E_commerce-Module 3.pptE_commerce-Module 3.ppt

Amity Institute of Information
Technology
E-Commerce
Infrastructure
framework

Technology

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Terms related to Internet Technology
• Transmission Control Protocol/internet Protocol
(TCP/IP): the core communications protocol for the Internet.
Specifies how information is exchanged over Internet.
1) TCP- defines how applications can create channels of
communication across a network. Also manages assembly
of small packets before transmission and reassembly at
destination.
2) IP- defines address and routes packets so it reaches the
right destination.
• Some other utility protocols: http, ftp, IMAP etc.

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• DNS- Domain Name System is used to resolve human-
readable hostnames into machine-readable IP addresses.
E.g. type Amazon.com into a web browser, a server maps
name to IP address 206.19.49.149.
• URL- Uniform Resource Locator the address used by a Web
browser to identify the location of content on the Web.
identifier: URL http://example.com, the protocol identifier
is http.
2) Resource name: http://example.com, the resource name
is example.com

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• Client-Server Model- is a computing model in which
client and server computers communicate with each
other over a network. Server takes requests from client
computers and shares its resources or data with client
computers.
 E-commerce is based on Client-server model .
 Customer = client, Business = server

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• Search Engine- It is a software system that is designed to search
for information on the World Wide Web. The search results are
generally presented in a line of results often referred to as search
engine result pages (SERPs).
• Every search engine including:
1) crawling (content discovery)
2) Indexing (data analysis and storage)
3) data retrieval
4) display SERPs
• E-commerce websites should use Search Engine Optimization
(SEO) to increase their website’s visibility and online traffic.
• E-commerce websites generally also provide internal search
engines in their websites (key feature).

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Web 2.0 Features
and Services
Social in nature because it supports communication of individuals
within social networks.
•Blog- personal Web page that is created by an individual or
corporation to communicate with readers.
•Podcast- an audio presentation such as a radio show, personal
audio posted to the Web.
•Internet Telephony- a general term for the technologies that use
VoIP to transmit voice and other forms of audio communication over
the Internet
•Video Conferencing
•Intelligent agent (bot)- software that assists you, or acts on your
behalf, in performing repetitive computer-related tasks. Types (4)-
Buyer bots, personal bots, predictive bots, data mining bots

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What is Information Superhighway?
Information Superhighway also known as I-Way is a high-capacity,
interactive electronic pipeline providing integrated services.
It is very much a physical network, an infrastructure of modern high-
speed links.

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Components of I-Way

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Public Policy issues shaping the I-
Way
• Cost
• Subsidies
• Allocation of Scarce Resources
• Regulation
• Universal Access
• Information Policy Issues
• Social and Religious Barriers

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Mobile Banking
Mobile banking is the act of doing financial transactions on a
mobile device (cell phone, tablet, etc.). This activity can be as
simple as a bank sending fraud or usage activity to a client’s
cell phone or as complex as a client paying bills or sending
money abroad. Advantages to mobile banking include the
ability to bank anywhere and at any time. Disadvantages
include security concerns and a limited range of capabilities
when compared to banking in person or on a computer.

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Types of E- banking services
includes:
• Automated Teller Machines (ATMs)
• Phone banking
• Smart Cards
• Internet banking
• Debit card
• Credit card
• Electronic Bill Payment
• Direct Deposit

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Advantages of E- banking for customers :
• Statement of current account, credits, overdrafts and your deposits
• Execution of national and international transfers.
• Execution of all types of utility bill payments (electricity, water supply, telephone
bills, etc.)
• Carrying out internet payments
• Electronic confirmation for all transactions executed by E-banking
• Management of your credit cards
• Check balances
• Transfer fund
• Open new accounts
• Update your address
• Download statements
• Apply for demand drafts
• Avoid going to an actual bank.

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•Price- Bank can save money by not paying for managing branches.
Plus, it's cheaper to make transactions over the Internet.
•Customer Base- The Internet allows banks to reach a whole new market
because there are no geographic boundaries with the Internet.
•Efficiency- Banks can become more efficient than they already are, by
providing Internet access for their customers. The Internet provides the
bank with an almost paper less system.
•Customer Service and Satisfaction- The person does not have to go to
a branch where that service may or may not be offer. With more better
and faster options a bank will surly be able to create better customer
relations and satisfaction.
Advantages of E- banking for Banks :

