Early intervention- an Introduction
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The document discusses early intervention for children with disabilities or developmental delays. It provides definitions of early intervention, outlines its history and legislation. Key points include: - Early intervention aims to support children's growth and development and assist families of children from birth to age 3 with delays or disabilities. - Milestones from birth to 3 years show progression in physical, cognitive, communication and other skills. - The process involves referral, evaluation, developing an Individualized Family Services Plan (IFSP) and providing ongoing services like speech therapy in natural environments. - Benefits include improved IQ, behaviors, and relationships, as well as decreased need for future special education services. Challenges include access to care and ensuring inclusion of children
Early intervention- an Introduction
- 2. University of Management & Technology Early Intervention M.Phil. Special Education
- 3. Group Introduction M.PHIL. Special Education (1st semester) Ahmed Bilal Group Member Hina Adil Group Member Fatima Mohsin Group Member Mohsin Asif Group Member
- 4. Agenda 1 2 3 4 5 Definition of Early Intervention Purpose of Early Intervention Early intervention History Milestones birth to three Early intervention law and legislation
- 5. Agenda 6 7 8 9 10 Components of early intervention Types of early intervention Process of early intervention Articles of early intervention & New lies of research Issues in processing in early interventions
- 6. Definition of Early Intervention Early intervention is the process of providing services, education and support to young children who have developmental delays or disabilities. Early intervention is a system of coordinated services that promotes the child's age-appropriate growth and development and supports families during the critical early years.
- 7. Early intervention History:- In 1986, Congress established the program of early intervention for infants and toddlers with disabilities in recognition of “an urgent and substantial need” to: • minimize their potential for developmental delay. • reduce the educational costs to society, including Nation’s schools, by minimizing the need for special education and related services at school age. • maximize the potential for their independent living in society. • enhance the capacity of families to meet the special needs of their infants and toddlers with handicaps. In the 1990s, many states in the US put into place a program where the child's pediatrician can recommend a child for early childhood intervention screening. These services are usually provided free of charge through the local school district or county, depending on the state.
- 8. • 1968, Handicapped children’s Early education Assistance Act set up model program to demonstrate how early intervention could work. • 1986, PL 99-457 extended mandated services for children with disabilities from birth to age 6 • 2004, IDEA Part C addresses the needs of children from birth to 2 • IDEA Part B addresses children from 3 to 6 Legislation on Early Intervention
- 9. Early intervention legislation In Pakistan National disable policy 2002:- Area of focus & Special Attention Prevention Detection intervention counseling Genetic Counseling Family Guidance
- 10. Lessen the effects of the disability or delay. To identify and meet a child's needs in five developmental areas: Physical development Cognitive development Communication Social or Emotional development Adaptive development. Purpose of early intervention:
- 11. Milestones birth to three:- At age one month most children can: • Raise their heads slightly when lying on their stomachs • Briefly watch objects • Pull away from a blanket on their face At age three months most children can: • Lift their heads and chest while lying on their stomachs • Make cooing sounds • Follow a moving person with their eyes • Smile back at someone
- 12. Milestones birth to three:- At age six months most children can: • Sit with minimal support • Roll from their back to their stomach • Respond to their name by looking At age 12 months most children can: • Pull themselves up to stand and take steps with hands held • Follow with their eyes in the direction that you are pointing • Start a game of peek-a-boo, imitate clapping hands, point to show you something • Say two or three words on a regular basis • Sit up when prompted
- 13. Milestones birth to three:- At age 18 months most children can: • Walk backwards • Walk down stairs holding an adult's hand • Use words and gestures (like taking you by the hand) to get needs met • Perform simple pretend play like talking on the phone, feeding a stuffed animal
- 14. Milestones birth to three:- At age 24 months most children can: • Kick a large ball • Describe an injury or illness to an adult (bumped my head) • Show interest in other children by offering them a toy or taking their hand At age 32 months most children can: • Pretend to be an animal or favorite character • Talk about the past/future • Answer "what", "where", and "who" questions easily • Imitate drawing a horizontal line after being shown • Hold a crayon with 3 fingers.
