to showing the proper deference due an unmolesting human
being, but they are notorious for their biased aversion to dogs. The
dog seems to be their time-honored and ancient enemy, and the
mere presence of one in the field can cause a deal of agitation. If its
owner accompanies the dog he may be expected to commence a
Dutch Marathon almost any minute, because, at sight of him, the
cow will foreclose with the canine and open speedy negotiations
with the owner. I have been told that it is unsafe even to walk along
the canal bank with a dog, for only during last summer one staid old
burgher of Volendam, in so doing, was hooked to death, and two
ladies of Edam, while taking an evening walk, had to be hustled into
a passing sailboat and pushed out from shore to escape a similar
fate.
Every ten feet or so, it seems, someone will be fishing, for fishing,
more than any other, appears to be the national sport of Holland. No
self-respecting fish would live in some of the canals they fish in, but
certain species must be able to survive their density else the
proverbial Dutch patience would be soon exhausted.
The most odoriferous point along the canal from Edam to
Volendam is in the immediate vicinity of a duck farm just near the

journey’s end. These ducks are the amphibious flies in the amber of
what is otherwise transparently picturesque. They are farmed
throughout Holland, but only for their eggs, which, being too strong
even for the Dutchman to relish, are sent to the more cosmopolitan
cities or exported into the foreign pastry kitchens.
Land is so scarce in Holland that the pig-sty back of the house on
the right had to be built out over the canal on piles
Volendam, by reason of the curious costuming of its inhabitants,
its quaint, narrow main street, high above the doorsteps of the
bordering brick houses, and its picturesque fishing fleet, is the haven
of artists of all nationalities. One of the most interesting picture
galleries in the Netherlands comprises the public rooms of the Hotel
Spaander, hung with sketches, more or less frivolous, and finished
works, more or less serious, done spontaneously by the hands of
such illustrators and painters as Phil May, Will Owen, Edward
Penfield, William Chase, and Burne-Jones. The back yard of the
hotel, which, without the least excuse, it advertises as an “attractive

garden,” is fringed with old buildings, each roof exchanged within
the comparative recent development of the town as an art center for
the skylight of the unmistakable studio.
Sunday, by all odds, is the most advantageous day of the week to
visit Volendam. Then are the dresses of its women folk and the
breeches of its men, copious as meal sacks, garnished with the
jewelry and the silver buckles respectively which have been handed
down as heirlooms from mother to daughter, from father to son,
even unto the third and fourth generations. Then is the fishing fleet
jammed together in the little harbor to spend its accustomed week
end of lethargy, each masthead flying its long, narrow pennant—a
sight which from a distance might be mistaken for a hibernating
flock of wild fowl. You would have to use a rifle with an elbow in its
barrel to be able to shoot through this patch of pine forest with its
top cut off without puncturing one mast at least. On other days of
the week Volendam’s citizens are preoccupied with whatever they
have to attend to, but on Sunday they stand around and pose
gracefully and easily for the commendation of the visiting public.
The garb of the male Volendamer is about as characteristic as any
regalia in Holland. His round, flat-crowned cap permits the exposure
of its owner’s bronzed and finely cut features. He wears a loosely
tied scarf about his neck, and his shirt or jersey usually displays a
large patch cut from another shirt or jersey regardless of any
probable ambition to match the patterns. Whenever and wherever
the garment wears out, then and there it is patched, and by their
patches ye shall know them; that is, you can come within
measurable proximity of telling the daily duties of every man by the
position of his patches. One will have a livid green patch down the
collar bone of a dark maroon jersey; another will display a different
colored sleeve from the elbow down. The Volendamer’s trousers
extend in a southerly direction to the tops of the ankles only, and are
built with a voluminously exaggerated peg-top effect, so much so
that each cavernous side pocket must hold at least a peck, and to be
able to find with any degree of proficiency such an insignificant
article as a penknife in its depths, the wearer would have to go into

early training as a contortionist. Week days he wears klompen, or
the ordinary poplarwood shoes, which may be used for as many
different and distinct purposes as the owner’s ingenuity may contrive
—such as amusing the little tots by sailing a klomp across the canal
as a boat, or tying one on the end of a rod and offering it to the
canal boat master as a receptacle in which to drop the toll as he
poles his barge through the locks. The vrouw sees that her “man”
removes his klompen before he dares enter the house, and upon
each doorstep you will invariably behold one or more pairs,
including, perhaps, those of a visitor in the kitchen paying his
respects in his stocking feet. On Sundays, however, the more
fastidious Volendamer will break the monotony by changing the
klompen for the more genteel-looking low, leather, pump-like
slippers.
The most distinguishable feature of the Volendam feminine attire
from that found on the Island of Walcheren or at Scheveningen, for
example, is the immaculate white cap, somewhat of the shape of a
miniature miter, terminating at the sides in two stiffly starched points
that curl out from the ears like the horns of a water buffalo. The hair
is cropped close and, according to the prevailing rules of decorum,
only a fringe of it is allowed to be visible. Never under any conditions
should a man see an unmarried member of Volendam’s gentler sex
with her head uncovered.
Over in Marken the proper thing to do to complete the delusion is
to allow one of the many children who pester the passengers upon
landing from the boat to lead you to his home, reimbursing him
financially to the extent demanded—not a very vast sum, in any
event. It will be a scrupulously clean little place of one, and not
often more than two rooms. It will contain the usual amount of
brass-work and a nondescript collection of Delft ware. The floor will
be brick, the fireplace will have its ingle nooks, and its pot of
whatever-it-is suspended over the fire from a crane, will be
simmering gently. In the side walls will be built the sleeping
accommodations, like bunks on a ship, draped with curtains at night
and closed to view—and air—in the daytime by means of paneled

wooden doors. This will be about all to see in Marken, and you will
be happy enough to be led back to the boat to escape further
mercenary moves on the part of the populace.
The shirt of the male Markener can show as many patches as that
of the male Volendamer, but instead of the little round cap he sees
fit to favor a sort of derby hat having a two-inch crown. His breeches
are of the knickerbocker type, but still very much peg-topped, and
his klompen are sometimes varnished yellow and carved in more or
less delicate tracery. Unlike those of Volendam, the women of
Marken let the hair grow, plaiting it into two braids which hang
down, one from each ear, in defiance to any custom that may obtain
across on the mainland.

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