dynopts helicrafter rotor using cfd and structural analysis
- 2. Abstract • In the work helicrafter rotor is designed with help of solidworks and ANSYS. • The rotor is designed based on the real time condition with reverse engineering approach. • The CFD analysis is performed. The drag, lift and dynamic pressure is calculated. • Structural analysis is performed with help of dynamic pressure from CFD. • The different material are analyzed to find the optimum material.
- 3. Introduction • Helicopters, with their versatility and capability for vertical takeoff and landing, come in various sizes and shapes tailored to specific tasks and payload requirements. • Despite their diversity, most helicopters share common components, with the rotor system standing out as one of the most crucial. The rotor's primary function is to generate lift for the helicopter and its payload while also mitigating drag during forward flight.
- 4. Helicrafter rotor • The helicrafter rotor consists of multiple blades attached to a central hub. These blades are carefully engineered to efficiently capture and manipulate airflow, enabling lift generation and precise control over the aircraft's movement. • The rotor's primary function is to generate lift by creating a pressure differential between the upper and lower surfaces of the blades. This lift force enables the helicrafter to overcome gravity and achieve flight, offering exceptional maneuverability and operational flexibility.
- 5. Aerodynamic forces • Lift: Lift is the force generated perpendicular to the direction of airflow. It primarily arises from pressure differences between the upper and lower surfaces of the rotor blades. Higher pressure on the lower surface and lower pressure on the upper surface result in lift, enabling the helicrafter to overcome gravity and achieve flight. • Drag: Drag is the resistance force acting opposite to the direction of motion. It's caused by the interaction between the rotor blades and the surrounding air.
- 6. CFD • CFD is a powerful computational tool used to analyze and predict fluid flow behaviors in complex systems. • CFD involves dividing the fluid domain into discrete cells and solving governing equations numerically. These equations describe the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy, allowing for the simulation of fluid flow and heat transfer phenomena.
- 7. Aim and objectives • The Aim of the project is to design a helicrafter rotor that embodies superior strength and exceptional aerodynamic performance. • Objectives • Creating the 3D model of the helicrafter rotor involves utilizing CAD • Performing Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis on the wind involves simulating the airflow around the helicrafter rotor using specialized software like ANSYS Fluent. • Conducting a coupled field analysis involves integrating structural finite element analysis (FEA) with CFD results to assess the structural deformation of the rotor under aerodynamic loads. • Analyzing materials for the optimum material of the rotor blade involves evaluating various material properties, such as strength, stiffness.
- 8. Solidworks • SolidWorks is a leading 3D CAD (Computer- Aided Design) software used for mechanical design, simulation, and product development. • SolidWorks offers a comprehensive set of tools for creating 3D models of mechanical parts and assemblies. Users can sketch, extrude, revolve, and loft features to generate complex geometries with ease.
- 9. helicrafter rotor in solidworks.
- 10. Methodology • Geometry Preparation: Create a detailed 3D model of the rotor geometry, including blades, hub, and surrounding components, using CAD software like SolidWorks. • Mesh Generation: Divide the rotor geometry into small computational cells using meshing software. Ensure appropriate mesh refinement near critical areas such as blade tips and leading edges for accurate simulation results. • Boundary Conditions: Define boundary conditions including inlet velocity, rotational speed, and environmental conditions such as air density and temperature. • Turbulence Modeling: Select a suitable turbulence model to capture turbulent flow phenomena around the rotor blades. • Solver Configuration: Set up the CFD solver with appropriate settings for solving the governing equations of fluid flow, such as the Navier-Stokes equations. Choose numerical schemes and convergence criteria for stable and accurate simulations. • Simulation Run: Execute the CFD simulation to compute the flow field around the rotor. Monitor convergence and assess solution quality during the simulation run. • Post-processing: Analyze simulation results to visualize flow characteristics such as velocity distribution, pressure contours, and streamlines. Evaluate aerodynamic performance metrics such as lift, drag, and efficiency.
- 11. Domain of the Geometry Meshing boundary conditions.
- 12. Aerodynamic pressure on the rotor. Stream line distribution around rotor.
- 13. Finite element methods • The Finite Element Method is a versatile numerical technique widely used in engineering for analyzing and solving complex structural, mechanical, and thermal problems. It provides valuable insights into the behavior of structures under various loading conditions, aiding in the design, optimization, and validation of engineering systems.
- 14. Ansys software • ANSYS offers a comprehensive suite of simulation tools for multiphysics analysis, including structural mechanics, fluid dynamics, electromagnetics, and thermal analysis. Users can simulate complex interactions between different physical phenomena within a single environment.
- 15. Pressure imported into structural analysis. deformation stresses on Rotor strain on rotor
- 16. Results and discussion 0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 AL 7039 AL 6061 AL 7075 Deformation in mm Materials
- 17. Results and discussion 273 274 275 276 277 278 279 280 281 282 AL 7039 AL 6061 AL 7075 Stress on rotor in M.Pa Materials
- 18. Results and discussion 0.004 0.0041 0.0042 0.0043 0.0044 0.0045 0.0046 0.0047 0.0048 0.0049 AL 7039 AL 6061 AL 7075 Strain Materials
- 19. Conclusion • Modeling Phase: Utilize SolidWorks for helicrafter rotor modeling, leveraging its robust CAD capabilities. • Import to ANSYS CFD: Transfer the meticulously crafted rotor model from SolidWorks to ANSYS CFD for fluid flow analysis. • Aerodynamic Analysis: ANSYS CFD simulates fluid flow and aerodynamic forces on rotor blades at 350 RPM, crucial for performance evaluation. • Structural Analysis: Conduct structural analysis in ANSYS, considering hydrodynamic pressure and gravity loads. • Material Selection: Evaluate rotor blade materials (AL7075, AL6061, AL7039) based on deformation, stress, and strain criteria. • Optimization: AL6061 emerges as the preferred material, offering superior performance characteristics.
- 20. References • 1. Leishman, J. Gordon. "Principles of Helicopter Aerodynamics." Cambridge Aerospace Series, 18. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006. ISBN 978-0-521-85860-1. pp. 7-9. Web extract. • 2. Gustave de Pontond'Amécourt. "Taking Flight: Inventing the Aerial Age, from Antiquity through First World War." Oxford University Press, 8 May 2003. pp. 22–23. ISBN 978-0-19-516035-2. • 3. Joseph Needham (1965). "Science and Civilisation in China: Physics and Physical Technology, Mechanical Engineering Volume 4, Part 2." Pages 583-587. • 4. Anderson, John D. "Inventing Flight: The Wright Brothers & Their Predecessors." JHU Press, 2004. p. 35. ISBN 978-0-8018-6875-7. • 5. Savine, Alexandre. "Tsagi 1-EA." ctrl-c.liu.se, 24 March 1997. Retrieved 12 December 2010.