ECOSYSTEM ENVIRONMENT DEFINITIONS PROBLEMS AND ISSUES.pdf
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The document discusses concepts related to sustainable development and bioclimatic design. It defines key terms like sustainability, bioclimatic architecture, and bioclimatic design. The principles of bioclimatic design aim to use natural heating/cooling according to the local climate. Examples discussed include traditional Spanish hacienda designs and Scandinavian sod houses that integrated local materials and vegetation for insulation and temperature regulation. Causes of environmental issues like pollution, degradation, and their impacts are also examined.
ECOSYSTEM ENVIRONMENT DEFINITIONS PROBLEMS AND ISSUES.pdf
- 1. concept SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WE ALL ARE CONNECTED NOT ISOLATED ……. AR S KAALMEGH ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR LAD COLLEGE
- 2. WE ALL ARE CONNECTED NOT ISOLATED ……. • There is more to living and designing in this world we inhabit than we think and know. 1. SUSTAINABILITY .. IMPORTANCE 2. RELEVANCE 3. DEFINITIONS TENETS AND PRINCIPLES OF SUSTAINABILITY: 1. SUSTAINABLE METHODS AND MATERIAL 2. CONSERVE ENERGY 3. WATER CONSERVATION 4. COMPATIBLE AND DIVERSE PLANT SELECTION 5. RIGHT PLANT RIGHT PLACE 6. CONSERVATION OF NATURAL RESOURCES 7. MAINTAIN HEALTHY PLANTS 8. PROTECT SOIL , CREATE AND CONSERVE SOIL 9. STOP / CHANNEL WATER RUN OFF 10. PROTECT WILD LIFE HABITAT
- 4. Prior to the 20th century, much of the world’s architecture, responded to the regional climate and could be considered bioclimatic
- 5. Bioclimatic design – combining “biology” and “climate” – is an approach to the design of buildings and landscape that is based on local climate. ... The premise of bioclimatic design is that buildings utilize natural heating, cooling, and daylighting in accordance with local climatic conditions. DEFINITIONS Bioclimatic architecture refers to the design of buildings and spaces (interior – exterior – outdoor) based on local climate, aimed at providing thermal and visual comfort, making use of solar energy and other environmental sources. Bioclimatic design deals with biological and climatic aspects such as thermal comfort and passive design strategies. Bioclimatic design aiming at the construction of buildings that are in harmony with the natural surroundings and local climate, ensuring conditions of thermal comfort inside.
- 7. The bioclimatic design of the buildings serves four main objectives: Saving conventional energy. Thrift in oil consumption through renewable energy sources (RES), that leads to energy saving. Saving money. Using inexpensive solar energy for heating and / or cool wind for cooling. This is an economic challenge resulting in cutting down heating and cooling expenses by 50%, possibly more. Protection of the environment. Less usage of fossil fuels and electricity reduces the waste which harms the environment and cause air pollution. Improvement of the indoor living conditions. Bioclimatic design ensures thermal comfort and air-quality thus creating a healthy living environment. Bioclimatic design is very important and its correct application benefits both humans and the environment.
- 9. BUENOS AIRES
- 10. Bioclimatic principles design 1. The building as a natural solar collector in winter: • The proper location of the building - Orientation (the largest face of the house facing SOUTH) • Shape of the building, • Size of the openings are depended on the orientation of the building, • Interior design according to bioclimatic principles of orientation 2. The building serving as a heat trap: • Protection from cold winds, • Thermal protection - insulation 3. The building serving as a heat storage: • Thermal mass - heat capacity 4. The building serving as a natural cooling trap / storage: • Sun protection of the building and its openings, • Color and texture of the outer surfaces, • Sufficiency of thermal mass, • Thermal protection – insulation, • Natural ventilation, • Outgoing heat radiation during night, • Microclimate
- 11. • The traditional Spanish hacienda design uses thick, thermally dense walls to retain heat or chill, thereby regulating temperature and creating a stable indoor microclimate The haciendas have “small windows to reduce solar gain, or overheating, to the south, and larger windows to the north to bring in light,” SPANISH HACIENDAS
- 12. • Sod houses built by Scandinavian and Nordic cultures hundreds of years ago were some of the first bioclimatic structures to integrate vegetation, says Bruce Dvorak, a professor in the Department of Landscape Architecture and Urban Planning at Texas A&M University. • “With stone and timber and other supporting materials, the sod formed the bulk of the walls and insulated the house,” “Live sod was also placed on the roof. The living sod on the roof shaded the building during the summer and insulated the house during the winter.” SCANDINAVIA
- 20. Walkway
- 21. RAMIFICATIONS OF OUR ACTIONS / ACTIVITIES ? WHAT IS OUR ECOLOGICAL PRESENCE DOING ? OUR FOOTPRINT? WHY ENVIRONMENT IS SO IMPORTANT ………………………… SO ASK QUESTIONS AND CONDUCT INVESTIGATIONS STUDY CASES IMPORTANT QUESTIONS WE SHOULD ASK
- 24. DEFORESTATION : WHAT HAPPENS , IMPORTANCE OF FORESTS WHY CITIES NEED FORESTS? SOIL EROSION URBANIZATION AND ENVIRONMENT
- 25. Noise pollution, also known as environmental noise or sound pollution, is the propagation of noise with ranging impacts on the activity of human or animal life, most of them harmful to a degree. The source of outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines, transport, and propagation systems. Water pollution is the contamination of water sources by substances which make the water unusable for drinking, cooking, cleaning, swimming, and other activities. Pollutants include chemicals, trash, bacteria, and parasites. All forms of pollution eventually make their way to water. Air pollution is contamination of the indoor or outdoor environment by any chemical, physical or biological agent that modifies the natural characteristics of the atmosphere. Household combustion devices, motor vehicles, industrial facilities and forest fires are common sources of air pollution. Soil contamination, soil pollution, or land pollution as a part of land degradation is caused by the presence of xenobiotic chemicals or other alteration in the natural soil environment. It is typically caused by industrial activity, agricultural chemicals or improper disposal of waste. DEFINITIONS WATER POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION NOISE POLLUTION LAND POLLUTION
- 26. What are causes of land pollution? • Deforestation and Soil Erosion. (Deforestation carried out to create drylands is one of the major concerns. ...) • Agricultural Activities. ... • Mining Activities. ... • Overcrowded Landfills. ... • Industrialization. ... • Urbanization. ... • Construction Activities. ... • Nuclear Waste.