- 15. Timeframes for all this Within 45 days, the early intervention system must complete the critical steps discussed thus far: screening (if used in the state), initial evaluation of the child, initial assessments of the child and family, and writing the IFSP (if the child has been found eligible). That’s a tall order, but important, given how quickly children grow and change. When a baby or toddler has developmental issues, they need to be addressed as soon as possible. So—45 days, that’s the timeframe from referral to completion of the IFSP for an eligible child.
- 17. Process of Early Intervention Parents & Families Referral Initial services coordinator IFSP Review(every 6 Month) On-Going service coordinator Evaluation Early intervention services Transition IFSP Meeting
- 18. Infants/ Toddlers • Lead agency: Agency appointed by governor • Transitioning: to preschool program • Orientation: family, parent/ infant interaction • Law: Part C, IDEA • Age: birth to 2 • Plan: IFSP Preschoolers • Lead agency: State education agency • Transitioning: to general and special program • Orientation: developmental, cognitive learning of child • Law: Part B, IDEA • Age: 3 to 5 • Plan: IFSP and IEP Key points of process
- 19. • Can provide both intermediate and long terms benefits. • Mandatory preschool for children with disabilities. • State that receive early intervention funds must serve all infants and toddlers. • State must serve all infants and toddlers who are identified as at risk. The Importance of Early Intervention
- 20. The-5 Component Model for Early Intervention in Natural Environment
- 21. Services provisions of IFSP and IEP Individualized Family Services Plan • A written plan for providing early intervention services to an eligible child and his family. • Birth through age 3. • Is inclusive of the family’s needs. • Services provided in natural environment. • Families are assigned a service coordinator. • Generally reviewed every 6 months. • IFSP team makes decisions. • Governed under the Part C of IDEA. Individualized Educational Plan • A written plan for providing special education and related services to a child with a disability covered under the IDEA. • Age 3 to 21 • Focuses on the child’s needs. • Services provided at school. • No service coordinator. • Generally reviewed per year. • IEP team makes decisions. • Governed under the Part B of IDEA.
- 22. IFSP Services A child who qualifies may receive one or more of these services: Speech and language therapy Physical or occupational therapy Psychological services Home visits Medical, nursing, or nutrition services
- 23. IFSP Services…. Hearing (audiology) or vision services Social work services Transportation Assistive technology Special education and related services
- 24. IFSP Services…. Extended school year programs/services Supplementary aids and modifications of supports for the student Assistive devices and supports needed Program modifications or supports for school personnel that will be provided Individual testing modifications
- 25. General role of service providers of early intervention • Consulting with parents, other services providers and representatives of community agencies • Training parents and others regarding the provision of early childhood special education services • Participating in the multidisciplinary team assessment of the child (and family in Part C) and in the development of integrated goals and outcomes of IFSP and IEP
- 26. Benefits of Early Intervention
- 27. Benefits of Children with disabilities and developmental delay 1. Increase IQ, Communication and Social Interaction 2. Decrease problematic behaviors from becoming a habit 3. Develop meaningful and lasting relationships 4. Gain essential social skills and thrive in society
- 28. • Early referrals/ wait and see • Assistance with referral to specialty care • Waiting for diagnostic appointments • Coordination • Early Intervention • Early Childhood • Medical Challenges in Early Intervention
- 29. • Parents in denial or experiencing difficulty in convincing others. • Accommodations for children with physical and cognitive disabilities so they are not excluded from other early childhood settings and activities • Responses within child welfare to ensure that children retain ties and connections with caring adults in nurturing environments • Early identification and response to developmental disabilities and delays within Part C and Part B of IDEA and other service systems • Early detection and treatment of mental health concerns and issues, often involving significant support to parents and other families members in the process Current Issues :-
- 30. Thank you for listening Any Questions please ?