Diving into HHVM Extensions (PHPNW Conference 2015)
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The document presents a detailed overview of extending HHVM (HipHop Virtual Machine) with a focus on how to create and compile a simple PHP extension using C++. It covers key concept introductions, code examples for defining and using extensions, debugging techniques, and when to consider writing extensions, as well as resources for further learning. The presentation is aimed at PHP developers interested in integrating HHVM extensions into their workflows.
![Compile & run the test
#!/bin/bash
hphpize
cmake . && make
/usr/bin/hhvm
-d extension_dir=.
-d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so
test.php](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151003-divingintohhvmextensionsphpnwconference2015-151003140954-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-PHPNW-Conference-2015-30-320.jpg)
![Run with gdb
$ gdb --args
/usr/bin/hhvm
-d extension_dir=.
-d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so
test.php
GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.9-1ubuntu1) 7.9
Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.
org/licenses/gpl.html>
--- snip ---
Reading symbols from /usr/bin/hhvm...done.
(gdb)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151003-divingintohhvmextensionsphpnwconference2015-151003140954-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-PHPNW-Conference-2015-49-320.jpg)
![Breakpoints
(gdb) b ext_calc.cpp:6
No source file named ext_calc.cpp.
Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y
Breakpoint 1 (ext_calc.cpp:6) pending.
(gdb)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151003-divingintohhvmextensionsphpnwconference2015-151003140954-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-PHPNW-Conference-2015-50-320.jpg)
![Running
(gdb) r
Starting program: /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[]
=calc.so smoke.php
[Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled]
Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1".
Breakpoint 2, HPHP::f_calc_add (a=5, b=3) at /home/james/workspace/hhvm-
calc/ext_calc.cpp:6
6 return a + b;
(gdb) p a
$1 = 5
(gdb) p b
$2 = 3
(gdb)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/151003-divingintohhvmextensionsphpnwconference2015-151003140954-lva1-app6891/85/Diving-into-HHVM-Extensions-PHPNW-Conference-2015-51-320.jpg)
Diving into HHVM Extensions (PHPNW Conference 2015)
- 1. Diving into HHVM Extensions James Titcumb PHPNW Conference 2015
- 2. James Titcumb www.jamestitcumb.com www.roave.com www.phphants.co.uk www.phpsouthcoast.co.uk @asgrim Who is this guy?
- 3. First, some background... source: Microsoft
- 7. How PHP works PHP code OpCache Execute (VM) Lexer + Parser Compiler
- 8. How HHVM works PHP code OpCache Execute (VM) Lexer + Parser Compiler JIT Execute (Native)
- 9. Hack features ● Return/parameter type hints ● ?nullable ● Collections (Vectors, Sets, Maps, etc.) ● Async functions ● Enums ● Generics ● Lambda expressions ==> ● XHP ● more stuff
- 19. Compile HHVM?
- 21. My First HHVM Extension™
- 23. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 24. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 25. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 26. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 27. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() {} } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 30. Compile & run the test #!/bin/bash hphpize cmake . && make /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so test.php
- 31. Compile & run the test $ ./build.sh bool(true) $
- 32. Hack it!
- 35. ext_calc.cpp #include "hphp/runtime/ext/extension.h" namespace HPHP { static class CalcExtension : public Extension { public: CalcExtension(): Extension("calc") {} virtual void moduleInit() { loadSystemlib(); } } s_calc_extension; HHVM_GET_MODULE(calc); } // namespace HPHP
- 36. ext_calc.php <?hh function calc_sub(int $a, int $b): int { return $a - $b; }
- 38. Compile & run the test $ ./build.sh bool(true) int(2) $
- 39. Sprinkle some C++ in for good measure
- 40. ext_calc.cpp // ... SNIP ... virtual void moduleInit() { HHVM_FE(calc_add); loadSystemlib(); } // ... SNIP ...
- 41. ext_calc.cpp // ... SNIP ... static int64_t HHVM_FUNCTION(calc_add, int64_t a, int64_t b) { return a + b; } // ... SNIP ...
