DWeb and Civil Society: An Introduction For Makers
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This document provides a series of guides aimed at educating makers in civil society about the decentralized web. It covers the fundamentals of blockchain technology, cryptocurrencies, smart contracts, and the broader implications of decentralization for civil society. Additionally, it discusses various programming languages used in blockchain development and encourages further exploration of decentralized technologies.
DWeb and Civil Society: An Introduction For Makers
- 1. DWeb foundations for Makers in Civil Society
- 2. This series of guides is intended to help you take the information presented in the webinar and translate that into practical knowledge. Guide #1 will take you through the foundations of decentralized web and how itʼs fundamentals apply to the makers of Civil Society. Once completed, youʼll be well on your way to understanding how decentralized web technology can benefit yourself and your organization. We encourage you to take the lessons learned and explore further. It is not intended to be financial advice. INTRODUCTION
- 3. Been working in decentralized web since 2017. 40+ hackathons a year since 2020 Formerly of Gitcoin and Buildbox Always be building! Bio
- 5. What are blockchains? Blockchains are distributed and decentralized digital ledger technologies that are designed to record transactions and data in a secure and immutable manner. They serve as the foundational technology behind cryptocurrencies like Bitcoin, but their applications extend far beyond digital currencies. Here are some key characteristics and concepts associated with blockchains: Decentralization Immutable and Transparent Security Consensus Mechanisms Smart Contracts Public vs. Private Blockchains Use Cases Tokens and Cryptocurrencies
- 6. How do they work?
- 7. How do they work? Blockchains operate by harnessing a blend of cryptographic methods, distributed networks, and consensus mechanisms. They establish an impervious, decentralized, and openly accessible ledger for recording transactions or data. These ledgers rely on consensus mechanisms to confirm and incorporate fresh information into the blockchain, and once integrated, the data becomes unchangeable. This transformative technology holds the capacity to reshape numerous industries by fostering trust and diminishing the necessity for intermediaries in both transaction processing and data administration
- 8. How do they work?
- 9. What are the different type of chains The choice of which type of blockchain to use depends on the specific use case and requirements. Public blockchains offer decentralization and security but may have scalability and privacy limitations. Private and consortium blockchains offer more control and privacy but sacrifice some decentralization. The type of blockchain selected will depend on factors such as the need for trust, transparency, scalability, and the intended user base. Public Blockchains Private Blockchains Consortium Blockchains Permissioned Blockchains Hybrid Blockchains Sidechains Federated Blockchains Multi-Chain Systems Non-Blockchain Distributed Ledgers
- 10. What are smart contracts? Smart contracts are self-executing contracts with predefined rules and conditions that automatically execute and enforce the terms of an agreement when certain predefined conditions are met. They are a key feature of blockchain technology, particularly on platforms like Ethereum, which was designed with the explicit purpose of supporting smart contracts. Here are some key characteristics and concepts related to smart contracts: Code-Based Decentralized Execution Automation Transparency Trust
- 11. Decentralization
- 12. How does blockchain enable decentralization? Blockchain technology shifts control and trust away from centralized authorities and intermediaries, distributing it across a network of nodes. This decentralization model offers greater security, transparency, and autonomy, making it particularly suitable for applications where trust, censorship resistance, and transparency are critical, such as cryptocurrencies, smart contracts, and decentralized finance (DeFi).
- 13. How does blockchain enable decentralization? Distributed Ledger: Peer-to-Peer Network: Consensus Mechanisms: Immutable Records: Public Verification: Decentralized Governance: No Single Point of Failure: Permissionless Access: Trustless Transactions: Global Accessibility
- 14. What are the broader impacts of decentralization in civil society? Decentralization can have significant and far-reaching impacts on civil society and various aspects of society as a whole. Here are some of the broader impacts of decentralization: Empowerment of Individuals and Communities Enhanced Civic Engagement Reduced Corruption and Accountability Tailored Solutions Faster Response to Local Issues Promotion of Diversity and Inclusivity Innovation and Experimentation Conflict Resolution Resilience and Sustainability
- 15. Distribution of Ethereum node IP addresses by country
- 16. Cryptocurrency
- 17. What are cryptocurrencies and how do they work? Cryptocurrencies are digital or virtual currencies that use cryptography for security. They operate on a technology called blockchain, which is a distributed and decentralized ledger that records all transactions across a network of computers.
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- 19. What functions do they serve in societies? Cryptocurrencies serve various functions in societies, ranging from financial transactions to enabling new technological innovations. Here are some of the key functions that cryptocurrencies fulfill: Digital Cash Store of Value Remittances Financial Inclusion Micropayments Fundraising and Crowdfunding Smart Contracts Privacy and Security Digital Identity Supply Chain Management Voting Systems Ownership and Provenance Cross-Border Trade Innovation and Research Decentralized Finance (DeFi)
- 21. How do you buy crypto? 1. Choose a Cryptocurrency 2. Select a Cryptocurrency Exchange or Platform 3. Create an Account 4. Secure Your Account 5. Deposit Funds 6. Place an Order 7. Review and Confirm 8. Secure a Wallet 9. Withdraw to a Wallet (Optional) 10. Track Your Investment 11. Secure Your Investments 12. Stay Informed
- 22. How do you sell crypto? 1. Choose a Cryptocurrency Exchange 2. Log In to Your Account 3. Navigate to the Trading Section 4. Select the Cryptocurrency to Sell 5. Choose the Trading Pair 6. Select the Order Type 7. Enter Transaction Details 8. Review and Confirm 9. Verify Your Identity 10. Complete the Sale 11. Receive Funds 12. Withdraw to Your Bank Account or Wallet 13. Secure Your Remaining Holdings 14. Keep Records
- 23. How do you store? Storing cryptocurrencies securely is crucial to protect your digital assets from theft or loss. A cryptocurrency wallet to store your digital assets.