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• Need an account with an Internet recent account activity Service
Provider (ISP)
• Security concerns, like ‘hackers’ accessing your bank accounts
• Must have basic computer skills and internet knowledge
• Start-up cost
• Training & maintenance
• Online Banking Frauds
Disadvantages of E- banking for Banks :

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Traditional Banking Vs E-banking
(a) Traditional Banking
In traditional banking system, a customer can open any bank account in banks, take the facility of
saving his money by depositing money in local bank. He can withdraw his money through check,
counter payment and through bank draft. He can meet the bank manager and ask his problem. He
can take the physical help for getting loan from bank.
(b) E-banking
E-banking means Internet banking or modern banking. In this method, customer gets his bank
account ID and password and he can check his account, pay his bill and print his receipt through his
home personal computer which is connected with Internet. In other words, e-banking is electronic
banking whose facility, you can take through your regular Internet connect.

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E-
trading

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What is e-trading?
Electronic or script less trading, also called e-trading or paperless trading is
a method of trading securities (such as stocks, and bonds)foreign exchange
electronically. Information technology is used to bring together buyers and
sellers through an electronic trading platform and network to create virtual
market places.
For many years stock exchanges were physical locations where buyers and
sellers met and negotiated. Exchange trading would typically happen on the
floor of an exchange, where traders in brightly coloured jackets (to identify
which firm they worked for) would shout and gesticulate at one another – a
process known as open outcry or pit trading.

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Trading in the financial markets can broadly be split into two
groups:
Business-to-business (B2B) trading, often conducted on
exchanges, where large investment banks and brokers trade
directly with one another, transacting large amounts of securities,
and
Business-to-consumer (B2C) trading, where retail (e.g.
individuals buying and selling relatively small amounts of stocks
and shares) and institutional clients (e.g. fund managers or
insurance companies, trading far larger amounts of securities)
buy and sell from brokers or "dealers", who act as middle-men
between the clients and the B2B markets.

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TRADITIONAL Vs E-TRADING
How Does E-Trading Work?
With e-trading, there is no need for a intermediary or agent.
Stock brokerage firms nowadays offer e-trading platforms
of their own where their customers can look at charts and
stock stickers and place buy and sell orders with a click of a
button.

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How Does Conventional Trading Work?
The conventional way of placing a buy or sell order is
to call up your agent and tell them which stock you
would like to buy or sell. Your agent would then
proceed to execute the order for you. All phone
conversations between you and your agent would be
recorded as proof of the buy or sell order that you’ve
given them.

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Advantages of e-trading
The major advantages to the person doing the trading are:
1. Reduced cost -By automating the process as possible costs are
brought down
2. The convenience of being able to trade anywhere in the world with
internet.
3. Access to a wide variety of information on a number of sites these
sites provide a considerable amount of information. The reduction in
margins available to stockbrokers as a result of internet trading is
beginning to have an effect on other more traditional forms of broke.

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4. Greater liquidity – electronic systems make it easier to allow different companies to
trade with one another, no matter where they are located. This leads to greater
liquidity (i.e. there are more buyers and sellers) which increases the efficiency of the
markets.

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Advertising and marketing on
internet

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1. Produce Original Content
The first step in setting up an ecommerce website is creating the content for it. Creating high-quality
and original content will set you up for success because it will resonate with your customers in a way
that makes them want to interact with you, purchase from you, and maintain a following.
Be creative. Be original.
2. Optimize your website layout
After launching your e-commerce site, it’s important to test your website’s layout, language, and
placement of conversion elements. When customers visit your website, you want to make sure it’s
Essential Marketing Strategies

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3. Social Media Marketing
Social media marketing is a very powerful
tool that allows you to communicate with
your industry, customers, and market in a
personal way. You can utilize social media
to generate engagement and interaction,
Contd.

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1. Display Ads
The original form of online advertising, these are visual ads that appear on third party websites
(usually ones that are related to your content or service in some way).
2. Social Media Ads
Advertising

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4. Email Marketing
Hanging out with Display Ads back near the start of online
advertising, Email Marketing is a cheaper, faster and effective
form of advertising.
It’s a great way to build customer loyalty and boost sales.
And many more..

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Tracking customer
Customer tracking is the process of gathering and organizing information
related to customer activities. An example of customer tracking is the
gathering of click through information for customers as they navigate through
a web page or a series of web sites.

