Discussion method : Meaning and Concept
- 1. Dr. Syed Javaid Ahmad Andrabi
- 2. The discussion method is an approach that facilitates learning through interactive conversation between the instructor and students, and among the students themselves. This method encourages critical thinking, enhances understanding, and develops communication skills. Here are some key aspects and best practices for effectively implementing the discussion method:
- 3. Aspects of the Discussion Method 1.Engagement: Active participation from all students is crucial. The goal is to create an environment where everyone feels comfortable sharing their thoughts. 2. Open-Ended Questions: These questions stimulate thinking and allow students to explore various perspectives. They often begin with "how," "why," or "what if."
- 4. 3. Facilitation: The role of the instructor is to guide the discussion, keeping it focused and Productive. This involves balancing contributions, encouraging quieter students, and managing dominant speakers. 4. Preparation: Both instructors and students need to be prepared. Instructors should have a clear plan and objectives, while students should come ready to discuss assigned readings or topics.
- 5. 5.Reflective Listening: Participants should practice active listening, showing they understand others' points before responding. This helps in building on ideas rather than merely debating them. 6.Respectful Discourse: Creating a respectful environment where differing opinions are valued is essential. This can be established through ground rules or guidelines for discussion.
- 6. Best Practices for Implementing the Discussion Method 1. Set Clear Objectives: Define what you want to achieve with the discussion. This could be understanding a concept in depth, developing critical thinking skills, or applying theory to practice. 2. Start with an Icebreaker: Begin with a simple question or activity to warm up the group and make them comfortable.
- 7. 3.Use Thought-Provoking Questions: Ask questions that challenge students to think deeply and consider different perspectives. Avoid questions with simple yes or no answers. 4.Encourage Participation: Small group discussions to ensure everyone gets a chance to contribute.
- 8. 5.Summarize and Synthesize: Periodically summarize the key points that have been discussed to ensure understanding and coherence. Synthesize different viewpoints to show how they relate to each other. 6. Use Varied Formats: Vary the format of discussions to keep them interesting. This could include debates, role-plays, case studies, or problem-solving sessions.
- 9. 7.Be Flexible: Be ready to adapt the discussion based on how students are responding. If a topic sparks unexpected interest, it might be worth exploring further even if it deviates from the plan. 8.Assessment and Feedback: Provide feedback on the quality of participation and ideas presented. This can help students improve their discussion skills over time. 9.Reflect on the Process: After the discussion, take time to reflect on what went well and what could be improved. This can be done individually or as a group.
- 10. ADVANTAGES 1. Active Learning: Students engage actively with the material, which can lead to deeper understanding. 2.Critical Thinking: By considering multiple viewpoints and debating ideas, students develop critical thinking skills. 3.Communication Skills: Regular participation in discussions helps improve verbal articulation and argumentation skills. 4. Collaboration: Working in groups fosters teamwork and the ability to work with others towards a common goal.
- 11. DISADVANTAGES 1.Dominance by a Few: Ensure everyone gets a chance to speak by setting ground rules and using structured activities that require input from all. 2.Off-Topic Conversations: Gently steer the conversation back to the main topic if it starts to drift. 3.Reluctant Participants: Encourage participation by directly asking quieter students for their opinions or using smaller groups where they might feel more comfortable.