- 24. Secure Your Private Keys: Your private keys are the most critical piece of information when it comes to cryptocurrency security. Keep them secret and secure: a. Never Share Your Private Keys b. Use Strong Passwords c. Enable Two-Factor Authentication (2FA):
- 25. How do you send crypto? Sending cryptocurrencies involves a straightforward process, but it requires precision and adherence to specific steps to ensure a successful and secure transaction. Enter the Recipient's Address Specify the Amount Set the Transaction Fee (if applicable) Include a Memo or Note (if necessary) Review the Transaction Details Confirm and Send
- 26. DApps
- 27. What are protocols? Protocols and dApps (decentralized applications) are two fundamental components of blockchain and decentralized technology ecosystems. They work together to enable various functionalities and use cases in the world of blockchain and cryptocurrencies. Protocols are the foundational rules, standards, and sets of instructions that govern how a blockchain network operates. Well-known blockchain protocols include Bitcoin (BTC) for peer-to-peer digital cash transactions, Ethereum (ETH) for smart contracts and decentralized applications, and various others like Cardano (ADA), Polkadot (DOT), and Solana (SOL).
- 28. What are dApps? Decentralized applications (dApps) are software applications that run on blockchain networks. dApps have a wide range of use cases, including decentralized finance (DeFi), non-fungible tokens (NFTs), gaming, supply chain management, identity verification, and more. Some well-known dApps include Uniswap (a decentralized exchange), CryptoKitties (a collectible NFT game), and Aave (a DeFi lending platform).
- 29. Benefits Decentralized applications (dApps) offer several benefits compared to traditional centralized applications Decentralization: Trustless Transactions: Transparency: Ownership of Data: Global Accessibility: Innovation and Customization: Tokenization: Reduced Costs: Immutable History: Global Collaboration: Community Governance: Resilience:
- 30. Challenges Decentralized applications (dApps) have several challenges and limitations that can impact their adoption and effectiveness. Scalability: User-Friendliness: Low Adoption: Interoperability: Regulatory Uncertainty
- 31. Example of tools being built?
- 32. What programming languages are being used? Solidity: ● Platform: Ethereum ● Use Case: Smart contract development ● Description: Solidity is Ethereum's primary smart contract programming language. It is specifically designed for creating decentralized applications and self-executing contracts. It has gained significant popularity in the Ethereum ecosystem. Rust: ● Platform: Polkadot, Solana ● Use Case: Blockchain development, smart contract development ● Description: Rust is a systems programming language known for its strong memory safety guarantees. It is used in the development of various blockchain platforms and smart contracts, including Polkadot parachains and Solana. C/C++: ● Platform: Bitcoin, Ethereum (client development) ● Use Case: Blockchain development, client implementations ● Description: C and C++ are used for implementing the core clients of blockchain networks like Bitcoin and Ethereum. They provide low-level control and are suitable for performance-critical components.
- 33. What programming languages are being used? JavaScript/TypeScript: ● Platform: Ethereum (dApps), Web3.js, Truffle ● Use Case: Decentralized application development, front-end development, tooling ● Description: JavaScript and TypeScript are commonly used for building user interfaces and web-based applications that interact with Ethereum and other blockchain networks. Web3.js is a JavaScript library for Ethereum interaction, and Truffle is a development framework. Go (Golang): ● Platform: Ethereum (Go-Ethereum client), Hyperledger Fabric ● Use Case: Blockchain development, client implementations ● Description: Go is used for implementing Ethereum's official Go-Ethereum client and is also used in Hyperledger Fabric, a permissioned blockchain platform. Python: ● Platform: Various blockchain platforms (for scripting and tooling) ● Use Case: Blockchain scripting, tooling, data analysis ● Description: Python is used for various tasks in blockchain development, such as scripting, building tools, and performing data analysis. Libraries like Web3.py facilitate interaction with Ethereum.
- 34. What programming languages are being used? Java: ● Platform: Hyperledger Fabric, Corda ● Use Case: Enterprise blockchain development ● Description: Java is used in enterprise blockchain platforms like Hyperledger Fabric and Corda for building smart contracts and applications. LLL (Low-Level Lisp-like Language): ● Platform: Ethereum ● Use Case: Smart contract development (low-level) ● Description: LLL is a low-level language for Ethereum smart contract development. It is less commonly used than Solidity and Vyper but offers more control over contract execution. Simplicity: ● Platform: Bitcoin, Tezos ● Use Case: Smart contract development (Tezos) ● Description: Simplicity is a high-level programming language designed for secure and reliable smart contract development. It is used in the Tezos blockchain.
- 38. THANK YOU! Do you have any questions? Drop us a message at MakerLabs@techsoup.com
- 39. APPENDIX
- 40. DAOs
- 44. Tokens