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Ways to track customer
• Customer Feedback Surveys.
• E-mail
• Usability tests
• Customer conversation
• Website Feedback Boxes
• Social media
• Website analytics
• Focus groups

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1.Customer Feedback Surveys
the easiest way of all to track customer satisfaction is through the online survey
Create a succinct, three-five question survey to send to your customers. Don’t ask
leading, loaded or biased questions and include an open-ended question or two as
well.
2. E-MAIL
Tracking customer satisfaction through email is a valuable way to monitor your
customer satisfaction rates.
When sending email, be personal and to the point. Don’t ask too much and use
open-ended questions to elicit a response.

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3. Usability tests
Usability tests are terrific because you have a captive
audience trying out your product or service. They are
dedicated to giving your test their all, and they are willing
to be serious about providing feedback.
For example : Just imagine that you developed a new iPhone
accessory, and you give it to 50 people to try for a month.
4. Customer Conversation
Understanding your customers and their wants and needs is done
easily when it’s done face-to-face.
When you conduct personal interviews in conjunction with your ,
you’ll end up with a wealth of information. electronic customer
surveys.

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5. Website feedback boxes
Grab your customers while you are top of mind. For example, if
you want to know what they thought of your checkout process,
put a feedback box on your shopping cart page.
Offering customers a quick chance to let you know how they feel
is a great way to catch minor problems before they get
broadcast all over social media.
6. Social Media
Google Alerts – set these, and for free Google notifies you
when your brand has been mentioned online.
Social mention – this free tool analyzes your social
mentions and shows your range of influence, your ratio
of positive to negative mentions and much more.

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7. Website Analytics
By checking your analytics, you can glean what part of your website gets the
most traffic, when and how often. You can also get a good look at user
behavior while visitors are on your website.
Using your analytics is a passive way to track customer satisfaction as it doesn’t
directly involve their input, but it’s still a good way to gauge customer traffic
on your website.
8. Focus Groups
Finally, one last way to track customer satisfaction is through focus groups.
These are an excellent and relaxed way to talk to your customers.
Getting a group of people together encourages interaction and discussion. They
might even provide some ideas for moving forward.

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Changing roles of Institutions: universities
and colleges
There has been considerable - and ongoing - changes in higher education
in recent years and the landscape is constantly evolving. This is being
driven by many factors: the economic and social imperatives are calling for
higher levels of skills, the student body is becoming more diverse, people
are continuing to study throughout their working life and there is a growing
desire for more flexible study opportunities. Furthermore, as digital
technologies become ubiquitous, there is an emergent expectation from
society for easier access, better quality, more flexible approaches and
greater online opportunities in higher education provision.

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I
m
p
o
r
t
a
n
t
T
e
r
m
• 1. e-learning
e-learning can refer to the situation where the interaction between the students
and the teacher is done online. Basically, the students receive the training and
are taught through an online medium, even though the teacher may be in the
same building with them. It is simply students’ and teacher’s choice for
instruction.
• 2. Online learning
In online learning, the key element is the use of internet and is described as the
learning experience that is realised with the use of some technology. Online
learning can encompass both e-learning and blended learning, as it generally
refers to the idea of using online tools for learning.

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• 3. Distance learning
Although distance learning is understood and is often used as a synonym of the online
learning term, it was initially introduced in order to attract students from all over the world.
Universities are offering distance learning degrees dedicated to everyone, as long as they
meet entry requirements and qualifications. So it became possible for students from
Europe for instance, to easily attend an American college without the need to travel.
• 4. Blended learning
Blended learning is a combination of learning at a distance and the traditional on-site learning
(in a class-room). Basically, students will have a (more or less) fixed schedule where they
will have to attend a part of the classes at the educational institution and for the rest, they
can make their own schedule, attend the rest of the classes and do their coursework and
assignments online.
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Technological components of education on demand
The primary technological component of education on-demand is electronic
publishing. Electronic publishing can be categorized broadly into four major
classifications:
1.Online full-text publishing: uses various on-line databases for storage and
distribution of information on-demand to consumers. Examples of this
type of publishing includes bibliographic databases seen in libraries, online
line public databases, and news on-demand.
2.CD-ROM publishing: uses a variety of compact disc repository media such
as CD-interactive (CD-I), CD-read-only memory (CD-ROM), and CD-R
(recordable CD5) for storage and distribution of specialized information
such as books, encyclopaedias, games, and other forms of education and
entertainment

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3.Video is another emerging area of electronic
publishing. This technology involves the use of
video cameras, camcorders.

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Five Click Transaction

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Personalization

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Merchandising

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Checkout
* Keep it simple
* Pre-Fills
* Security Links
* Secure Payment Gateway
* Multiple Payment options
* Order Tracking

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