- 42. in php extensions... PHP_FUNCTION(calc_add) { // ... SNIP ... #ifndef FAST_ZPP if (zend_parse_parameters(ZEND_NUM_ARGS(), "ll", &a, &b) == FAILURE) { return; } #else ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_START(2, 2) Z_PARAM_LONG(a) Z_PARAM_LONG(b) ZEND_PARSE_PARAMETERS_END(); #endif // ... SNIP ...
- 43. ext_calc.php <?hh <<__Native>> function calc_add(int $a, int $b): int; function calc_sub(int $a, int $b): int { return $a - $b; }
- 44. … that’s it. <?php var_dump(extension_loaded('calc')); var_dump(calc_sub(5, 3)); var_dump(calc_add(5, 3)); test.php
- 45. Compile & run the test $ ./build.sh bool(true) int(2) int(8) $
- 46. Debugging?!
- 48. Add debug mode #!/bin/bash hphpize cmake -DCMAKE_C_FLAGS="-O0 -ggdb3" -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-O0 -ggdb3" -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug . make # ... SNIP ...
- 49. Run with gdb $ gdb --args /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[]=calc.so test.php GNU gdb (Ubuntu 7.9-1ubuntu1) 7.9 Copyright (C) 2015 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu. org/licenses/gpl.html> --- snip --- Reading symbols from /usr/bin/hhvm...done. (gdb)
- 50. Breakpoints (gdb) b ext_calc.cpp:6 No source file named ext_calc.cpp. Make breakpoint pending on future shared library load? (y or [n]) y Breakpoint 1 (ext_calc.cpp:6) pending. (gdb)
- 51. Running (gdb) r Starting program: /usr/bin/hhvm -d extension_dir=. -d hhvm.extensions[] =calc.so smoke.php [Thread debugging using libthread_db enabled] Using host libthread_db library "/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/libthread_db.so.1". Breakpoint 2, HPHP::f_calc_add (a=5, b=3) at /home/james/workspace/hhvm- calc/ext_calc.cpp:6 6 return a + b; (gdb) p a $1 = 5 (gdb) p b $2 = 3 (gdb)
- 52. Handy commands c continue / step out n step over s step into p x print the value of a variable (x) set x = y set a variable (x) to value (y) bt print backtrace q quit :)
- 53. When NOT to write extensions
- 54. When to write extensions
- 55. BUCKLE UP.
- 57. Integrating OpenGL into an HHVM extension
- 58. Don’t try this in production!
- 59. srsly.
- 61. What I did
- 63. huh?!
- 64. Make it OOOOOOO
- 65. ext_foo.php <?hh <<__NativeData("Foo")>> class Foo { <<__Native>> public function bar(): int; }
- 68. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 69. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 70. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 71. HHVM Universe <?php $o = new Foo(); $o->bar(); PHP Land class Foo { public: Foo() {} ~Foo() {} int value = 5; } Planet C++ int64_t HHVM_METHOD(Foo,bar) { auto data = Native::data<Foo>(this_); return data->value; } Time Vortex!?!?! C++ object !== PHP object
- 72. this slide is intentionally left blank
- 73. ext_foo.php <?hh class Foo { private int $value public function bar(): int { return $this->value; } }
- 74. Demo?
- 77. Resources ● OpenGL Tutorial ○ http://www.opengl-tutorial.org/ ● HHVM Example Extension ○ https://github.com/hhvm/extension-example ● Sara Golemon - HHVM extension blog series ○ http://blog.golemon.com/2015/01/hhvm-extension-writing-part-iii.html ● Derick Rethans’ extension API cookbook ○ https://github.com/derickr/hhvm-hni-cookbook ● The official API documentation ○ https://github.com/facebook/hhvm/wiki/Extension%20API ● Journey of a Thousand Bytecodes ○ http://hhvm.com/blog/6323/the-journey-of-a-thousand-bytecodes
- 78. Any questions? :) https://joind.in/15434 James Titcumb @asgrim