- 27. What are the causes of water pollution? • Rapid Urban Development. • Improper Sewage Disposal. • Fertilizer Run-Off. • Oil Spills. • Chemical Waste Dumping. • Radioactive Waste Discharge.
- 28. What are the causes of air pollution? Common air pollution causes. • Burning of Fossil Fuels. ... • Industrial Emission. ... • Indoor Air Pollution. ... • Wildfires. ... • Microbial Decaying Process. ... • Transportation. ... • Open Burning of Garbage Waste. ... • Construction and Demolition.
- 29. What are causes of noise pollution? • Traffic noise. • Air traffic noise. • Construction sites. • Catering and night life. • Animals.
- 31. 1. Environmental Science Ecology 2. Concept of Ecosystem, 3. Environmental deterioration, 4. Environmental Issues.
- 32. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND ECOLOGY Generally speaking, Environmental Science is a broader field that incorporates many elements of earth and life sciences, Environmental science differs from other sciences in that it studies the interrelationship of humanity and the environment. Whereas, Ecology is usually more focused on how organisms interact with each other and their surroundings, and often on a very specific population of living things
- 33. Ecology is the study of the environment, and helps us understand how organisms live with each other in unique physical environments Ecology is the specific study of the relationships between living organisms: humans and animals, animals and plants, plants and organisms. What are the 4 types of ecology? The different levels of ecology include- organisms, communities, population and ecosystem.
- 35. CONCEPT OF ECOSYSTEM An ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals, and other organisms, as well as weather and landscape, work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystems contain biotic or living, parts, as well as abiotic factors, or nonliving parts. Biotic factors include plants, animals, and other organisms.
- 41. BIODIVERSITY ECOSYSTEMS CONSISTS OF : • INDIVIDUAL • POPULATION • COMMUNITY ECOSYSTEM AND BIOMES BIOME PROPERTIES : PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE
- 42. Biodiversity is all the different kinds of life you'll find in one area— the variety of animals, plants, fungi, and even microorganisms like bacteria that make up our natural world. Each of these species and organisms work together in ecosystems, like an intricate web, to maintain balance and support life.
- 45. BIOME Biome refers to the community of plants and animals that occur naturally in an area, often sharing common characteristics specific to that area. Biome, also known as a major life zone, is an area that includes communities of plants and animals that have a common adaptation to that particular environment. What is biome and examples? Image result for BIOME Terrestrial biomes or land biomes – e.g. tundra, taiga, grasslands, savannas, deserts, tropical forests, etc. Freshwater biomes – e.g. large lakes, polar freshwaters, tropical coastal rivers, river deltas, etc. Marine biomes – e.g. continental shelf, tropical coral, kelp forest, benthic zone, pelagic zone, etc
- 46. What are the 7 main biomes? Image result for BIOME Biomes of the World Tropical Rainforest. Temperate Forest. Desert. Tundra. Taiga (Boreal Forest) Grassland. Savanna.
- 49. ENVIRONMENTAL DETERIORATION Environmental degradation is a process through which the natural environment is compromised in some way, reducing biological diversity and the general health of the environment. This process can be entirely natural in origin, or it can be accelerated or caused by human activities. What is environmental degradation and examples? Image result for ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION Environmental degradation is the disintegration of the earth or deterioration of the environment through the consumption of assets, for example, air, water and soil; the destruction of environments and the eradication of wildlife.
- 50. CONSEQUENCES : Consequences include increased poverty, overcrowding, famine, weather extremes, species loss, acute and chronic medical illnesses, war and human rights abuses, and an increasingly unstable global situation that portends Malthusian chaos and disaster. What causes environmental degradation? The major causes of the environmental degradation are modern urbanization, industrialization, over-population growth, deforestation etc. Environmental pollution refers to the degradation of quality and quantity of natural resources. How important is environmental degradation? Over consumption of natural resources results in environmental degradation, reducing the effectiveness of essential ecosystem services, such as the mitigation of floods and landslides. This leads to increased risk from disasters, and in turn, natural hazards can further degrade the environment.
- 53. IMPACT OF BUILDING ACTIVIITY ON ENVIRONMENT Construction activities impact badly on the environment due to waste generation, resource consumption, noise pollution, air pollution due to dust from construction activities as well as bad odours from large diesel powered vehicles/construction machinery. What are the environmental impacts of building? The environmental impact of construction contributes to global warming. Construction projects emit large amounts of carbon dioxide and methane. Infrastructure developments cause pollution and produce waste. As the output of the construction industry multiplies, so can its damaging effects