Proof collection from car black box using smart phone for accident detection

Divyashree K et al. Int. Journal of Engineering Research and Applications www.ijera.com
ISSN : 2248-9622, Vol. 5, Issue 5, ( Part -5) May 2015, pp.16-20
www.ijera.com 16 | P a g e
Proof collection from car black box using smart phone for
accident detection
Divyashree K1
, Likhithesh M D2
, Arpitha M3
,MadanRaj K S4
,Raghu S5
,Vinay
Kumar S B6
1, 2, 3, 4, 5
(Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Sampoorna Institute of Technology and
Research, Channapatna)
6
(Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology, Jain
University, Bangalore)
ABSTRACT
According to the WHO, more than a million people in the world die each year because of vehicle accidents. In
order to react to this situation, the black box concept is used as first step to solve the problem[1]. In order to
overcome from this problem, in this paper we are trying to implement the concept of “black box” in the car. Car
black box is a device used to record the information’s such as engine temperature, presence of obstacle, alcohol
content and exact location of the accident about the vehicle. Along with this we are using smartphone to get the
snap shots which are related to accidents and finally send this information along with the snaps to police sever.
Keywords – Black box, GSM, P89V51RD2 microcontroller, Smartphone, Accident
I. INTRODUCTION
According to the World Health Organization,
more than a millions of people in the world die each
year because of transportation-related accidents [1].In
order to solve these problem black box concept was
introduced, which records the engine temperature,
front & back obstacle conditions. Like flight data
recorders in aircraft, ”black box” technology now
plays a very important role in the motor vehicle crash
investigation.[4]A significant no of vehicles currently
on the roads contains the smartphone, car black box
& GPS, which records the information in the event of
a crash. That is why it is so important to have the
black box in the car which records the information
before, during &after a crash. This system mainly
consists of 2 section. In first section it collects &
detects all the information contained in the black
box[4]. In second section by using smartphone it
takes the critical snapshots related to accidents &
send this snaps to the police server in a simplified
way. In order to implement the first section many
components & the various types of sensors are used.
While the second section was implementing by using
the embedded C programming. Embedded C
programming not only helps in recording the data but
also helps in retrieving the data from Micro
Controller memory to an LCD which is used to
display the output. Each smart phone is installed with
special software which we developed. Besides, in
order to communicate with police station server, a
driver needs to have a user ID & Password which are
already present in smart phone. Car black box is a
digital electronic device which records the
information about the Engine temperature, GPS
location identifier, slot sensor, front & back obstacle
& motor mobility. GPS & GSM works together in
ensuring vehicle safety. It is programmed in such a
way that whenever the collision occurs the location
of vehicle is sent to registered telephone number
through GSM & all the sent details can be used to
locate the vehicle using google map.
II. SYSTEM DESCRIPTION
Fig 1: Black diagram of car black box
Block diagram in our proposed system is shown
in Fig1. Black box contains the alcohol sensor,
temperature sensor, front and back IR sensors, GSM
& 16x2 LCD [7]. It detects the engine temperature,
location (GPS), obstacle presences & alcoholic
content. The outputs of these parameters are
displayed on the LCD. The system developed also
RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS

has the facility of taking snap shots during the
accident using smartphone which could be vital for
post-crash analysis. This collected information’s
along with the snaps are send to the police server
through the internet. GPS tracking system developed
in this paper helps to track the vehicle in case of
accident and enables authorities to extend immediate
emergency medical service [2,3,9].
III. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION AND DESIGN
A. P89V51RD2 Microcontroller
The system uses 8051 based Philips P89V51RD2
microcontroller as a master controller [5].
FEATURES
 80C51 CPU with 5V operating voltage from 0
to 40 MHz
 64 kB of on-chip flash user code memory with
ISP and IAP.
 SPI and enhanced UART.
 Four 8-bit I/O ports with three high-current port
1 pin.
 Three 16-bit timers/counters.
 Programmable watchdog timer.
 Eight interrupt sources with four priority levels.
 Second DPTR register
 Low power modes
B. Temperature Sensor
Engine temperature is the important parameter in
control unit, if this value goes to abnormal, some
unwanted gases exhaust from vehicles due to
improper combustion. In this paper, to obtain the
vehicle engine temperature, we used LM35 as
temperature sensor. It continuously senses the engine
temperature and fed to the microcontroller. It
converts temperature value into electrical signals. It
is rated to operate over a -55 to +150°C temperature
range [1].
C. Alcohol Sensor
In this paper, we use MQ-3 as alcohol sensor to
detect the alcohol content. It is high sensitive to
alcohol, simple drive circuit, stable and long life. If
driver has drunk, then alcohol sensor sends signal to
microcontroller. The output of MQ-3 is given to
microcontroller and message is displayed on LCD[1].
D. GSM Module
GSM used in ensuring vehicle safety. It is
programmed in such a way that whenever the
collision occurs the location of vehicle is sent to
registered telephone number through GSM & all the
sent details can be used to locate the vehicle using
Google map[8].
E. LCD Display
A liquid crystal display (LCD) is a flat panel display,
electronic visual display, based on Liquid Crystal
Technology. It is a thin, flat display device made up
of any number of colour or monochrome pixels
arrayed in front of a light source or reflector. In this
paper we are using 16×2 LCD [7]. It receives the
collected information’s which are stored in the
microcontroller and displays these messages. It uses
very small amounts of electric power.
F. Slot Sensor
This sensor is used to give the information about
whether the seat belt is weared or not. This is a
Optoelectronic device. It can act as a opt isolator. The
IR diode in the left portion keeps emitting IR rays.
The opt transistor keeps sensing these rays. The
Centre portion is a slot into which a thin obstacle can
pass for ex., a RFID card. Once an obstacle is
detected the input to optical transistor is blocked.
G. IR Sensor
IR sensor is used to detect the obstacle on the vehicle
travelling path. If any obstacle detected in the vehicle
travelling path a warning message will be displayed
on the LCD. For example If obstacle detected on
front side of the vehicle message will be displayed on
the LCD as “FRONT SIDE OBJECT FOUND” or
“FRONT=1”
H. Power Supply
As per this paper design, a 5V regulated power
supply is required. All the modules are selected to
work with 5V supply. LM317 adjustable regulator is
used generate 5V regulated power supply. A 12V, 2A
SMPS AC-DC adaptor is used as an external power
supply. To operate the paper the male socket to the
adaptor is connected to the DC jack present on the
microcontroller board. Our microcontroller power
supply section is so generalized, we can use step-
down transformer or DC adaptor to power ON the
board.
IV. Functional description
Fig 2: Functional description of proposed system

When accident occurs the microcontroller gets
activated and starts collecting the information such as
temperature, presence of obstacle, alcohol content
respectively from the sensors. This collected
information is displayed and is sent to the police
server through mail. By using this information police
can easily know the accident spot and they get the
correct proofs for the accident to provide justice.
V. Experimental Results
The paper has both software and hardware
implementation. The intermediate results for both are
explained in this paper. As the project aims at design
and development of “Car black box using smart
phone”, the results are shown accordingly.
Whenever the power is switched on, a display
appears as “WELCOME” and “GSM INITIALIZED.
And the vehicle starts moving.
Fig 3: System shows the start of vehicle
If vehicle meet with an accident a message will
be displayed on LCD as “accident occurred”
Fig 4: system showing accident occurred and vehicle
stopped
The other parameters such as temperature,
alcohol, seat belt are continuously sensed by
respective sensors and are displayed on the LCD as
“T= , SEAT= , RR= , FR= , GS= “
Fig 5: System showing the various parameters
In case of collision occurred a message is received by
registered number from the GSM
Fig 6: The messages received from GSM
The complete system of vehicle black box is
as shown in the fig 7
Fig 7: model of the black box
VI. CONCLUSION
This paper attempted to equip automobiles with
“Black Box’ kind of equipment which aids driver for
safe driving, ensures vehicle safety, help in locating
vehicle in case of accidents and useful information
for post-crash analysis. This paper used different
sensors like temperature sensor, alcohol sensor, slot
sensor and IR sensor to ensure safety of the vehicle.
The obstacle detection mechanism enables and
guides the driver for safe driving. The data collected

using the above sensors are also useful in the post-
accident analysis. The system developed also has
video recording using webcam which could be vital
for post-crash analysis. GPS tracking system
developed in this paper helps to track the vehicle in
case of accident and enables authorities to extend
immediate emergency medical service. Measuring
tyre pressure, Speed of the vehicle, Improved break
failure condition using multiple sensor, Sleep alarm
indicator, Video processing for panic and accelerity.
Options can be provided as a part of future
enhancements.
Acknowledgements
I will be grateful to Mr. Vinay Kumar S B, Asst.
prof. ECE Dept. School of engineering and
technology, Jain University for all the support and
help rendered. I express deep sense of gratitude to
our respected parents for providing the inspiration
required to the completion of paper.
REFERENCES
[1]. Mr. Ramchandra Patil and Mr. Shivaraj
Hublikar , Design and Implementation of
Car Black Box with Collision Avoidance
System using ARM, International Journal of
Innovative Technology and Exploring
Engineering (IJITEE) ISSN: 2278-3075,
Volume-4, Issue-3, August 2014.
[2]. P. Ajay Kumar Reddy , P.Dileep Kumar , K.
Bhaskar reddy, E.Venkataramana ,
M.Chandra sekhar Reddy, BLACK BOX
FOR VEHICLES, International Journal of
Engineering Inventions ISSN: 2278-7461,
www.ijeijournal.com Volume 1, Issue
7(October2012) PP: 06-12
[3]. Soundarraj.V, Rajasekar.L, Design of Car
Black Box Based on ARM, International
Journal of Microsystems Technology and Its
Applications (IJMTA) Vol-1, No-2 January-
2013.
[4]. Dheeraj Pawar, Pushpak Poddar, Car Black
Box with Speed Control in Desired Areas for
Collision Avoidance, Engineering,
Technology & Applied Science Research,
Vol. 2, No. 5, 2012, 281-284.
[5]. Muhammad Ali Mazidi & Janice Gillispie
Mazidi, The 8051 Microcontroller and
embedded systems, 6th edition, Pearson
Education.
[6]. Embedded System Design, Frank Vahid and
Tony Givargis, John Wiley
[7]. LCD Display- 16 X2 LCD Data Sheet
[8]. Fleischer ,PaulBenjamin,Nelson,Atso Yao,
Sowah,RobertAdjetey ;Bremang, Appah
Design and Development of GPS/GSM
Based Vehicle Tracking and Alert System for
commercial Inter-City Buses.
[9] Murugandhan and P.R.Mukesh (2010) Real
Time Web Based Vehicle Tracking Using
GPS world Academy of Science
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Author’s information
Divyashree K is a student in the dept. of
ECE, Sampoorna Institute of Technology And
Research, VTU Belgaum. She will be obtaining her
bachelor degree in 2015.Her area of interest of
includes VLSI, Real time embedded system, DSP
Likhithesh M D is a student in the dept.
of ECE, Sampoorna Institute of Technology And
Research, VTU Belgaum. He will be obtaining his
bachelor degree in 2015.His area of interest of
includes VLSI, Real time embedded system, DSP
Arpitha M is a student in the dept. of
Research, VTU Belgaum. She will be obtaining her
bachelor degree in 2015.Her area of interest of
includes VLSI, Real time embedded system, DSP.
Madanraj K S is a student in the dept. of
Research, VTU Belgaum. He will be obtaining his

bachelor degree in 2015.His area of interest of
includes VLSI, Real time embedded system.
Mr Raghu S is an Assistant Professor
in the Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, sampoorna institute of
technology and research , VTU Belgaum. He
obtained his Bachelor degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from global academic
technology, Bangalore,in 2009, Visvesvaraya
Technological University, Belgaum and Master
degree in digital electronics and communication
system from malnad college of engineering, Hassan,
in 2013,VTU Belgaum. His areas of interest of
include antenna based communication.
Mr Vinay Kumar S.B is an Assistant
Professor in the Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering, School of Engineering
and Technology, Jain University, Bangalore. He
obtained his Bachelor degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from Coorg Institute of
Technology, ponnampet in 2009, Visvesvaraya
Technological University, Belgaum and Master
degree (M.tech) in Signal processing and VLSI, Jain
University, Bangalore. He is pursuing Ph.D. in
Electronics and Communication Engineering, Jain
University, Bangalore. My research interest includes
VLSI, Reverse logic, DSP and Embedded Systems.
He has altogether 5 international journals to his credit
and also he presented 1 international conference and
8 technical papers in national conference. He has
altogether 2 sponsored projects funded by KSCST
(Karnatake State Council for Science &
Technology),IISc, Bangalore.

Proof collection from car black box using smart phone for accident detection

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